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Total 532 results found since Jan 2013.

Estimating the effect of differing assumptions on the population health impact of introducing a Reduced Risk Tobacco Product in the USA.
Abstract We use Population Health Impact Modelling to assess effects on tobacco prevalence and mortality of introducing a Reduced Risk Tobacco Product (RRP). Simulated samples start in 1990 with a US-representative smoking prevalence. Individual tobacco histories are updated annually until 2010 using estimated probabilities of switching between never/current/former smoking where the RRP is not introduced, with current users subdivided into cigarette/RRP/dual users where it is. RRP-related mortality reductions from lung cancer, IHD, stroke and COPD are derived from the histories and the assumed relative risks of th...
Source: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP - June 23, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Lee PN, Fry JS, Hamling JF, Sponsiello-Wang Z, Baker G, Weitkunat R Tags: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol Source Type: research

Limb-Shaking Transient Ischemic Attack Induced by Middle Cerebral Artery Dissection after Lung Surgery
We report a case of limb-shaking transient ischemic attack (TIA) caused by a dissection of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) following lung surgery under general anesthesia. An 81-year-old male patient who underwent lobectomy for lung cancer suddenly developed transient shaking movements of the neck and the left upper distal limb on postoperative day 1. On the basis of the double-barrel appearance of the right M1 segment of the MCA, a diagnosis of MCA dissection was made. Physicians should be aware that limb-shaking TIA is sometimes caused by MCA dissection and could be precipitated by any condition, including lung surgery ...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Daisuke Taniguchi, Yutaka Oji, Yuji Ueno, Shunki Hirayama, Mariko Fukui, Nobukazu Miyamoto, Kazuo Yamashiro, Ryota Tanaka, Kenji Suzuki, Nobutaka Hattori Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 14, Pages 854: Treatment of Human Placental Choriocarcinoma Cells with Formaldehyde and Benzene Induced Growth and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition via Induction of an Antioxidant Effect
In this study, the effects of formaldehyde (FA) and benzene (Bz), the main components of CS, on cell proliferation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of JEG-3 human choriocarcinoma cells were examined to confirm the relationship between CS components and placenta carcinoma. Upon MTT assay, FA (10−8 M to 10−5 M) and Bz (10−11 M to 10−8 M) increased JEG-3 cell proliferation. Western blot assay revealed that the protein expression of cyclin D1 and E1 increased, while the levels of p21 and p27 were reduced following treatment. In Scratch assay, FA (10−8 M and 10−5 M) and Bz (10−11 M and 10−8 M) increas...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - July 29, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Hae-Miru Lee Soo-Min Kim Kyung-Chul Choi Tags: Article Source Type: research

Creating a lung adenocarcinoma canvas, one brush stroke at a time
In their carefully characterized large cohort of resected adenocarcinomas reported in this issue of the Journal, Takamochi and colleagues1 demonstrate that epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutations are associated with better prognoses and that subtypes of mutations are not. With nearly 1000 patients analyzed, the study serves as an important guidepost as we navigate treatment courses, weighing the relative importance of each genetic change —particularly driver mutations in lung cancer, both adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas.
Source: The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - July 22, 2017 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Sai Yendamuri Tags: Editorial commentary Source Type: research

Adherence to the 2015 Dutch dietary guidelines and risk of non-communicable diseases and mortality in the Rotterdam Study
AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the criterion validity of the 2015 food-based Dutch dietary guidelines, which were formulated based on evidence on the relation between diet and major chronic diseases. We studied 9701 participants of the Rotterdam Study, a population-based prospective cohort in individuals aged 45  years and over [median 64.1 years (95%-range 49.0–82.8)]. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline with a food-frequency questionnaire. For all participants, we examined adherence (yes/no) to fourteen items of the guidelines: vegetables (≥200 g/day), fruit (≥200 g/day), whole-grains (≥90  g/day), legumes...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - August 19, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Drug Aimed at Inflammation May Lower Risk of Heart Disease and Cancer
A milestone finding for researchers, the connection of inflammatory responses to such illnesses could open the door to new treatments.
Source: NYT Health - August 27, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: DENISE GRADY Tags: Brigham and Women's Hospital Lancet, The (Journal) Heart Lung Cancer Smoking and Tobacco Cholesterol Research Preventive Medicine Stroke Immune System Statins (Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs) Clinical Trials Methotrexate (Drug) Ridke Source Type: news

