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Total 496 results found since Jan 2013.

In vitro antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities of methanol extracts from three Momordica species
AbstractAntioxidant based drug preparations are used in the prevention and management of complex diseases which include atherosclerosis, stroke, diabetes, alzheimer ’s disease and cancer. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. The management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this ailment, which may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, and 𝛼-amyla se and glucosidase inhibitors. Although several biological activities had been reported for MomordicafoetidaandMomordicacharantia; it appears there is limited info...
Source: International Journal of Phytomedicine - August 25, 2019 Category: Science Authors: Oubunmi Adenike Akinwunmi Source Type: research

Possible involvement of metformin in downregulation of neuroinflammation and associated behavioural changes in mice
This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of MET on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic and neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and behavioural changes. The study consisted of six groups, where three selected doses of MET (100, 200, and 300  mg/kg) were employed in male Swiss albino mice, with one group of imipramine (IMI), saline, and LPS each. Systemic inflammation was induced by injecting LPS (1.5 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal route. A battery of behavioural tests including open field, forced swim, and tail suspension tests were emplo yed to assess the impact of systemic inflammation on exploratory behaviour a...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - September 2, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Overview of Systematic Reviews
AbstractDirect oral anticoagulants are now recommended by major guidelines as first-choice agents for both stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and treatment/prevention of venous thromboembolism in non-cancer patients. Although there are no published head-to-head trials comparing different direct oral anticoagulants, a growing body of evidence from indirect comparisons and observational studies is suggesting that each direct oral anticoagulant may have a specific risk profile. This review aims to (1) synthesize and critically assess the latest evidence in comparative effectiveness and safety research in th...
Source: Drug Safety - September 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Gastro-intestinal and oral microbiome signatures associated with healthy aging
AbstractThe human oral and gut microbiomes influence health via competition for a distinct niche in the body with pathogens, via metabolic capabilities that increase host digestive capacity and generate compounds engaged in signaling pathways and modulation of immune system functions. Old age alters our metabolic and regenerative capacity. Following recruitment of 65 human subjects in the age range of 70 to 82, we discerned healthy aging (HA) and non-healthy aging (NHA) cohorts discordant in the occurrence of one or more major diseases: (1) cancer, (2) acute or chronic cardiovascular diseases, (3) acute or chronic pulmonar...
Source: AGE - October 15, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Saliva-omics in Plasma Cell Disorders-proof of concept and potential as a non-invasive tool for monitoring disease burden and MRD status.
Salivaomics has exciting potential for the diagnosis and monitoring of malignancy, evidence of which has been reported in oral cancer, head and neck malignancies and ovarian cancer. It has been observed that approximately 40% of cancer, stroke and cardiovascular disease biomarkers are present in whole saliva. Salivaomics has become an area of great interest in disease diagnosis over the last number of years, following the footsteps of the other "omics ” based diagnostic tools. Saliva is a fast, inexpensive and non-invasive method of sample collection therefore it might be considered as the biofluid of choice for the diag...
Source: Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma and Leukemia - September 30, 2019 Category: Hematology Authors: Ciara Tierney, Despina Bazou, Giao Le, Paul Dowling, Peter O'Gorman Source Type: research

In vitro antioxidant, 𝛼-amylase and 𝛼-glucosidase activities of methanol extracts from three Momordica species
AbstractAntioxidant based drug preparations are used in the prevention and management of complex diseases which include atherosclerosis, stroke, diabetes, alzheimer ’s disease and cancer. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. The management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this ailment, which may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, and 𝛼-amyla se and glucosidase inhibitors. Although several biological activities had been reported for MomordicafoetidaandMomordicacharantia; it appears there is limited info...
Source: International Journal of Phytomedicine - August 25, 2019 Category: Science Authors: Olubunmi Adenike Akinwunmi Source Type: research

Is there a role for low-dose DOACs as prophylaxis?
Authors: Cohen AT, Hunt BJ Abstract The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have transformed the management of thrombotic disorders. Large clinical trials have demonstrated that DOACs can replace vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in the 2 existing major indications for anticoagulation: the prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation and the acute treatment and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE); this literature is widely known. In this article, we will concentrate on the less well-discussed benefits of the use of DOACs-using low doses as primary and secondary prophylaxis in both venous and arterial thro...
Source: Hematology ASH Education Program - December 7, 2019 Category: Hematology Tags: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program Source Type: research

