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Condition: Obesity
Infectious Disease: Epidemics

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Total 151 results found since Jan 2013.

Ischemic stroke, obesity, and the anti ‐inflammatory role of melatonin
AbstractObesity is a predominant risk factor in ischemic stroke and is commonly comorbid with it. Pathologies following these conditions are associated with systemic and local inflammation. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that the susceptibility for ischemic brain damage increases substantially in experimental models of ischemic stroke with concomitant obesity. Herein, we explore the proinflammatory events that occur during ischemic stroke and obesity, and we discuss the influence of obesity on the inflammatory response and cerebral damage outcomes in experimental models of brain ischemia. In addition, because melat...
Source: BioFactors - February 10, 2021 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nuttapong Yawoot, Piyarat Govitrapong, Chainarong Tocharus, Jiraporn Tocharus Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Obesity and Aging: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.
Abstract The epidemic of obesity is a major challenge for health policymakers due to its far-reaching effects on population health and potentially overwhelming financial burden on healthcare systems. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing acute and chronic diseases, including hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Interestingly, the metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity is similar to that observed in normal aging, and substantial evidence suggests the potential of obesity to accelerate aging. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of...
Source: Ageing Research Reviews - February 5, 2021 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Santos AL, Sinha S Tags: Ageing Res Rev Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 21, Pages 424: Photoacoustic Imaging of Human Vasculature Using LED versus Laser Illumination: A Comparison Study on Tissue Phantoms and In Vivo Humans
Kothapalli Vascular diseases are becoming an epidemic with an increasing aging population and increases in obesity and type II diabetes. Point-of-care (POC) diagnosis and monitoring of vascular diseases is an unmet medical need. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) provides label-free multiparametric information of deep vasculature based on strong absorption of light photons by hemoglobin molecules. However, conventional PAI systems use bulky nanosecond lasers which hinders POC applications. Recently, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have emerged as cost-effective and portable optical sources for the PAI of living subjects. Howev...
Source: Sensors - January 9, 2021 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Agrawal Kuniyil Ajith Singh Johnstonbaugh Han Pameijer Kothapalli Tags: Article Source Type: research

Food as Prevention – Rising to Nutritional Challenges
Mothers and their children gather at a community nutrition centre in the little village of Rantolava, Madagascar, to learn more about a healthy diet. Credit: Alain Rakotondravony/IPSBy Gabriele RiccardiNAPLES, Italy, Nov 25 2020 (IPS) The risks factors contributing to the dramatic rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in recent decades have been known for a long time but the Covid-19 pandemic has brutally exposed our collective failure to deal with them. Reporting on the findings of the latest Global Burden of Disease Study, The Lancet warns of a “perfect storm” created by the interaction of the highly infectious C...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - November 25, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Gabriele Riccardi Tags: Development & Aid Economy & Trade Featured Food Security and Nutrition Food Sustainability Global Headlines Health Humanitarian Emergencies Inequity Poverty & SDGs TerraViva United Nations Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition Foun Source Type: news

Ischemic stroke, obesity, and the anti ‐inflammatory role of melatonin
AbstractObesity is a predominant risk factor in ischemic stroke and is commonly comorbid with it. Pathologies following these conditions are associated with systemic and local inflammation. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that the susceptibility for ischemic brain damage increases substantially in experimental models of ischemic stroke with concomitant obesity. Herein, we explore the proinflammatory events that occur during ischemic stroke and obesity, and we discuss the influence of obesity on the inflammatory response and cerebral damage outcomes in experimental models of brain ischemia. In addition, because melat...
Source: BioFactors - November 2, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nuttapong Yawoot, Piyarat Govitrapong, Chainarong Tocharus, Jiraporn Tocharus Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Implications in Idiopathic and Syndromic Obesity in Childhood: An Update
Childhood obesity is a modern worldwide epidemic with significant burden for health. It is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, stroke, and insulin resistance. Many obese adolescents remain obese into adulthood, with increased morbidity and mortality. As childhood obesity is a risk factor for adult obesity, the childhood obesity-related disorders account for an increased risk of cardiovascular consequences in adults, in addition to the effects already exerted by the fat mass in adulthood. Several papers have already described the cardiovascula...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - June 8, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Our Diets Are Changing Because of the Coronavirus Pandemic. Is It for the Better?
The coronavirus pandemic has changed a lot about modern American life: how we work, socialize, and even how we eat. Dining out is a distant memory. But nutritionally, people weren’t exactly thriving in pre-pandemic America. “Before COVID-19 came along, it was increasingly clear that the diet quality and nutritional status of Americans was terrible,” says Dr. Walter Willett, professor of epidemiology and nutrition at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. More than 40% of U.S. adults are obese. After years of declines, heart disease death rates are on the rise again. So are rates of obesity-linked canc...
Source: TIME: Health - April 28, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Mandy Oaklander Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

