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With All Eyes on BA.2, Here ’s What Experts Say Might Happen in the U.S.
For the last two years, the U.S. has been stuck in a cycle of COVID-19 case spikes and lulls. Cases rise dramatically, then drop off—and the process repeats. Several times, these surges have been preceded by rising case rates in Europe—such as before last year’s Delta wave and the start of last winter’s Omicron spike—which is why experts have been carefully monitoring a recent increase in cases there. More than 5.2 million COVID-19 infections were reported across Europe during the week ending March 20, according to World Health Organization data, and countries including the U.K. have also repo...
Source: TIME: Health - March 25, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jamie Ducharme Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 healthscienceclimate Source Type: news

With All Eyes on BA.2, Here ’ s What Experts Say Might Happen in the U.S.
For the last two years, the U.S. has been stuck in a cycle of COVID-19 case spikes and lulls. Cases rise dramatically, then drop off—and the process repeats. Several times, these surges have been preceded by rising case rates in Europe—such as before last year’s Delta wave and the start of last winter’s Omicron spike—which is why experts have been carefully monitoring a recent increase in cases there. More than 5.2 million COVID-19 infections were reported across Europe during the week ending March 20, according to World Health Organization data, and countries including the U.K. have also repo...
Source: TIME: Health - March 25, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jamie Ducharme Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 healthscienceclimate Source Type: news

Intravenous regional anesthesia.
Abstract OBJECTIVE: Intravenous regional anesthesia. INDICATIONS: Short duration hand operations. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Open wounds, lengthy operations, local infections, polyneuropathy, Raynaud syndrome, allergy to local anesthetics. TECHNIQUE: Insertion of an intravenous cannula, attachment of a double lumen cuff, Esmarch's tourniquet, injection of the local anesthetic, stepwise pumping up the tourniquet, surgery, stepwise removal of the tourniquet. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Postoperative monitoring of the patient after the end of anesthesia. RESULTS: Over a time period of 2 years (January...
Source: Operative Orthopadie und Traumatologie - August 28, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tezval M, Spering C Tags: Oper Orthop Traumatol Source Type: research

How A Nurse With a Hole in Her Skull Changed The Medical History of Migraines
The following is adapted from an excerpt from social and medical historian Katherine Foxhall’s new book, Migraine: A History, published by Johns Hopkins University Press, and out June 18, 2019. In 1936, Alfred Goltman, a physician from Tennessee, reported on one of his cases in the prominent medical journal Allergy. The patient was a 26-year-old woman with a history of headaches, nausea, and vomiting since childhood. Goltman believed the observations he had made on this patient helped reveal the pathological physiology of migraine. He had first met the woman, a registered nurse, in 1931. He recorded that for as lon...
Source: TIME: Health - June 18, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Katherine Foxhall Tags: Uncategorized Headache History Migraine Source Type: news

The Transcriptome of the Salivary Glands of Amblyomma aureolatum Reveals the Antimicrobial Peptide Microplusin as an Important Factor for the Tick Protection Against Rickettsia rickettsii Infection
Conclusion In conclusion, our data show that R. rickettsii exerts a modulatory effect on the transcriptional profile the SG of A. aureolatum. Moreover, RNAi experiments demonstrated that the knockdown of one microplusin increases the susceptibility of ticks to infection, suggesting that this is one important factor for the control of R. rickettsii. The functional characterization of the additional CDSs modulated by infection is warranted and might reveal other factors that interfere with the acquisition and/or transmission of this tick-borne pathogen. Ethics Statement All procedures involving vertebrate animals were car...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 2, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Markers of Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity in Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Using Exhaled Breath Analysis
Conclusion In this study, after daily HBOT for 6 days, we identified 11 VOCs which could be divided into two PCs. PC1 (inflammation) showed no significant changes over time, PC2 (methyl alkanes) was significantly reduced after daily exposure for 5 days, to approximately 60% after 2 days’ rest. This suggests that daily HBOT does not induce cumulative damage to the pulmonary system of healthy volunteers, but triggers an adaptive response. Additional studies including more treatment sessions, and perhaps additional systemic parameters on radical oxygen scavengers and inflammatory markers, are necessary to substantiate...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Th2-TRMs Maintain Life-Long Allergic Memory in Experimental Asthma in Mice
This study was carried out in strict accordance with the guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals of the Austrian Ministry of Science. The protocol was approved by the Committee on the Ethics of the Austrian Ministry of Science (Number: GZ: 66.009/0330-II/3b/2013). All painful procedures were performed under anesthesia, and all efforts were made to minimize suffering. Author Contributions BB designed and performed experiments, analyzed the samples and contributed to the manuscript preparation. SK designed and performed experiments, analyzed the samples and contributed to the manuscript preparation. LA perfor...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Redundant in Experimental Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
In this study, we sought to further characterize ILC2s in the kidney, their location within this organ and determine their functional role in IRI using a loss-of-function approach. Here, we found that kidney ILC2s constitutively express IL-5 and are primarily located in close proximity to the renal vasculature, within the adventitia. Additionally, we demonstrate that a reduction, deficiency or depletion of ILC2s had minimal impact on the severity of IRI. Whilst activation of ILC2s and the associated amplification of local type 2 immunity has been previously shown to reduce the deleterious consequences of AKI, our results r...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