Diagnostic strategy of pulmonary embolism in the cardiology department of Ibn Rochd University hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
ConclusionManagement of pulmonary embolism in our cardiology department is characterized by the frequent use of non-invasive techniques on the diagnostic view and appeal to heparin on the therapeutic view.
Source: Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements - January 7, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Drug interactions and pharmacogenetic factors contribute to variation in apixaban concentration in atrial fibrillation patients in routine care
In this study, we assessed the impact of interacting medication and pharmacogenetic variation to better explain apixaban concentration differences among 358 Caucasian AF patients. Genotyping (ABCG2,ABCB1,CYP3A4*22,CYP3A5*3) was performed by TaqMan assays, and apixaban quantified by mass spectrometry. The typical patient was on average 77.2  years old, 85.5 kg, and had a serum creatinine of 103.1 µmol/L. Concomitant amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic agent and moderate CYP3A/ABCB1 inhibitor, the impaired-function variantABCG2 c.421C  >  A, and sex predicted higher apixaban concentrations when controlling for age, weig...
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - January 18, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Contemporary Meta-Analysis of Extended Direct Acting Oral Anticoagulant Thromboprophylaxis to Prevent Venous Thromboembolism Among Hospitalized Patients
There are over 36 million medical hospitalizations each year in the United States, with the majority being for acute medical illness.1 Cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, stroke and myocardial infarction are some of the most common indications for hospitalization and are additionally risk factors for venous thromboembolism.2 With over 900,000 patients suffering from venous thromboembolism each year, excess thrombosis causes a large medical and financial burden to patients and the health care system.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - March 5, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Vikas Bhalla, Olivia F Lamping, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Meenakshi Bhalla, Khaled Ziada, Susan S. Smyth Tags: Clinical Research Study Source Type: research

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Adverse Effects of Levonorgestrel Emergency Oral Contraceptive
ConclusionsThe most common adverse effects of levonorgestrel were not serious. This systematic review shows that data regarding the adverse reactions of repeated use of levonorgestrel are scarce. Studies on the multiple uses of levonorgestrel emergency contraception are still required to ensure its safety.
Source: Clinical Drug Investigation - March 10, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Advancements in the Treatment of Cerebrovascular Complications of Cancer
AbstractPurpose of reviewTo present the new guidelines and therapeutic options regarding cerebrovascular complications of cancer, mainly ischemic stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC).Recent findingsA temporal trend study (2019) revealed that clinicians are still reluctant to apply thrombolysis to cancer patients, although two new studies (2018) reported no increased mortality. Several clinical trials on direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) showed their superiority or, at least, non-inferiority compared with low molecular weight heparins in the treatment of venous thromboembolism (...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - April 29, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Novel Oral Anticoagulant versus Warfarin in Cancer Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: An 8-Year Population-Based Cohort Study
Conclusion: In cancer patients with AF, NOAC were associated with significant reduced IS/SE, major bleeding, and ICH compared to warfarin.
Source: Journal of Cancer - July 2, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Victor Chien-Chia Wu, Chun-Li Wang, Yu-Tung Huang, Wen-Ching Lan, Michael Wu, Chang-Fu Kuo, Shao-Wei Chen, Pao-Hsien Chu, Ming-Shien Wen, Chi-Ching Kuo, Shang-Hung Chang Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Effect of Chin ‐down‐plus‐larynx‐tightening maneuver on swallowing function after minimally invasive esophagectomy: A randomized controlled trail
ConclusionThe findings suggest that the Chin ‐down‐plus‐larynx‐tightening maneuver can improve swallowing function recovery and oral total food intake and calories in EC patients undergoing MIE.
Source: Cancer Medicine - July 5, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Funa Yang, Limin Zou, Lijuan Li, Qiyun Zou, Peinan Chen, Haibo Sun, Xianben Liu, Xiaoxia Xu Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

Direct oral anticoagulants: In which indications? Which one to prescribe? For or against their use in frail patients and in atypical cases? Which monitoring and management haemorrhage complications?
Authors: Hoffmann C, Leven C, Le Mao R, De Moreuil C, Lacut K Abstract Since their approval, the direct oral anticoagulants have been widely used in the management of venous thromboembolism, for stroke and systemic embolism prevention in non valvular atrial fibrillation, and in venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after surgical hip or knee replacement. Because they are easy to use, with oral fixed doses and no biological monitoring need, they are more and more prescribed. New indications are rising in cancer associated thrombosis in France beyond the 6 first months of treatment, and to prevent cardiovascular events ...
Source: Revue de Medecine Interne - July 19, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Rev Med Interne Source Type: research