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Infectious Disease: Gastroenteritis

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Total 42073 results found since Jan 2013.

A search for the in trans role of GraL, an Escherichia coli small RNA.
Abstract Small RNA are very important post-transcriptional regulators in both, bacteria and eukaryotes. One of such sRNA is GraL, encoded in the greA leader region and conserved among enteric bacteria. Here, we conducted a bioinformatics search for GraL's targets in trans and validated our findings in vivo by constructing fusions of probable targets with lacZ and measuring their activity when GraL was overexpressed. Only one target's activity (nudE) decreased under those conditions and was thus selected for further analysis. In the absence of GraL and greA, the nudE::lacZ fusion's β-galactosidase activity was inc...
Source: Acta Biochim Pol - March 12, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Dylewski M, Ćwiklińska M, Potrykus K Tags: Acta Biochim Pol Source Type: research

Characteristics of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli isolated from healthy carriers and from patients with diarrhoea.
Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the virulence characteristics and phylogenetic features of enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) strains from adults with and without diarrhoea and to search for associations between the analysed genes and carrier or diarrhoeagenic strains, respectively. Faecal samples of 487 healthy humans were screened for EAEC strains and compared to isolates from diarrhoeal patients. Virulence and virulence associated gene typing, serotyping, multilocus sequence typing and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed for characterization of the isolates. Characteristics significantl...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 5, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nüesch-Inderbinen MT, Hofer E, Hächler H, Beutin L, Stephan R Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: research

Assessment of bacteriological quality of ready to eat food vended in streets of Silchar city, Assam, India
I Sharma, JA MazumdarIndian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014 32(2):169-171A total of 37 street vended food samples were examined for bacterial and the colony forming units counts ranged from 4.5 × 10 5 to 1.12 × 10 6 . The isolates were identified as Escherichia coli (37.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.57%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.20%), Salmonella sp. (5.36%), Klebsiella sp. (10.71%), Shigella sp. (19.64%) and Enterobacter sp. (8.93%) respectively. All the 56 isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin while their susceptibility to the other drug...
Source: Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology - April 2, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: I SharmaJA Mazumdar Source Type: research

DNA Internal Motion Likely Accelerates Protein Target Search in a Packed Nucleoid.
Abstract Transcription factors must diffuse through densely packed and coiled DNA to find their binding sites. Using a coarse-grained model of DNA and lac repressor (LacI) in the Escherichia coli nucleoid, simulations were performed to examine how LacI diffuses in such a space. Despite the canonical picture of LacI diffusing rather freely, in reality the DNA is densely packed, is not rigid but highly mobile, and the dynamics of DNA dictates to a great extent the LacI motion. A possibly better picture of unbound LacI motion is that of gated diffusion, where DNA confines LacI in a cage, but LacI can move between cag...
Source: Biophysical Journal - June 6, 2017 Category: Physics Authors: Chow E, Skolnick J Tags: Biophys J Source Type: research

Kinetics of dCas9 target search in Escherichia coli
How fast can a cell locate a specific chromosomal DNA sequence specified by a single-stranded oligonucleotide? To address this question, we investigate the intracellular search processes of the Cas9 protein, which can be programmed by a guide RNA to bind essentially any DNA sequence. This targeting flexibility requires Cas9 to unwind the DNA double helix to test for correct base pairing to the guide RNA. Here we study the search mechanisms of the catalytically inactive Cas9 (dCas9) in living Escherichia coli by combining single-molecule fluorescence microscopy and bulk restriction-protection assays. We find that it takes a...
Source: ScienceNOW - September 28, 2017 Category: Science Authors: Jones, D. L., Leroy, P., Unoson, C., Fange, D., Curic, V., Lawson, M. J., Elf, J. Tags: Biochemistry reports Source Type: news

Evaluation of the frequency of adrenal crises and preventive measures in patients with primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency in Switzerland.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of adrenal crisis in Switzerland is lower than described in recent European studies. Although nearly all of the patients carry their emergency cards with them, emergency treatment is available in only about half of the patients. There is a mismatch between subjective and objective knowledge of the disease and the education of patients with adrenal insufficiency needs to be improved. PMID: 29376554 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Swiss Medical Weekly - January 29, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Notter A, Jenni S, Christ E Tags: Swiss Med Wkly Source Type: research

Use of Lactobacillus spp. to Prevent Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Females
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections seen in the community, especially amongst females. The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the increased occurrence of E. coli resistant isolates worldwide. A promising non-antibiotic approach is the use of probiotic lactobacilli strains. This paper hypothesizes that Lactobacillus spp. containing products are able to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections in females. Using the keywords [lactobacillus OR lactobacilli OR probiotic] and [urinary tract infection OR UTI OR cystitis], a preliminary search on the PubMed, Ovid, Google Scholar and Cli...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 5, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Qin Xiang Ng, Christina Peters, Nandini Venkatanarayanan, Yan Yih Goh, Collin Yih Xian Ho, Wee-Song Yeo Source Type: research