ALCAM Mediates DC Migration Through Afferent Lymphatics and Promotes Allospecific Immune Reactions
In conclusion, our findings identify ALCAM as a novel therapeutic target for preventing corneal allograft rejection in high-risk patient populations. Moreover, given the documented contribution of ALCAM to (lymph)angiogenesis, DC migration, and T cell activation, ALCAM blockade might represent a therapeutic strategy for treating other immune-mediated inflammatory conditions, such as solid organ transplant rejection, allergy or autoimmune diseases. Experimental Procedures Cloning, Expression, and Purification of I/F8-Fc and KSF-Fc For cloning of I/F8-Fc and KSF-Fc the respective scFv sequence was amplified from previousl...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 11, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Antidepressant Mirtazapine Inhibits Hepatic Innate Immune Networks to Attenuate Immune-Mediated Liver Injury in Mice
Conclusion: Our data suggest that mirtazapine can attenuate hepatic innate immune responses that critically regulate the subsequent development of autoimmune liver injury. Therefore, given that it is a safe and widely used medication, mirtazapine may represent a novel therapeutic approach to autoimmune liver disease. Introduction Classically, autoimmune disease was considered a disorder of adaptive immunity (1). However, early innate immune responses are clearly important for driving subsequent adaptive immune responses in autoimmunity. In numerous autoimmune disease models, activation of resident tissue macrophages,...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 11, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Study of Dried Ginger and Linggan Wuwei Jiangxin Decoction Treatment of Cold Asthma Rats Using GC –MS Based Metabolomics
Conclusion In this study, serum and urine metabolites identified by GC–MS and general pharmacodynamic evaluation (morphological observation, histopathology, inflammatory factors, and visceral indices) were used to compare the effects of GJ and LGWWJX decoctions on cold asthma. Significant metabolic abnormalities were observed for 37 metabolites (15 in serum, 22 in urine) in rats with cold asthma. These altered metabolites might be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets during development of cold asthma. Furthermore, pathway analysis demonstrated that pathways associated with energy metabolism and oxidative str...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Local infiltration anaesthesia versus sciatic nerve and adductor canal block for fast-track knee arthroplasty: A randomised controlled clinical trial
BACKGROUND Local infiltration anaesthesia (LIA) was introduced as an innovative analgesic procedure for enhanced recovery after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, LIA has never been compared with analgesia based on an adductor canal catheter and a single-shot sciatic nerve block. OBJECTIVE To evaluate two analgesic regimens for TKA comparing mobility, postoperative pain and patient satisfaction. DESIGN Two-group randomised, controlled clinical trial. SETTING Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Germany between April and August 2017. PATIENTS Adults undergoing primary TKA u...
Source: European Journal of Anaesthesiology - March 4, 2019 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Loco-regional anaesthesia Source Type: research

Spinal anaesthesia with chloroprocaine 1% versus total intravenous anaesthesia for outpatient knee arthroscopy: A randomised controlled trial
CONCLUSION Spinal anaesthesia with 40-mg CP 1% leads to a significantly earlier discharge and is cheaper compared with general. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register, www.drks.de, identifier: DRKS00005989.
Source: European Journal of Anaesthesiology - September 10, 2018 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Locoregional anaesthesia Source Type: research

Maternal Exposure of BALB/c Mice to Indoor NO2 and Allergic Asthma Syndrome in Offspring at Adulthood with Evaluation of DNA Methylation Associated Th2 Polarization
Conclusions: Maternal exposure to indoor environmental NO2 causes allergic asthma-related consequences in offspring absent any subsequent lung provocation and potentiates the symptoms of allergic asthma in adult offspring following postnatal allergic sensitization and challenge; this response is associated with the Th2-based immune response and DNA methylation of the IL4 gene. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP685 Received: 19 June 2016 Revised: 07 June 2017 Accepted: 19 June 2017 Published: 13 September 2017 Address correspondence to N. Sang, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P...
Source: EHP Research - September 13, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Effects of Coal Fly Ash Particulate Matter on the Antimicrobial Activity of Airway Surface Liquid
Conclusion: We propose that when CFA arrives at the airway, it rapidly adsorbs AMPs and creates negative complexes, thereby decreasing the functional amount of AMPs capable of killing pathogens. These results provide a novel translational insight into an early mechanism for how ambient PM increases the susceptibility of the airways to bacterial infection. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP876 Received: 27 July 2016 Revised: 30 December 2016 Accepted: 19 January 2017 Published: 05 July 2017 Address correspondence to A. P. Comellas, 6312 Pappajohn Biomedical Discovery Building. Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa, USA, 52242; Teleph...
Source: EHP Research - July 6, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research