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Rituximab in the Treatment of Acquired Angioedema
Acquired visceral angioedema is rare and has many causes including allergic, NSAID-induced, hereditary C1 esterase deficiency, acei-induced, acquired angioedema, and idiopathic angioedema. A sixty-one-year old woman with a history of C. difficile colitis s/p fecal transplant started to have severe abdominal pain and imaging-supported visceral angioedema over 1 year. Her GI specialist checked C4 and C1 esterase and noted deficiency of both. Patient was referred for evaluation of acquired angioedema and treatment.
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 1, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tracy Hwangpo Source Type: research

The microbiota and immune-mediated diseases: opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 31991477 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 27, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Fitzgibbon G, Mills KHG Tags: Eur J Immunol Source Type: research

A007 impact of penicillin allergy label in liver transplant recipients during transplant hospitalization
Self-reported penicillin (PCN) allergy is associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic use, increased antibiotic resistance, extended hospital length of stay (LoS), and increased risk of in-hospital complications including surgical site infections (SSI) and C. difficile infection (CDI). We aimed to determine the impact of self-reported PCN allergy in liver transplant recipients (LTR).
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - October 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: G. Motoa, I. Carrillo-Martin, N. Chamorro-Pareja, D. Haehn, J. Mendez, H. Wadei, D. Hodge, D. Lee, W. Bosch, A. Gonzalez-Estrada Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Contribution of Non-immune Cells to Activation and Modulation of the Intestinal Inflammation
Conclusions As the intestinal mucosa surface constitutes the major surface of the body which is in direct contact with the outer environment, intestinal immune homeostasis must be accurately regulated. The interplay between commensal microbiota, intestinal stromal cells, and the mucosal immune system components should guarantee the intestinal homeostasis to avoid a sustained inflammation that could induce tissue damage. However, several factors can lead to inflammation through homeostasis breakdown. Figure 1 summarizes the main points that have been reviewed here. We have described what it is known so far about the role o...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Clinical trial testing fecal microbiota transplant for recurrent diarrheal disease begins
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) A research consortium recently began enrolling patients in a clinical trial examining whether fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) by enema--putting stool from a healthy donor in the colon of a recipient--is safe and can prevent recurrent Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD), a potentially life-threatening diarrheal illness. Investigators aim to enroll 162 volunteer participants 18 years or older who have had two or more episodes of CDAD within the previous six months.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - January 14, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

The long ‐term effects of faecal microbiota transplantation for gastrointestinal symptoms and general health in patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection
ConclusionOur study highlights that FMT is a durable, safe and acceptable treatment option for patients with recurrent C. difficile infection also in long term, and it shows potential benefits over antimicrobial treatment.
Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 11, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: J. Jalanka, A. Hillamaa, R. Satokari, E. Mattila, V. ‐J. Anttila, P. Arkkila Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Increasing Incidence of Multiply Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection in the United States: A Cohort Study.
Conclusion: Relative to CDI, mrCDI incidence has disproportionately increased, indicating a rising demand for mrCDI therapies. Primary Funding Source: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. PMID: 28672282 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - July 4, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ma GK, Brensinger CM, Wu Q, Lewis JD Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

The potential impact of gut on your health: Current status and future challenges
        Our health and probably also our behaviors and mood depend not only on what we eat or what we do (lifestyle behaviors), but also on what we host. It is well established for decades that all vertebrates including humans are colonized by a wide array of bacteria, fungi, eukaryotic parasite s and viruses, and that, at steady state (homeostasis), this community of microbes establishes a friendly mutual relationship with the host. The term microbiota was originally meant to represent an ecological community of commensals and potentially pathogenic microbes that live within our bodies, bu t it is now used interchange...
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology - December 18, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Fecal microbial transplantation in a pediatric case of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and specific antibody deficiency
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology - August 5, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Paxton Loke, Ralf G Heine, Vicki McWilliam, Donald J S Cameron, Mimi L K Tang, Katrina J Allen Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Microbiome Regulation of Autoimmune, Gut and Liver associated Diseases.
Abstract Extensive analysis of the complexity and diversity of microbiota using metagenomics in the gut and other body sites has provided evidence that dysbiosis occurs in many disease states. With the application of next generation sequencing technology this research is starting to uncover the impact of microbiota on metabolic, physiological and immunological pathways and elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. To highlight these advances we have focused on autoimmunity and gut and liver related diseases and discuss the opportunities and challenges of translating microbiome research towards its ...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - January 28, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Singh B Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Duodenal infusion of stool is more effective than vancomycin in patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile
Commentary on: Van Nood E, Vrieze A, Nieuwdorp M, et al.. Duodenal infusion of donor feces for recurrent Clostridium difficile. N Engl J Med 2013;368:407–15. Context Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is increasing in both inpatients and outpatients. CDI accounted for approximately 336 600 inpatient hospitalisations in the USA in 2009.1 Recurrent CDI (RCDI) occurs in 15–30% of patients after the initial infection and in 40–65% with subsequent infections.1 Guidelines recommend that for mild disease, a first recurrence can be treated with the same initial antibiotic regimen; however, severe recurren...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - November 21, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Berg, A. M., Farraye, F. A. Tags: Inflammatory bowel disease, Neurogastroenterology, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Immunology (including allergy) Therapeutics Source Type: research