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Environmental Pollution: An Under-recognized Threat to Children’s Health, Especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Conclusions Patterns of disease are changing rapidly in LMICs. Pollution-related chronic diseases are becoming more common. This shift presents a particular problem for children, who are proportionately more heavily exposed than are adults to environmental pollutants and for whom these exposures are especially dangerous. Better quantification of environmental exposures and stepped-up efforts to understand how to prevent exposures that cause disease are needed in LMICs and around the globe. To confront the global problem of disease caused by pollution, improved programs of public health monitoring and environmental protecti...
Source: EHP Research - March 1, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Brief Communication March 2016 Source Type: research

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 β helps heart to pump better in obese patients
Obesity is a growing problem worldwide and is associated with a wide range of comorbidities such as type-2 diabetes (T2D), rheumatoid arthritis, cognitive impairment and dementia, hypertension, stroke and heart failure [1]. The global obesity pandemic affects all age groups. A recent study, based on body mass index (BMI) in over 68 million subjects from 195 countries, suggests that prevalence of metabolic diseases was increased in high BMI subjects globally in the past 20  years [2]. The increased BMI has been shown to be pathogenically related to several diseases including cardiovascular and stroke-related diseases [3].
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - March 23, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Suresh Kumar Verma Source Type: research

Evaluation of Central and Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study (P6.094)
Conclusion: Abnormal VEP may be due to structural damage to myelinated optic nerve fibres or retinal ganglion cells. Central neuropathy is very common in DM. It is related to duration of DM and not HbA1c unlike PNP which is related to both. Central neuropathy occurs even prior to development of retinopathy or PNP. Hence VEP is a non invasive and sensitive screening tool for early neurological involvement in DM.Disclosure: Dr. Eswaradass has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kalidoss has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Eswaradass, P. V., Kalidoss, R. Tags: Neuromuscular Disease Source Type: research

Diabetes, incretin hormones and cardioprotection
The diabetes pandemic In 2012 an estimated 371 million people had diabetes and of those about a half were undiagnosed. That number is set to expand to 552 million by 2030. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) constitutes 85–95% of all diabetes in high income nations and may account for an even greater proportion in their low and middle income counterparts (figure 1). As a global pandemic, diabetes claimed the lives of 4.8 million people in 2012, half of whom were below the age of 60 years.w1 The predominant cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes is cardiovascular disease, with at least a twofold excess risk of ...
Source: Heart - September 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Myat, A., Redwood, S. R., Gersh, B. J., Yellon, D. M., Marber, M. S. Tags: Diabetic heart disease, Education in Heart, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders Source Type: research

Bariatric Surgery: "Roux"-minating on Endothelial Cell and HDL Function.
Abstract Obesity, defined as a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2, is pandemic. Though prevalence in the United States has plateaued at ~31% of adults (78 million), worldwide obesity rates continue to rise(1). Perhaps more concerning is the high level of childhood obesity: 16.9% in US and ~13% (and rising) in developing countries(2). Why the alarm? Longitudinal studies of overweight or obese individuals have identified a 20 fold increase in risk for developing diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2D) and 1.5 fold increase risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure(3, 4). As ob...
Source: Circulation - February 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Brown JD Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

7 Ways to Permanently Banish Belly Fat
Sixty-nine percent of Americans adults are overweight, and over 35 percent are obese. Obesity increases your risk for numerous conditions including heart disease, stroke, Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cancer. Sadly, about 3.4 million adults die each year from being overweight or obese. Globally obesity now kills about the same as tobacco and all wars, terrorism and violence. Nearly all people who are overweight already have "pre-diabetes" and have significant risks of disease and death. They just don't know it. When you begin to put on weight, especially lethal belly fat, your biology shifts out of balance, v...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - February 27, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Sweet and brittle — Diabetes mellitus and the skeleton
Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has become a medical mass phenomenon in many parts of the world. Unrestricted access to a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet in combination with considerably higher energy uptake compared to expenditure has led to a pandemic of the metabolic syndrome and T2DM in many countries. Vascular complications resulting from T2DM include nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy as well as ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke.
Source: Bone - September 9, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Lorenz C. Hofbauer, Beata Lecka-Czernik, Markus J. Seibel Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Guidelines on the management and prevention of prediabetes.
Authors: Indonesian Diabetes Association Abstract Pandemic obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type-2 DM (T2DM) now has become a serious threat for people worldwide. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) suggests that the prevalence of DM in the world is 1.9% and it has made DM as the 7th leading cause of death worldwide. It has been estimated that the prevalence of diabetes between 1994 and 2010 was projected as much as 215.6 milion people; however an evaluation in 2007 revealed that the number of diabetic patients has reached 246 million people and it has been concerned that the number would in...
Source: Acta medica Indonesiana - December 11, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Acta Med Indones Source Type: research