The Guardian view on medical dangers: evolution in action | Editorial
The emergence of new strains of bacteria which can resist antibiotics or digest processed foodstuffs in our guts shows the law of unintended consequences operates everywhereThefirst case anywhere in the world of a strain of gonorrhea resistant to all known antibiotics was reported late last month. The diagnosis was made in England, but it appears that the infection came from an encounter in south-east Asia. Antibiotic resistance is a global problem, and can ’t be confined to any one part of the world for long. Last autumn a woman died in the US of an infection apparently picked up in an Indian hospita...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - April 11, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Editorial Tags: Antibiotics Society Medicine Education Science Infectious diseases Medical research Microbiology US news World news Source Type: news

Search for shorter portions of the proline-rich antimicrobial peptide fragment Bac5(1-25) that retain antimicrobial activity by blocking protein synthesis.
Abstract The spreading of antibiotic-resistant pathogens boosted the search for new antimicrobial drugs. Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides are promising lead compounds for the development of next-generation antibiotics, due to their very low cytotoxicity and their good antimicrobial activity targeting the bacterial ribosome. Bac5(1-25) is a N-terminal fragment of the bovine proline-rich antimicrobial peptide Bac5 whose mode of action has been recently described. In this work we tested a number of Bac5(1-25) fragments and we characterized their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter bauman...
Source: ChemMedChem - January 7, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mardirossian M, Sola R, Degasperi M, Scocchi M Tags: ChemMedChem Source Type: research

National rotavirus vaccination programme implementation and gastroenteritis presentations: the paediatric emergency medicine perspective
ConclusionA reduction in PED presentations with AGE is demonstrated post-rotavirus vaccine introduction into the Irish National Immunisation Schedule. No significant change in paediatric hospital admissions was demonstrated.
Source: Irish Journal of Medical Science - June 12, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

The search of potential inhibitors of the AcrAB-TolC system of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli: an in silico approach.
Abstract The number of infections caused by multidrug antibiotic resistance (MDR) species is increasing globally. The efflux pump system, AcrAB-TolC, confers Escherichia coli resistance to many antibiotics and results in poor treatment outcomes. Different rational drug design techniques were employed to search for a safe and effective AcrAB-TolC system inhibitor. Ligand docking was performed to analyze the binding of different ArcB substrates and/or inhibitors in the different AcrAB crystal structure binding sites. The validated docking site using the established docking preferences was used to perform virtual hig...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - June 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Authors: Abdel-Halim H, Al Dajani A, Abdelhalim A, Abdelmalek S Tags: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: research

Molecular epidemiology of human bocavirus in children with acute gastroenteritis from North Region of Brazil.
CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence for the circulation of most HBoV genotypes (except HBoV-4) in the North Region of Brazil at a considerable rate and further investigations are necessary to improve our knowledge in the context of HBoV infections and their role in gastrointestinal diseases. PMID: 31215861 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - June 18, 2019 Category: Microbiology Authors: Soares LS, Lima ABF, Pantoja KC, Lobo PS, Cruz JF, Guerra SFS, Bezerra DAM, Bandeira RS, Mascarenhas JDP Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: research

Quick and clean: Cracking sentences encoded in E. coli by LC–MS/MS, de novo sequencing, and dictionary search
In this study, we faced the challenge of deciphering a protein that has been designed and expressed by E. coli in such a way that the amino acid sequence encodes two concatenated English sentences. The letters ‘O’ and ‘U’ in the sentence are both replaced by ‘K’ in the protein. The sequence cannot be found online and carried to-be-discovered modifications. With limited information in hand, to solve the challenge, we developed a workflow consisting of bottom-up proteomics, de novo sequencing and a bioinformatics pipeline for data processing and searching for frequently appearing words. We assembled a complete fi...
Source: EuPA Open Proteomics - July 30, 2019 Category: Bioinformatics Source Type: research

A simple phenotypic test for detecting the contribution of outer membrane permeability to carbapenem resistance.
Conclusion. This paves the way for a diagnostic assay allowing the detection of this membrane-associated mechanism of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. PMID: 31904320 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - January 5, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Pinet E, Franceschi C, Collin V, Davin-Regli A, Zambardi G, Pagès JM Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: research

Prevalence and associated factor of Campylobacter species among less than 5-year-old children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionIn our study, Campylobacter species among children under 5 years of age in Ethiopia were significantly high. Contact with domestic animals, illiterate mothers and consumption of animal products were significantly associated with prevalence of Campylobacter species
Source: European Journal of Medical Research - January 3, 2021 Category: Research Source Type: research