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Janssen and Global Partners to Discontinue Phase 3 Mosaico HIV Vaccine Clinical Trial
LEIDEN, THE NETHERLANDS, (January 18, 2023) – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, together with a consortium of global partners, today announced the results of an independent, scheduled data review of the Phase 3 Mosaico study (also known as HPX3002/HVTN706) of Janssen’s investigational HIV vaccine regimen. The study’s independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) determined that the regimen was not effective in preventing HIV infection compared to placebo among study participants. No safety issues with the vaccine regimen were identified.In light of the DSMB’s determination, the Mo...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - January 18, 2023 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Latest News Source Type: news

News at a glance: New gene therapy, Europe ’s drought, and a black hole’s photon ring
ARCHAEOLOGY Drought exposes ‘Spanish Stonehenge’ for study Scientists are rushing to examine a 7000-year-old stone circle in central Spain that had been drowned by a reservoir for decades and was uncovered after the drought plaguing Europe lowered water levels. Nicknamed the “Spanish Stonehenge”—although 2000 years older than the U.K. stone circle—the Dolmen of Guadalperal (above) was described by archaeologists in the 1920s. The approximately 100 standing stones, up to 1.8 meters tall and arranged around an oval open space, were submerged in the Valdecañas reservoir after the construction of a ...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - August 25, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

What We Learned About Genetic Sequencing During COVID-19 Could Revolutionize Public Health
You don’t want to be a virus in Dr. David Ho’s lab. Pretty much every day since the COVID-19 pandemic began, Ho and his team have done nothing but find ways to stress SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the disease. His goal: pressure the virus relentlessly enough that it mutates to survive, so drug developers can understand how the virus might respond to new treatments. As a virologist with decades of experience learning about another obstinate virus, HIV, Ho knows just how to apply that mutation-generating stress, whether by starving the virus, bathing it in antibodies that disrupt its ability to infect cells, ...
Source: TIME: Health - June 11, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 feature Genetics Magazine Source Type: news

Yellow Fever Vaccine in 435 Egg Allergic Children During 2018-2019 Yellow Fever Epidemic in Brazil
During the 2018-2019 Yellow fever (YF) epidemic in Brazil there was an urgent need for vaccination in egg allergic children
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 1, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wilson Rocha, Fernanda Lopes, Livia Oliviera Source Type: research

The Great Vaccine Race: Inside the Unprecedented Scramble to Immunize the World Against COVID-19
The cleverest of enemies thrive on surprise attacks. Viruses—and coronaviruses in particular—know this well. Remaining hidden in animal hosts for decades, they mutate steadily, sometimes serendipitously morphing into more effective and efficient infectious agents. When a strain with just the right combination of genetic codes that spell trouble for people makes the leap from animal to human, the ambush begins. Such was the case with SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus behind COVID-19, and the attack was mostly silent and insidious at first. Many people infected with SARS-CoV-2 remained oblivious as they served as the v...
Source: TIME: Health - September 10, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Magazine Source Type: news

Risk of Zika virus transmission from mother to unborn child much higher than expected
FINDINGSAccording to a new study by UCLA researchers and colleagues conducted in Brazil, 65% of children born to mothers infected withthe Zikavirusalsotested positive for the mosquito-borneinfection— a much higher rate than expected.The findings indicatethat even babies whohave no outward neurological or other symptoms associated with Zika can still be infected with the virus andare potentially at risk offuturedevelopmental problems.  BACKGROUNDThe study representsthe first time that the mother-to-child transmission rate of Zika has been reportedfor a group of children who were tracked over several years — including f...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 27, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Insights Into Dolphins' Immunology: Immuno-Phenotypic Study on Mediterranean and Atlantic Stranded Cetaceans
This study was aimed at implementing the knowledge on the immune response in cetaceans stranded along the Italian coastline to provide a baseline useful for assessing the immune status of bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) and striped (Stenella coeruleoalba) dolphins. In particular, since the Mediterranean Sea is considered a heavily polluted basin, a comparison with animals living in open waters such as the Atlantic Ocean was made. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded spleen, thymus, and lymph node tissues from 16 animals stranded along Italian and 11 cetaceans from the Canary Island shores were sampled within 48 h from death. ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Human Upper Respiratory Tract Epithelium Is Susceptible to Flaviviruses
In this study, we exposed apically well-differentiated human NECs cultured at the ALI to the related flaviviruses ZIKV, JEV, WNV, and Usutu virus (USUV). We selected these viruses due to the recent increasing evidences of potential threat to humans (Cadar et al., 2017; Simonin et al., 2018). We show that NECs are particularly susceptible to JEV and WNV infection and to other flaviviruses included in this study. Infection with each virus led to shedding of infectious virus particles through the apical and basolateral surfaces and triggered host mechanisms at the level of inflammatory and antiviral mediators....
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Yellow Fever Vaccine (YFV) for Patients with Egg Allergy: Protocol Proposal.
The current yellow fever epidemic in Brazil has already 1,266 confirmed cases and 415 deaths by 2018-July. Vaccination is the most effective measure of protection against this disease. However, YFV shows ovalbumin levels (>2 μg/ml) not considered safe for patients with egg allergy (EA). Our objective was to describe the vaccination protocol using the Brazilian YFV in EA patients attended in a Reference Allergy Center and to relate the YFV skin tests (ST) to the clinical manifestations reported.
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 1, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Barbara Luiza B Cancado, Carolina S. Aranda, Alessandra R. Souza, Lily Y. Weckx, Marcia C. Mallozi, Dirceu Sole Source Type: research

Study: 15 percent of babies exposed to Zika before birth had severe abnormalities in first 18 months of life
This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health ’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and National Eye Institute, the Thrasher Research Fund, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenges Explorations, and grants from government agencies and other funders in Brazil.
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - December 12, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

A Full-Length Infectious cDNA Clone of Zika Virus from the 2015 Epidemic in Brazil as a Genetic Platform for Studies of Virus-Host Interactions and Vaccine Development
An arthropod-borne virus, Zika virus (ZIKV), has recently emerged as a major human pathogen. Associated with complications during perinatal development and Guillain-Barr é syndrome in adults, ZIKV raises new challenges for understanding the molecular determinants of flavivirus pathogenesis. This underscores the necessity for the development of a reverse genetic system based on an epidemic ZIKV strain. This technology relates to the generation and characterization in cell cultures of an infectious cDNA clone of ZIKV isolated from the 2015 epidemic in Brazil. The cDNA-derived ZIKV replicated efficiently in a variety of cell...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - April 10, 2017 Category: Research Authors: ott-admin Source Type: research

Unveiling of HIV dynamics among transgender women: a respondent-driven sampling study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Publication date: Available online 8 February 2017 Source:The Lancet HIV Author(s): Beatriz Grinsztejn, Emilia M Jalil, Laylla Monteiro, Luciane Velasque, Ronaldo I Moreira, Ana Cristina F Garcia, Cristiane V Castro, Alícia Krüger, Paula M Luz, Albert Y Liu, Willi McFarland, Susan Buchbinder, Valdilea G Veloso, Erin C Wilson Background The burden of HIV in transgender women (transwomen) in Brazil remains unknown. We aimed to estimate HIV prevalence among transwomen in Rio de Janeiro and to identify predictors of newly diagnosed HIV infections. Methods We recruited transwomen from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, by respondent-dr...
Source: The Lancet HIV - February 7, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research