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Drugs against alpha-ketoglutarate may combat deadly childhood brain tumor
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Every year, 150 to 300 children in the United States are diagnosed with diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), aggressive and lethal tumors that grow deep inside the brain, for which there are no cures. In a study funded by the National Institutes of Health, researchers showed that experimental drugs designed to lower the body's natural production of alpha-ketoglutarate extended the lives of mice harboring DIPG tumors by slowing the growth of the cancer cells.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - August 18, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

Diagnosis to therapy: The future of image-guided patient management
(Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging) SNMMI's Virtual Annual Meeting will convene more than 6,000 attendees from around the globe to share novel research on new and better ways to diagnose and treat cancers, inflammation, arthritis, chronic pain, stroke, brain disease, and more.The focus is on precision medicine--improving patients' lives by developing new ways to diagnose earlier and more accurately, delivering the most effective therapy for a specific patient's disease, and monitoring and adjusting treatment to ensure optimum results.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - July 7, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

Modified-BEP Chemotherapy in Patients With Germ-Cell Tumors Treated at a Comprehensive Cancer Center
Conclusion: In GCT patients, our mBEP-schedule would suggest an effective treatment modality without suffering meaningful pulmonary toxicity.
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - May 27, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Genitourinary Source Type: research

Emerging roles of CCM genes during tumorigenesis with potential application as novel biomarkers across major types of cancers.
Authors: Abou-Fadel J, Qu Y, Gonzalez EM, Smith M, Zhang J Abstract Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are microvascular anomalies in the brain that result in increased susceptibility to stroke. Three genes have been identified as causes of CCMs: cerebral cavernous malformations 1 [(CCM1) also termed Krev interaction trapped 1 (KRIT1)], cerebral cavernous malformation 2 [(CCM2) also termed MGC4607] and cerebral cavernous malformation 3 [(CCM3) also termed programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10)]. It has been demonstrated that both CCM1 and CCM3 bind to CCM2 to form a CCM signaling complex (CSC) with which to m...
Source: Oncology Reports - March 19, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1658: Toxicity Profiles of Fractionated Radiotherapy, Contemporary Stereotactic Radiosurgery, and Transsphenoidal Surgery in Nonfunctioning Pituitary Macroadenomas
Conclusion: Contemporary SRS and transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma treatment have equivalent toxicity profiles. However, modern FRT for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma treatment might considerably increase stroke risk.
Source: Cancers - October 25, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chia-Lun Chang Kevin Sheng-Po Yuan Alexander T.H. Wu Szu-Yuan Wu Tags: Article Source Type: research

Retrospective study on bevacizumab in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases
ConclusionsThis retrospective study shows that bevacizumab has efficacy and favorable toxicity in patients with NSCLC and brain metastases and cardiovascular disease might be a risk factor for cerebral toxicity.
Source: International Journal of Clinical Oncology - October 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

589PFluoropyrimidine-induced cardiotoxicity in colorectal cancer patients: Preliminary data from the prospective observational CHECKPOINT trial (NCT02665312)
ConclusionsA high incidence of CV events, with no apparent correlation with CV comorbidities or risk factors, was observed. Prompt identification and treatment of CV events allowed most pts to complete the treatment with FP.Clinical trial identificationNCT02665312.Legal entity responsible for the studyThe authors.FundingHas not received any funding.DisclosureM. Aglietta: Advisory / Consultancy: Bristol-Myers Squibb; Advisory / Consultancy: Merck; Advisory / Consultancy: Roche. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Source: Annals of Oncology - October 1, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Adjuvant radiotherapy-induced cardiac changes among patients with early breast cancer: a three-year follow-up study.
Conclusion: During the 3-year follow-up after RT, negative subclinical changes in cardiac biomarkers and in LV systolic and diastolic function were observed. The measured changes were more pronounced in left-sided patients. In addition, AI use was associated with impaired cardiac systolic function. PMID: 31219359 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Oncologica - June 19, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Skyttä T, Tuohinen S, Luukkaala T, Virtanen V, Raatikainen P, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen PL Tags: Acta Oncol Source Type: research

