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Safety, Feasibility, and Efficacy of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper-Limb Rehabilitation After Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— This study suggests that VNS paired with rehabilitation is feasible and has not raised safety concerns. Additional studies of VNS in adults with chronic stroke will now be performed. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01669161.
Source: Stroke - December 28, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Dawson, J., Pierce, D., Dixit, A., Kimberley, T. J., Robertson, M., Tarver, B., Hilmi, O., McLean, J., Forbes, K., Kilgard, M. P., Rennaker, R. L., Cramer, S. C., Walters, M., Engineer, N. Tags: Exercise, Rehabilitation, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Vagus Nerve Stimulation Enhances Stable Plasticity and Generalization of Stroke Recovery Basic Sciences
Conclusions—This study provides the first evidence that VNS paired with rehabilitative training after stroke (1) doubles long-lasting recovery on a complex task involving forelimb supination, (2) doubles recovery on a simple motor task that was not paired with VNS, and (3) enhances structural plasticity in motor networks.
Source: Stroke - February 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Eric C. Meyers, Bleyda R. Solorzano, Justin James, Patrick D. Ganzer, Elaine S. Lai, Robert L. Rennaker II, Michael P. Kilgard, Seth A. Hays Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Rehabilitation, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Central Noradrenergic Agonists in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke —an Overview
AbstractIschemic stroke is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality with a significant health burden worldwide and few treatment options. Among the short- and long-term effects of ischemic stroke is the cardiovascular sympathetic autonomic dysfunction, presented in part as the by-product of the ischemic damage to the noradrenergic centers of the brain. Unlike high levels in the plasma, the brain may face suboptimal levels of norepinephrine (NE), with adverse effects on the clinical and functional outcomes of ischemic stroke. The intravenous administration of NE and other sympathomimetic agents, in an attempt to increas...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 19, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Optimizing Dosing of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Stroke Recovery
AbstractVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitative training enhances recovery of function in models of stroke and is currently under investigation for use in chronic stroke patients. Dosing is critical in translation of pharmacological therapies, but electrical stimulation therapies often fail to comprehensively explore dosing parameters in preclinical studies. Varying VNS parameters has non-monotonic effects on plasticity in the central nervous system, which may directly impact efficacy for stroke. We sought to optimize stimulation intensity to maximize recovery of motor function in a model of ischemic strok...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 24, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Vagus Nerve Stimulation During Rehabilitative Training Improves Functional Recovery After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Brief Reports
Conclusions— VNS paired with rehabilitative training confers significantly improved forelimb recovery after ICH compared to rehabilitative training without VNS.
Source: Stroke - September 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Hays, S. A., Khodaparast, N., Hulsey, D. R., Ruiz, A., Sloan, A. M., Rennaker, R. L., Kilgard, M. P. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Exercise/exercise testing/rehabilitation, Other Treatment, Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage, Other Stroke Treatment - Surgical Brief Reports Source Type: research

Vagus nerve stimulation mediates microglia M1/2 polarization via inhibition of TLR4 pathway after ischemic stroke
In this study, we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham, ischemic stroke, ischemic stroke + VNS, ischemic stroke + VNS + lentivirus (LV)-TLR4 and ischemic stroke + VNS + LV-CON groups. LV was injected into the lateral ventricles of the rats 14 days before ischemic stroke surgery, and VNS was administered after 30 min of occlusion. We assessed the infarct volume, neurological scores, the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB protein level and microglia polarization after 3 days of reperfusion. Our results revealed that VNS can promote M2 microglia polarization and inhibit M1 micr...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - September 10, 2021 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liping Zhang Yilin Liu Sanrong Wang Lu Long Qianwen Zang Jingxi Ma Lehua Yu Gongwei Jia Source Type: research

Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and stroke.
Abstract Stroke is devastating cerebrovascular event which is responsible for 6.7 million deaths each year worldwide. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of stroke. Targeting inflammation after stroke is highly actual topic for both experimental and clinical research. Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CHAIP) is a physiological mechanism by which central nervous system regulates immune response and controls inflammation. Vagus nerve, spleen and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) are the main components of CHAIP. Targeting cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is a promisin...
Source: Current Drug Delivery - January 31, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Duris K, Lipkova J, Jurajda M Tags: Curr Drug Deliv Source Type: research