Atrial fibrillation for internists: current practice.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) has become a global epidemic and puts affected patients at high risk of adverse events. In this review we summarise the current evidence on risk factors and complications of AF, describe current treatment strategies, and outline new fields of research. Current evidence shows that hypertension and obesity are the two most important modifiable risk factors for the development of AF. Patients with AF face an increased stroke risk. Oral anticoagulation reduces this risk substantially. Mainly for reasons of safety and ease of use, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are prefer...
Source: Swiss Medical Weekly - March 8, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Meyre P, Conen D, Osswald S, Kühne M, Meyer-Zürn C Tags: Swiss Med Wkly Source Type: research

Don ’t be Caught Half-dressed When Working with Radiation
AbstractA typical 2-piece personal protective equipment apron covers only half the body. However, with radiation exposure there is evidence of the following: (1) Left-sided head exposure estimates equal to 100,000 chest X-rays over a 20-year career, (2) direct linear relationship between stroke and concentration of dose, (3) increases in ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction, (4) accelerated aging processes, and (5) increased double-stranded DNA breaks in circulating lymphocytes when lower legs are exposed. Every exposure to ionizing radiation involves a health risk that accumulates. Interventionalists are treat...
Source: CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology - December 15, 2019 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

The Role of Physical Therapists in Fighting the Type 2 Diabetic Epidemic.
This report 1) describes the diabetes epidemic and the health impact of diabetes and diabetes-related complications, 2) highlights the physical therapist's role as front-line provider, and 3) provides recommendations for physical therapists in screening for diabetes risk factors and diabetes-related complications and considerations for patient management. We focus on type 2 diabetes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 28 Nov 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.9154. PMID: 31775555 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Physical Therapy - November 27, 2019 Category: Physiotherapy Authors: Harris-Hayes M, Schootman M, Schootman JC, Hastings MK Tags: J Orthop Sports Phys Ther Source Type: research

A Brief Review of Cardiovascular Diseases, Associated Risk Factors and Current Treatment Regimes.
Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature death and disability in humans and their incidence is on the rise globally. Given their substantial contribution towards the escalating costs of health care, they also generate a high socio-economic burden in the general population. The underlying pathogenesis and progression associated with nearly all CVDs is predominantly of atherosclerotic origin that leads to the development of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, venous thromboembolism and, peripheral vascular disease, subsequently causing myocardial infarction, cardiac ar...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - September 24, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Flora GD, Nayak MK Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Heart disease progress is slowing or stalling, study says. Obesity is likely to blame.
Death rates from heart disease, diabetes and stroke have been decreasing, but the rates are not decreasing as much as they once were — amplifying concerns that the obesity epidemic is undoing progress in the fight for heart health.
Source: Washington Post: To Your Health - August 27, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Lindsey Bever Source Type: news

Impaired Activity of Ryanodine Receptors Contributes to Calcium Mishandling in Cardiomyocytes of Metabolic Syndrome Rats
Conclusion Principal findings of this work are that abnormal Ca2+ transient amplitude, contractile dysfunction; and impaired relaxation of MetS cardiomyocytes underlies intrinsic dysfunctional RyR2 and SERCA pump. Abnormal activity of RyRs was evidenced by its decreased ability to bind [3H]-ryanodine. Although the MetS condition does not modify RyR2 protein expression, its phosphorylation at Ser2814 is decreased, which impairs its capacity for activation during ECC. The dysfunctional RyRs, together with a decreased activity of SERCA pump due to decreased Thr17-PLN phosphorylation suggest a downregulation of CaMKII in MetS...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research