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Drug: Acetylcysteine

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Total 2370 results found since Jan 2013.

Helicobacter pylori induces Snail expression through ROS ‐mediated activation of Erk and inactivation of GSK‐3β in human gastric cancer cells
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been known to be implicated in human gastric carcinogenesis. Snail, the zinc‐finger transcription factor known as a key inducer of changes in the cell shape and morphogenetic movement, is aberrantly overexpressed and correlates with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. In the present study, we investigated whether H. pylori could induce Snail activation to provoke these changes. Using a cell scatter assay, we noticed that human gastric cancer AGS cells infected with H. pylori underwent morphological changes as well as disruption of cell–cell interaction, which was then ...
Source: Molecular Carcinogenesis - January 24, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hoang ‐Kieu‐Chi Ngo, Hee Geum Lee, Juan‐Yu Piao, Xiancai Zhong, Ha‐Na Lee, Hyeong‐Jun Han, Wonki Kim, Do‐Hee Kim, Young‐Nam Cha, Hye‐Kyung Na, Young‐Joon Surh Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Triclosan activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent apoptosis and affects Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 expression in mouse neocortical neurons.
Abstract Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent that is used extensively in personal care and in sanitizing products, such as soaps, toothpastes, and hair products. A number of studies have revealed the presence of TCS in human tissues, such as fat, liver and brain, in addition to blood and breast milk. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of TCS on AhR and Cyp1a1/Cyp1b1 signaling in mouse neocortical neurons in primary cultures. In addition to the use of selective ligands and siRNAs, expression levels of mRNA and proteins as well as caspase-3 activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) format...
Source: Environmental Research - July 26, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Szychowski KA, Wnuk A, Kajta M, Wójtowicz AK Tags: Environ Res Source Type: research

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced apoptosis and necroptosis in endothelial cells: roles of NOX4 and mitochondrion
Publication date: Available online 5 January 2017 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Wenwen Zhao, Haitao Feng, Wen Sun, Kang Liu, Jin-Jian Lu, Xiuping Chen Oxidative stress causes endothelial death while underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the pro-death effect of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) was investigated with low concentration (50μM) of t-BHP (t-BHPL) and high concentration (500μM) of t-BHP (t-BHPH). Both t-BHPL and t-BHPH induced endothelial cell death was determined. T-BHPL induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which was inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)....
Source: Redox Biology - January 5, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Inhibition of c-Src protects paraquat induced microvascular endothelial injury by modulating caveolin-1 phosphorylation and caveolae mediated transcellular permeability
Publication date: Available online 2 February 2017 Source:Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology Author(s): Yu Huang, Qing He The mechanisms underlying paraquat induced acute lung injury (ALI) is still not clear. C-Src plays an important role in the regulation of microvascular endothelial barrier function and the pathogenesis of ALI. In the present study, we found that paraquat induced cell toxicity and an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in endothelium. Paraquat exposure also induced significant increase of caveolin-1 phosphorylation, caveolae trafficking and albumin permeability in endothelial monolayers. C-...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 2, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Sulfiredoxin involved in the protection of peroxiredoxins against hyperoxidation in the early hyperglycaemia.
Abstract As a direct consequence of hyperglycaemia, the excessive generation of ROS is central to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We hypothesize that stimulation of high glucose (HG) results in an increased sulfiredoxin (Srx) expression, which regulates ROS signaling through reducing the hyperoxidized peroxiredoxins (Prxs). We show that hyperoxidized Prxs were initially reduced in the preliminary stage but then dramatically increased in advanced stage and these changes corresponded to a significant increase of Srx expression in the heart of diabetic rats. These time-dependent changes were also confirm...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 11, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Shi S, Guo Y, Lou Y, Li Q, Cai X, Zhong X, Li H Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Cr(VI) induces cytotoxicity in vitro through activation of ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity. PMID: 28323103 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Toxicology in Vitro - March 17, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Zhang Y, Xiao F, Liu X, Liu K, Zhou X, Zhong C Tags: Toxicol In Vitro Source Type: research

NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to aldosterone-induced podocyte injury
Aldosterone (Aldo) has been shown as an important contributor of podocyte injury. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Recently, the pathogenic role of NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in mediating renal tubular damage was identified while its role in podocyte injury still needs evidence. Thus the present study was undertaken to investigate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in Aldo-induced podocyte damage. In vitro, exposure of podocytes to Aldo enhanced NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-18 expressions in dose- and time-dependent manners, indicating an activation of NL...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - April 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bai, M., Chen, Y., Zhao, M., Zhang, Y., He, J. C.-J., Huang, S., Jia, Z., Zhang, A. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