Effect and Safety of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Recovery of Upper Limb Motor Function in Subacute Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Pilot Study.
Conclusions: This study revealed that taVNS appeared to be beneficial to the recovery of upper limb motor function in subacute ischemia stroke patients without obvious adverse effects. Trial registration. This trial is registered with ChiCTR1800019635 on 20 November 2018 (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=32961). PMID: 32802039 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neural Plasticity - August 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Wu D, Ma J, Zhang L, Wang S, Tan B, Jia G Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Vagus nerve stimulation as a promising adjunctive treatment for ischemic stroke
Publication date: Available online 21 August 2019Source: Neurochemistry InternationalAuthor(s): Jingxi Ma, Peifeng Qiao, Qin Li, Yangyang Wang, Lan Zhang, Liang-Jun Yan, Zhiyou CaiAbstractThe Food and Drug Administration has approved vagus-nerve stimulation (VNS) for the treatment of patients with epilepsy, depression, and headache. By targeting diverse neuroprotective and neuroplasticity pathways, VNS has the potential to be expanded as a treatment for ischemic stroke. VNS has been found to attenuate infarct volume, reduce neurological deficits, and improve memory and cognition in rats with stroke injuries. Some pilot stu...
Source: Neurochemistry International - August 22, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Vagus nerve stimulation during rehabilitative training improves forelimb strength following ischemic stroke.
Abstract Upper limb impairment is a common debilitating consequence of ischemic stroke. Physical rehabilitation after stroke enhances neuroplasticity and improves limb function, but does not typically restore normal movement. We have recently developed a novel method that uses vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with forelimb movements to drive specific, long-lasting map plasticity in rat primary motor cortex. Here we report that VNS paired with rehabilitative training can enhance recovery of forelimb force generation following infarction of primary motor cortex in rats. Quantitative measures of forelimb function...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - August 15, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Khodaparast N, Hays SA, Sloan AM, Hulsey DR, Ruiz A, Pantoja M, Rennaker RL, Kilgard MP Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Vagus nerve stimulation during rehabilitative training enhances recovery of forelimb function after ischemic stroke in aged rats.
Abstract Advanced age is associated with a higher incidence of stroke and worse functional outcomes. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitative training has emerged as a potential method to improve recovery after brain injury but to date has only been evaluated in young rats. Here, we evaluated whether VNS paired with rehabilitative training would improve recovery of forelimb function after ischemic lesion of the motor cortex in rats 18 months of age. Rats were trained to perform the isometric pull task, an automated, quantitative measure of volitional forelimb strength. Once proficient, rats receiv...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - June 4, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hays SA, Ruiz A, Bethea T, Khodaparast N, Carmel JB, Rennaker RL, Kilgard MP Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: research

Vagus Nerve Stimulation During Rehabilitative Training Improves Forelimb Recovery After Chronic Ischemic Stroke in Rats
Conclusion. VNS paired with rehabilitative training confers significantly greater recovery of forelimb function after chronic ischemic stroke in rats.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - July 10, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Khodaparast, N., Kilgard, M. P., Casavant, R., Ruiz, A., Qureshi, I., Ganzer, P. D., Rennaker, R. L., Hays, S. A. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

VNS With Upper Limb Rehabilitation After Chronic Stroke VNS With Upper Limb Rehabilitation After Chronic Stroke
Is vagus nerve stimulation a useful adjunct to standard rehabilitation for improving arm function after chronic ischemic stroke?Stroke
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - November 19, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Neurology & Neurosurgery Journal Article Source Type: news

Vagus nerve stimulation for upper limb motor impairment after ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis
Background: Upper limb motor impairment is a common complication following stroke. Although few treatments are used to enhance motor function, still approximately 60% of survivors are left with upper limb motor impairment. Several studies have investigated vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) as a potential technique for upper limb function. However, the efficacy and safety of VNS on upper limb motor function after ischemic stroke have not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trial will be conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of VNS on upper limb motor function aft...
Source: Medicine - November 19, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Source Type: research

α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist improved brain injury and impaired glucose metabolism in a rat model of ischemic stroke
AbstractVagus nerve stimulation through the action of acetylcholine can modulate inflammatory responses and metabolism. α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (α7nAChR) is a key component in the biological functions of acetylcholine. To further explore the health benefits of vagus nerve stimulation, this study aimed to investigate whether α7nAChR agonists offer beneficial effects against poststroke inflammatory and m etabolic changes and to identify the underlying mechanisms in a rat model of stroke established by permanent cerebral ischemia. We found evidence showing that pretreatment with α7nAChR agonist, GTS-21, improv...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - January 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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