Predictors of the effectiveness of accreditation on hospital performance: A nationwide stepped-wedge study
ConclusionHospital characteristics were not found to be predictors for the effects of accreditation, whereas conditions and types of care to some extent predicted the effectiveness.
Source: International Journal for Quality in Health Care - May 2, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Nivolumab-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
A 47-year-old woman with metastatic, poorly differentiated lung cancer with neuroendocrine features was brought to the hospital after 4 days of nausea, vomiting, disorientation, and 1 generalized tonic clonic seizure. On examination, her blood pressure was 148/95 mm Hg, heart rate 95 bpm, and temperature 36.4°C. She was encephalopathic and had cortical blindness. She had no history of seizures or visual impairment. MRI brain without contrast showed changes consistent with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES; figure, A). She had been on nivolumab, of which she had received 2 doses; the last dose was 24 da...
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Hussein, H. M., Dornfeld, B., Schneider, D. J. Tags: MRI, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, All Clinical Neurology, Chemotherapy-tumor Case Source Type: research

Health Tip: Stop Smoking
-- While the harmful effects of smoking are well-documented, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reminds us of the benefits of quitting: Reduced risk of lung cancer and other types of cancer. Lowered risk of heart disease and stroke...
Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews - November 6, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: news

UCLA helps many to live long and prosper
In Westwood, more than 100 faculty experts from 25 departments have embarked on anall-encompassing push to cut the health and economic impacts of depression in half by the year 2050. The mammoth undertaking will rely on platforms developed by the new Institute for Precision Health, which will harness the power of big data and genomics to move toward individually tailored treatments and health-promotion strategies.On the same 419 acres of land, researchers across the spectrum, from the laboratory bench to the patient bedside, are ushering in a potentially game-changing approach to turning the body ’s immune defenses again...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - November 9, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Smoke-Free Policies in the World's 50 Busiest Airports - August 2017.
Abstract Exposure to secondhand smoke from burning tobacco products causes premature death and disease, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer among nonsmoking adults and sudden infant death syndrome, acute respiratory infections, middle ear disease, exacerbated asthma, respiratory symptoms, and decreased lung function in children (1,2). The U.S. Surgeon General has concluded that there is no risk-free level of exposure to secondhand smoke (1). Previous CDC reports on airport smoke-free policies found that most large-hub airports in the United States prohibit smoking (3); however, the extent of ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - November 24, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Tynan MA, Reimels E, Tucker J, King BA Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

The prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Sri Lanka:outcome of the BOLD study
Conclusion: The prevalence of COPD in Sri Lankan adults is similar to global and regional prevalences.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Amarasiri, L., Gunasinghe, W., Sadikeen, A., Fernando, A., Madegedara, D., Wickramasinghe, R., Gunasekera, K. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Anesthetic management of off-pump simultaneous coronary artery bypass grafting and lobectomy: Case report and literature review
Rationale: Survey data show approximately 10% patients with lung cancer may present concomitant coronary heart disease. Simultaneous surgery is a challenge for anesthetist. We review our experience in the anesthesia with 5 patients who required simultaneous off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) and pulmonary resection for lung cancer. Patient concerns: Between 2014 and 2016, 5 patients with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) grade II or III, underwent combined OPCABG and lung resection in the first Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Diagnoses: All five patients were di...
Source: Medicine - December 1, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Are data from national quality registries used in quality improvement at Swedish hospital clinics?
ConclusionsWhile there were significant differences between registries in key factors such as management interest, use of NQR data in local quality improvement seems rather prevalent, at least for Riksstroke. The link between the registry ’s level of development and factors important for routinization of innovations such as NQRs needs investigation.
Source: International Journal for Quality in Health Care - October 25, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Predictors for 30 ‐day readmission after pulmonary resection for lung cancer
Conclusions: The factors predictive for readmission can help design individualized outpatient follow‐up plans and programs for the reduction of readmissions.
Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology - January 22, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Florencio Quero ‐Valenzuela, Inmaculada Piedra‐Fernández, María Martínez‐Ceres, Pedro J. Romero‐Palacios, Abel Sánchez‐Palencia, Antonio Cueto‐Ladrón De Guevara, Pablo Torné‐Poyatos Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research