The economic burden of physical inactivity: a global analysis of major non-communicable diseases
Publication date: Available online 28 July 2016 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Ding Ding, Kenny D Lawson, Tracy L Kolbe-Alexander, Eric A Finkelstein, Peter T Katzmarzyk, Willem van Mechelen, Michael Pratt Background The pandemic of physical inactivity is associated with a range of chronic diseases and early deaths. Despite the well documented disease burden, the economic burden of physical inactivity remains unquantified at the global level. A better understanding of the economic burden could help to inform resource prioritisation and motivate efforts to increase levels of physical activity worldwide. Methods Dire...
Source: The Lancet - July 27, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

One Hour of Exercise Can Offset Prolonged Sitting
A typical day for many people includes at least 8 hours of sitting - driving to work, sitting in an office, driving home, and watching TV. An international study of more than 1 million people shows that one hour of moderate physical activity can eliminate the health risks associated with sedentary behavior. The study forms the first part of a four-paper series published by The Lancet that provides an overview and update of worldwide trends of physical activity and the global impact of physical inactivity. The first series observing physical activity was released in 2012 ahead of the Summer Olympic Games. The study autho...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - July 29, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Mechanism of bariatric and metabolic surgery: beyond surgeons, gastroenterologists and endocrinologists.
Authors: Valentí V, Cienfuegos JA, Becerril Mañas S, Frühbeck G Abstract Bariatric-metabolic surgery is the safest, most effective and long-lasting treatment for obesity and its associated co-morbidities, whether they be metabolic (type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) or cardiovascular (myocardial infarction, stroke). Due to the obesity pandemic, bariatric-metabolic surgery is the second most frequent intra-abdominal procedure and the gastroenterologist and the surgeon must be aware of the physiologic changes caused by the anatomic reconfiguration following surgery. Among the mechan...
Source: Revista Espanola de Enfermedades Digestivas - February 23, 2020 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Rev Esp Enferm Dig Source Type: research

Our Diets Are Changing Because of the Coronavirus Pandemic. Is It for the Better?
The coronavirus pandemic has changed a lot about modern American life: how we work, socialize, and even how we eat. Dining out is a distant memory. But nutritionally, people weren’t exactly thriving in pre-pandemic America. “Before COVID-19 came along, it was increasingly clear that the diet quality and nutritional status of Americans was terrible,” says Dr. Walter Willett, professor of epidemiology and nutrition at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. More than 40% of U.S. adults are obese. After years of declines, heart disease death rates are on the rise again. So are rates of obesity-linked canc...
Source: TIME: Health - April 28, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Mandy Oaklander Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

Meta-analysis Assessing the Effect of Sodium-glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitors on Left Ventricular Mass in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has evolved as a pandemic of the 21st century, while cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects almost one third of patients and represents the cause of death in more than half cases, with coronary artery disease, heart failure (HF) and stroke being the main contributors.1 Hallmark cardiovascular outcome trials published during the last five years have established a novel class of antidiabetics, namely sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors as a primary treatment option in patients with HF, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or chronic kidney disease (CKD), along with the ...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - August 6, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dimitrios Patoulias, Christodoulos Papadopoulos, Alexandra Katsimardou, Maria-Styliani Kalogirou, Michael Doumas Source Type: research

PNR Weekly Digest: April 6, 2021
Items regarding COVID-19 information are indicated with an * In the Dragonfly: Understanding End-of-Life Matters Whether your focus of concern is on a family member or yourself, this April the NNLM Reading Club suggests three books that may help with your understanding of end-of-life matters and those conversations you probably have been putting off…read the post to see the book selections Professional Development: NNLM CE Opportunities: NNLM offers training on a variety of topics related to health information. A complete listing of NNLM educational opportunities is available. Please note you need to create an NNLM accou...
Source: Dragonfly - April 6, 2021 Category: Databases & Libraries Authors: Carolyn Martin Tags: PNR Weekly Digest Source Type: news

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