Jawless fish take a bite out of the blood-brain barrier
(University of Wisconsin-Madison) A jawless parasitic fish could help lead the way to more effective treatments for multiple brain ailments, including cancer, trauma and stroke. A team of biomedical engineers and clinician-scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the University of Texas at Austin borrowed molecules from the immune system of the parasitic sea lamprey to deliver anti-cancer drugs directly to brain tumors.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - May 15, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD+ as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance
Conclusion and Perspectives Gliomas are the most prevalent primary brain cancer in adults and include a broad category of tumors including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and GBM. Regardless of tumor aggressiveness, malignancy, and infiltration, these glia-derived tumors rarely exceed a median survival time of 12–14 months. Driven by the infiltrative nature of these tumors, the clinical approach is difficult and relapses often occur with fatal consequences. These unsuccessful attempts to control glioma's fate have fostered research looking for more effective therapies. (GSCs) are a small subset of CD133&#...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Releasing an immune system brake could help patients with rare but fatal brain infection
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) The anti-cancer drug pembrolizumab has shown promise in slowing or stopping the progression of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a typically fatal infection of the brain caused by the JC virus (JCV). This finding comes from a small-scale study by scientists at National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), part of the National Institutes of Health. The study appears in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - April 10, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

Neural stem cells promote glioblastoma formation in nude mice
ConclusionsThese results imply the potential role that NSCs play in speeding up tumor formation in the process of glioblastoma relapse, providing the basis for dealing with newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients, which may help postpone the recurrence of glioblastoma as far as possible through preprocessing the tumor-adjacent SVZ tissue.
Source: Clinical and Translational Oncology - April 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Study unveils a blueprint for treating a deadly brain tumor
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) In a study of mice and human brain tumors researchers at the University of the Michigan, Ann Arbor, searched for new treatments by exploring the reasons why some patients with gliomas live remarkably longer than others. The results suggested that certain patients' tumor cells are less aggressive and much better at repairing DNA than others but are difficult to kill with radiation. The researchers then showed that combining radiation therapy with cancer drugs designed to block DNA repair may be an effective treatment strategy.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - February 19, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 111: A Review on a Deep Learning Perspective in Brain Cancer Classification
uca Saba Jasjit S. Suri A World Health Organization (WHO) Feb 2018 report has recently shown that mortality rate due to brain or central nervous system (CNS) cancer is the highest in the Asian continent. It is of critical importance that cancer be detected earlier so that many of these lives can be saved. Cancer grading is an important aspect for targeted therapy. As cancer diagnosis is highly invasive, time consuming and expensive, there is an immediate requirement to develop a non-invasive, cost-effective and efficient tools for brain cancer characterization and grade estimation. Brain scans using magnetic resonanc...
Source: Cancers - January 18, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gopal S. Tandel Mainak Biswas Omprakash G. Kakde Ashish Tiwari Harman S. Suri Monica Turk John R. Laird Christopher K. Kwaku A. Annabel A. Ankrah N. N. Khanna B. K. Madhusudhan Luca Saba Jasjit S. Suri Tags: Review Source Type: research

Metastatic prostate cancer mimicking a subdural hematoma: A case report and literature review.
Abstract Occurrences of metastatic prostate cancer imitating a subdural hematoma are limited to a small number of case reports, even though prostate cancer spreads to the dura more than other types of cancer. Here, we present the case of a 64 year-old male whose prostate carcinoma's metastasis mimicked a subdural hematoma, and he suffered a middle cerebral artery stroke. Prostate cancer's high rate of progression to the dura is disproportionate to its relatively low rate of brain metastasis. Furthermore, we explore the potential molecular implications of prostate cancer's propensity to spread to the dura. P...
Source: Clinical Prostate Cancer - July 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nunno A, Johnson MD, Wu G, Li YM Tags: J Clin Neurosci Source Type: research

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