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Total 442 results found since Jan 2013.

Effects of lentivirus-mediated silencing of Periostin on tumor microenvironment and bone metastasis via the integrin-signaling pathway in lung cancer
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2017 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Jing Che, Wen-Zhuang Shen, Yu Deng, Yu-Hong Dai, Yong-De Liao, Xiang-Lin Yuan, Peng Zhang The study aims to investigate the effects of Periostin gene silencing on tumor microenvironment and bone metastasis via the integrin-signaling pathway in lung cancer (LC). LC patients were divided into bone metastasis and non-bone metastasis groups; Healthy volunteers were selected as normal group. ELISA was performed to detect serum Periostin levels and plasma calcium ion concentration. SBC-5 cells were assigned into blank group (without transfection), ne...
Source: Life Sciences - June 8, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

HDAC9 is an epigenetic repressor of kidney angiotensinogen establishing a sex difference
ConclusionsThese results indicate that HDAC9 is a novel suppressing factor involved in AGT regulation in PTC, leading to low levels of intrarenal AGT in females. These findings will help to delineate mechanisms underlying sex differences in the development of hypertension and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) associated kidney injury.
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - May 30, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Role of HSP60 (HSPD1) in diabetes-induced renal tubular dysfunction: regulation of intracellular protein aggregation, ATP production, and oxidative stress Research
Because underlying mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy/tubulopathy remained poorly understood, we aimed to define a key protein involving in hyperglycemia-induced renal tubular dysfunction. All altered renal proteins identified from previous large-scale proteome studies were subjected to global protein network analysis, which revealed heat shock protein 60 (HSP60, also known as HSPD1) as the central node of protein–protein interactions. Functional validation was performed using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down HSP60 (siHSP60). At 48 h after exposure to high glucose (HG) (25 mM), Madin-Darby canine kidney (M...
Source: FASEB Journal - May 1, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Aluksanasuwan, S., Sueksakit, K., Fong-ngern, K., Thongboonkerd, V. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Endothelial deletion of mTORC1 protects against hindlimb ischemia in diabetic mice via activation of autophagy, attenuation of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation.
In conclusion, our present study demonstrates that endothelial mTORC1 deletion protects against hindlimb ischemic injury in diabetic mice possibly via activation of autophagy, attenuation of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation. Therapeutics targeting mTORC1 may therefore represents a promising strategy to rescue limb ischemia in diabetes mellitus. PMID: 28473248 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - May 1, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Fan W, Han D, Sun Z, Ma S, Gao L, Chen J, Li X, Li X, Fan M, Li C, Hu D, Wang Y, Cao F Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses gastric cancer cell growth through VDR- and mutant p53-mediated induction of p21
Publication date: Available online 29 April 2017 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Mingxing Li, Longfei Li, Lin Zhang, Wei Hu, Jing Shen, Zhangang Xiao, Xu Wu, Franky Leung Chan, Chi Hin Cho Aims Previous studies have indicated that vitamin D deficiency correlates with cancer risk and vitamin D potentiates antitumor effects in a variety of cancers. The antitumor effect of vitamin D on gastric cancer was rarely studied. We aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of vitamin D on gastric cancer and underlying mechanisms. Main methods We investigated the antitumor activity of the active form of vitamin D, 1α,25-dihydroxyvita...
Source: Life Sciences - April 30, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Epigallocatechin Gallate Upregulates NRF2 to Prevent Diabetic Nephropathy via Disabling KEAP1.
Abstract Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and effective green tea catechin and has been reported to attenuate diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the mechanism by which EGCG ameliorates DN, till now, has remained unclear. EGCG is known as a potent activator of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which plays a key role in cellular defense against diabetes-induced oxidative stress and in the prevention of DN. In the present study, we tested whether NRF2 is required for EGCG protection against DN. Therefore, C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and Nrf2 knockout mice were induced to diabetes by ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 27, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Sun W, Liu X, Zhang H, Song Y, Li T, Liu X, Liu Y, Guo L, Wang F, Yang T, Guo W, Wu J, Jin H, Wu H Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

O-Aminobenzoyl-S-Nitrosoglutathione: a Fluorogenic, Cell Permeable, Pseudo-Substrate for S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase.
Abstract S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a multifunctional enzyme. It can catalyze NADH-dependent reduction of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO); as well as NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of hydroxymethylglutathione (HMGSH; an adduct formed by the spontaneous reaction between formaldehyde and glutathione). While initially recognized as the enzyme that is involved in formaldehyde detoxification, increasing amount of research evidence has shown that GSNOR also plays a significant role in nitric oxide mediated signaling through its modulation of protein S-nitrosothiol abundance via transnitrosation reactions with GSN...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 15, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Sun BL, Palmer L, Alam SR, Adekoya I, Brown-Steinke K, Periasamy A, Mutus B Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Cytosolic calcium mediates RIP1/RIP3 complex-dependent necroptosis through JNK activation and mitochondrial ROS production in human colon cancer cells.
In this study, a RIP1/RIP3 complex was formed in 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (MAM)-treated HCT116 and HT29 colon cancer cells. With this formation, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased, mitochondrial depolarization occurred, and ATP concentrations decreased. This process was identified as necroptosis. This finding was confirmed by experiments showing that MAM-induced cell death was attenuated by the pharmacological or genetic blockage of necroptosis signaling, including RIP1 inhibitor necrostatin-1s (Nec-1s) and siRNA-mediated gene silencing of RIP1 and RIP3, but was unaffected by caspase inh...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 14, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Sun W, Wu X, Gao H, Yu J, Zhao W, Lu JJ, Wang J, Du G, Chen X Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

