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U.S. weighs crackdown on experiments that could make viruses more dangerous
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Source: ScienceNOW - October 19, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news

We May Never Eliminate COVID-19. But We Can Learn to Live With It
When does a pandemic end? Is it when life regains a semblance of normality? Is it when the world reaches herd immunity, the benchmark at which enough people are immune to an infectious disease to stop its widespread circulation? Or is it when the disease is defeated, the last patient cured and the pathogen retired to the history books? The last scenario, in the case of COVID-19, is likely a ways off, if it ever arrives. The virus has infected more than 100 million people worldwide and killed more than 2 million. New viral variants even more contagious than those that started the pandemic are spreading across the world. And...
Source: TIME: Health - February 4, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jamie Ducharme Tags: Uncategorized Cover Story COVID-19 feature Magazine Source Type: news

mRNA Technology Gave Us the First COVID-19 Vaccines. It Could Also Upend the Drug Industry
“No!” The doctor snapped. “Look at me!” I had been staring her in the eyes, as she had ordered, but when a doctor on my other side began jabbing me with a needle, I started to turn my head. “Don’t look at it,” the first doctor said. I obeyed. This was in early August in New Orleans, where I had signed up to be a participant in the clinical trial for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. It was a blind study, which meant I was not supposed to know whether I had gotten the placebo or the real vaccine. I asked the doctor if I would really been able to tell by looking at the syringe. &...
Source: TIME: Health - January 11, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Walter Isaacson Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 feature Magazine Source Type: news

Moderna ’s COVID-19 Vaccine Is 94.5% Effective. Here’s What That Really Means
It’s wasn’t a typical Sunday morning for Dr. Stephen Hoge, president of the biotech company Moderna, and Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. They were at their respective homes in Massachusetts and Washington, D.C., waiting to to be let into a Zoom call to hear the results of the very first COVID-19 vaccine that was tested in people. The hosts were members of the independent Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) that is reviewing data involving all the COVID-19 vaccine candidates supported by the U.S. government’s Operation Warp Speed program, and Hoge a...
Source: TIME: Health - November 17, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

Vaccines, Antibodies and Drug Libraries. The Possible COVID-19 Treatments Researchers Are Excited About
In early April, about four months after a new, highly infectious coronavirus was first identified in China, an international group of scientists reported encouraging results from a study of an experimental drug for treating the viral disease known as COVID-19. It was a small study, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, but showed that remdesivir, an unapproved drug that was originally developed to fight Ebola, helped 68% of patients with severe breathing problems due to COVID-19 to improve; 60% of those who relied on a ventilator to breathe and took the drug were able to wean themselves off the machines after 18...
Source: TIME: Health - April 14, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

New immunodeficiency syndromes that help us understand the IFN-mediated antiviral immune response
Purpose of review Studying primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) provides insights into human antiviral immunity in the natural infectious environment. This review describes new PIDs with genetic defects that impair innate antiviral responses. Recent findings New genetic defects in the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway include IFNAR1 deficiency, which causes uncontrolled infections with measles-mumps-rubella or yellow fever vaccines, and possibly also cytomegalovirus (CMV); and IRF9 deficiency, which results in influenza virus susceptibility. Genetic defects in several pattern recognition receptors include MDA5 deficienc...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - November 7, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ALLERGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND RELATED DISORDERS: Edited by Jordan S. Orange Source Type: research

Hong Kong Institute of Allergy and Hong Kong Society for Paediatric Immunology Allergy & Infectious Diseases joint consensus statement 2018 on vaccination in egg-allergic patients.
Hong Kong Institute of Allergy and Hong Kong Society for Paediatric Immunology Allergy & Infectious Diseases joint consensus statement 2018 on vaccination in egg-allergic patients. Hong Kong Med J. 2018 Oct;24(5):527-531 Authors: Chua GT, Li PH, Ho MH, Lai E, Ngai V, Yau FY, Kwan MY, Leung TF, Lee TH Abstract Vaccination of egg-allergic individuals has been a historical concern, particularly for influenza and measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccines that are developed in chicken egg embryos or chicken cell fibroblasts. The egg proteins in these vaccines were believed to trigger an immediate allerg...
Source: Hong Kong Med J - October 1, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Chua GT, Li PH, Ho MH, Lai E, Ngai V, Yau FY, Kwan MY, Leung TF, Lee TH Tags: Hong Kong Med J Source Type: research

Why Flu Outbreaks Have Been the Worst in Nearly a Decade
The only thing worse than getting the flu is catching it after you’ve gotten a flu shot. It’s been a terrible year for outbreaks — the worst in almost a decade. Contributing to that is the high failure rate of this year’s vaccine. The current shot is just 25 percent effective against the H3N2 virus, this season’s most-often-identified strain by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The experts say, with enough time and money, they can do a lot better. “There has to be a wholesale change to how we make the flu vaccine,” said Amesh Adalja, senior scholar at Johns Hopkins Ce...
Source: TIME: Science - February 28, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Bloomberg Tags: Uncategorized Bloomberg flu healthytime onetime Source Type: news

Unique influenza A  cross-reactive memory CD8 T-cell receptor repertoire has a potential to protect against EBV seroconversion
There is extensive direct evidence in murine viral challenge studies that heterologous immunity facilitated by cross-reactive CD8 T-cell responses can mediate either beneficial or detrimental effects.1 Studies defining the role of heterologous immunity during human viral infection are more challenging. A  classic example of protective heterologous immunity in humans is smallpox vaccination. Immunological memory to vaccinia virus (cowpox) protects against human smallpox (variola) infection. More recent studies have shown that children vaccinated with live measles virus or Bacille-Calmette-Guerin hav e unexpectedly lower su...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - June 16, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Levi B. Watkin, Rabinarayan Mishra, Anna Gil, Nuray Aslan, Dario Ghersi, Katherine Luzuriaga, Liisa K. Selin Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

The World Is Not Ready for the Next Pandemic
Across China, the virus that could spark the next pandemic is already circulating. It’s a bird flu called H7N9, and true to its name, it mostly infects poultry. Lately, however, it’s started jumping from chickens to humans more readily–bad news, because the virus is a killer. During a recent spike, 88% of people infected got pneumonia, three-quarters ended up in intensive care with severe respiratory problems, and 41% died. What H7N9 can’t do–yet–is spread easily from person to person, but experts know that could change. The longer the virus spends in humans, the better the chance that i...
Source: TIME.com: Top Science and Health Stories - May 4, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Bryan Walsh Tags: Uncategorized CDC Disease ebola Gates Foundation MERS outbreak pandemic Zika Source Type: news

Recurrent Immune Thrombocytopenia After Influenza Vaccination: A Case Report
We report a child with 3 occurrences of ITP, each within 1 week of receiving the influenza trivalent inactivated vaccine. He recovered fully in-between the episodes, and no further episodes have occurred since discontinuation of seasonal influenza vaccination. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first showing, with high probability, the influenza vaccine as a cause for ITP in a pediatric patient.
Source: PEDIATRICS - November 30, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hamiel, U., Kventsel, I., Youngster, I. Tags: Infectious Disease, Influenza, Allergy/Immunology, Immunologic Disorders Case Report Source Type: research