7-O-geranylquercetin-induced autophagy contributes to apoptosis via ROS generation in human non-small cell lung cancer cells
Publication date: Available online 8 May 2017 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): En-Xia Wang, Bo-Yang Zou, Lei Shi, Lin-Ying Du, Yan-Yan Zhu, Ya-Meng Jiang, Xiao-Dong Ma, Xiao-Hui Kang, Chang-Yuan Wang, Yu-Hong Zhen, Li-Dan Sun Aims To investigate the antitumor effects of 7-O-geranylquercetin (GQ), a novel O-alkylated derivative of quercetin, against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549 and NCI-H1975 and the corresponding mechanisms. Main methods Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. The expression of proteins involved in apoptosis and autophagy was measured using western blotting. Besides, apoptosis was...
Source: Life Sciences - May 9, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

SIRT6 inhibits TNF- α-induced inflammation of vascular adventitial fibroblasts through ROS and Akt signaling pathway.
This study aims to investigate the role of SIRT6 in vascular inflammation and it molecular mechanism. We found that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) did not alter the localization of SIRT6 in vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAFs), vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The expression of SIRT1, SIRT6 was decreased in TNF-α-treated VAFs. In contrast, TNF-α significantly increased the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and interleukin (IL) -6. Knockdown of SIRT1 and SIRT6 by siRNA significantly enhanced TNF-α-induced expression of MCP-1 and IL-6, respectively. Overe...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - May 4, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: He Y, Xiao Y, Yang X, Li Y, Wang B, Yao F, Shang C, Jin Z, Wang W, Lin R Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induced ROS-dependent autophagic cell death in human vascular endothelial cells.
In conclusion, it is possible that ROS elicited autophagy through Akt1 pathway in the MEHP-treated EA.hy926 cells. PMID: 28655635 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Toxicology in Vitro - June 24, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Liu N, Jiang L, Sun X, Yao X, Zhai X, Liu X, Wu X, Bai Y, Wang S, Yang G Tags: Toxicol In Vitro Source Type: research

Cysteine transporter SLC3A1 promotes breast cancer tumorigenesis
Cysteine is an essential amino acid for infants, aged people as well as patients with metabolic disorders. Although the thiol group of cysteine side chain is active in oxidative reactions, the role of cysteine in cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we report that the expression level of the solute carrier family 3, member 1 (SLC3A1), the cysteine carrier, tightly correlated with clinical stages and patients' survival. Elevated SLC3A1 expression accelerated the cysteine uptake and the accumulation of reductive glutathione (GSH), leading to reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS increased the stability and activity of ...
Source: Theranostics - September 12, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yang Jiang, Yuan Cao, Yongbin Wang, Wei Li, Xinyi Liu, Yixuan Lv, Xiaoling Li, Jun Mi Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

TGF- β1-induced cell migration in pancreatic carcinoma cells is RAC1 and NOX4-dependent and requires RAC1 and NOX4-dependent activation of p38 MAPK.
TGF-β1-induced cell migration in pancreatic carcinoma cells is RAC1 and NOX4-dependent and requires RAC1 and NOX4-dependent activation of p38 MAPK. Oncol Rep. 2017 Oct 12;: Authors: Witte D, Bartscht T, Kaufmann R, Pries R, Settmacher U, Lehnert H, Ungefroren H Abstract Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell invasion of cancer cells in part through the small GTPase RAC1. Since RAC1 can signal through reactive oxygen species (ROS), we probed the role of the ROS-producing NADPH oxidase (NOX) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in mediating TG...
Source: Oncology Reports - October 20, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

HMGB1 ‐induced asthmatic airway inflammation through GRP75‐mediated enhancement of ER–Mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer and ROS increased
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - January 2, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lv Yanhua, Li Yanli, Zhang Dandan, Zhang Anbing, Guo Weihong, Zhu Shunfang Tags: Article Source Type: research

HMGB1 ‐induced asthmatic airway inflammation through GRP75‐mediated enhancement of ER‐mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer and ROS increased
Abstract Imbalanced T‐helper (TH)1/Th2 response contributes significantly to asthma pathogenesis. Our study indicated that HMGB1 play an important role in the release of Th2‐associated cytokines of asthma. However, the specific mechanism about HMGB1‐induced imbalanced TH1/Th2 response is not known. In vivo, an OVA‐induced asthma mouse model was set up and mice treated with anti‐HMGB1 IgG. The mice treated with the anti‐HMGB1 IgG ameliorated airway hyper‐reactivity, disruption of Th1/Th2 balance and the upregulation of GRP75 induced by OVA. In vitro, the exposure of normal human bronchial epithelial cells to H...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - January 25, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yanhua Lv, Yanli Li, Dandan Zhang, Anbing Zhang, Weihong Guo, Shunfang Zhu Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Acrylamide-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response are alleviated by N-acetylcysteine in PC12 cells: Involvement of the crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF- κB pathways regulated by MAPKs.
This study focused on clarifying the crosstalk between the involved signaling pathways in ACR-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response and investigating the protective effect of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against ACR in PC12 cells. Results revealed that ACR exposure led to oxidative stress characterized by significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and glutathione (GSH) consumption. Inflammatory response was observed based on the dose-dependently increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). NAC attenu...
Source: Toxicology Letters - February 6, 2018 Category: Toxicology Authors: Pan X, Wu X, Yan D, Peng C, Rao C, Yan H Tags: Toxicol Lett Source Type: research