The lipid moiety 7-ketocholesteryl-9-carboxynonanoate mediates binding interaction of oxLDL to LOX-1 and upregulates ABCA1 expression through PPAR γ
Publication date: Available online 2 April 2017 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Jingda Li, Zhilong Xiu, Renjun Wang, Chengjie Yu, Yan Chi, Jianzhong Qin, Changzhen Fu, Eiji Matsuura, Qingping Liu Aim Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), a specific membrane receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis progression. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of 7-ketocholesteryl-9-carboxynonanoate (oxLig-1), a lipid component of oxLDL, in the binding of oxLDL to LOX-1 and to determine whether oxLig-1 binding to LOX-1 is involved in the upregul...
Source: Life Sciences - April 2, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Molecular therapy set to protect at-risk patients against heart attack and stroke
(Charit é - Universit ä tsmedizin Berlin) Even a single dose of a specific ribonucleic acid molecule, known as a small interfering RNA (siRNA), offers patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease long-lasting protection against high LDL cholesterol -- one of the main risk factors for heart attack and stroke. This is the result of a clinical study that researchers from Charit é and Imperial College London have published as leading authors in the current edition of New England Journal of Medicine.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 30, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Toll-like receptor 9 mediates paraquat-induced acute lung injury: An in vitro and in vivo study
This study aimed to investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 9 in paraquat-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Main methods For in vivo study,C57BL mice were randomly assigned into the vehicle control group, paraquat group, paraquat + antagonist (ODN2088) group, and antagonist (ODN2088) group (n =24 per group). After paraquat 30mg/kg ip for 2, 24 and 48h, serum samples and lung tissues were collected to evaluate ALI and TLR9 signaling. As for in vitro research A549 cells were randomly divided into the control group, paraquat group, paraquat + TLR9 siRNA group, and TLR9 siRNA group. After paraquat treatment for 24h, the cell...
Source: Life Sciences - March 29, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Molecular characterization of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) sodium bicarbonate cotransporter (NBC) and its role in response to pH stress
Publication date: May 2017 Source:Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Volume 64 Author(s): Yi-Ming Cai, Ting Chen, Chun-Hua Ren, Wen Huang, Xiao Jiang, Yan Gao, Da Huo, Chao-Qun Hu The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter (NBC) is an integral membrane ion transporter that can transport HCO3 − (or a related species, such as CO3 2-) across the plasma membrane. Previous researches revealed that NBC might play an important role in the regulation of intracellular pH in vertebrates. In the present study, an NBC cDNA was identified from Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and designated as Lv-NBC. The full-length Lv-NBC c...
Source: Fish and Shellfish Immunology - March 17, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Protective effects of coffee against oxidative stress induced by the tobacco carcinogen benzo αpyrene.
CONCLUSION: A common UGT1A haplotype, prevalent in 9% (homozygous) of the White population, significantly impairs the expression of UGT1A enzymes in response to the putative tobacco carcinogen BaP and is likely to represent a significant risk factor for reduced detoxification and increased genotoxicity. Coffee was demonstrated to inhibit BaP-induced production of oxidative stress by UGT1A activation, and is therefore an attractive candidate for chemoprotection in risk groups for HCC or other tumors. PMID: 28300668 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - March 11, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Kalthoff S, Landerer S, Reich J, Strassburg CP Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

CO-releasing molecules CORM2 attenuates angiotensin II-induced human aortic smooth muscle cell migration through inhibition of ROS/IL-6 generation and matrix metalloproteinases-9 expression
In conclusion, CORM-2 inhibits Ang II-induced HASMCs migration through inactivation of suppression of NADPH oxidase/ROS generation, NF-κB inactivation and IL-6/MMP-9 expression. Thus, application of CO, especially CORM-2, is a potential countermeasure to reverse the pathological changes of various cardiovascular diseases. Further effects aimed at identifying novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances protective for heart and blood vessels that targeting CO and establishment of well-designed in vivo models properly evaluating the efficacy of these agents are needed. Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - March 10, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Gene Silencing of Selenoprotein K Induces Inflammatory Response and Activates Heat Shock Proteins Expression in Chicken Myoblasts.
Abstract In the present study, specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) for selenoprotein K (Selk) gene was designed and transfected into chicken myoblasts. Then, the expressions of inflammatory factors (including induced nitric oxide synthase [iNOS], nuclear factor-kappa B [NF-κB], heme-oxygenase-1 [HO-1], cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], and prostaglandin E synthase [PTGEs]), inflammation-related cytokines (including interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-17, and interferon [IFN]-γ), and heat shock proteins (HSPs) (including HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90) were examined at 24 and 72 h after transfection. Th...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 8, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Fan R, Yao H, Cao C, Zhao X, Khalid A, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Xu S Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research