Patterns of Drugs and Drug Metabolites Observed in Meconium: What Do They Mean?
Conclusions: Interpretation of meconium drug testing results requires comparison of results with clinical and analytical expectations, including maternal admissions to drug use, pharmacy history, recognized metabolic patterns for drugs of interest, cutoff concentrations, and other performance characteristics of the test. Concentrations of drug(s) and drug metabolites(s) may not reliably predict timing of drug use, extent of drug use, or frequency of drug exposures. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - September 18, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
The influence of propoxyphene withdrawal on opioid use in veterans
ConclusionsThe withdrawal of propoxyphene‐containing products resulted in rapid and virtually complete elimination in propoxyphene prescribing in the veterans population; however, nearly 90% of regular users of propoxyphene switched to an alternate opioid, and three quarters continued to use opioids chronically. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)
Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety - August 1, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Corey J. Hayes, Teresa J. Hudson, Martha M. Phillips, Zoran Bursac, James S. Williams, Mark A. Austin, Mark J. Edlund, Bradley C. Martin Tags: Original Report Source Type: research
A Literature Review of the Use of Sodium Bicarbonate for the Treatment of QRS Widening.
This article will also address the literature supporting an increased serum sodium concentration, alkalemia, or the combination of both as the responsible mechanism(s) for sodium bicarbonate's antidotal properties. While sodium bicarbonate has been used as a treatment for cardiac sodium channel blockade for multiple other agents including citalopram, cocaine, flecainide, diphenhydramine, propoxyphene, and lamotrigine, it has uncertain efficacy with bupropion, propranolol, and taxine-containing plants.
PMID: 26159649 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Toxicology)
Source: Journal of Medical Toxicology - July 10, 2015 Category: Toxicology Authors: Bruccoleri RE, Burns MM Tags: J Med Toxicol Source Type: research
Preoperative opioid strength may not affect outcomes of anterior cervical procedures: a post hoc analysis of 2 prospective, randomized trials.
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative opioid strength did not adversely affect outcomes in this analysis. Careful patient selection can yield good results in this patient population.
PMID: 26140401 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine)
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine - July 3, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kelly MP, Anderson PA, Sasso RC, Riew KD Tags: J Neurosurg Spine Source Type: research
Opioids for agitation in dementia.
CONCLUSIONS: We found insufficient evidence to establish the clinical efficacy and safety of opioids for agitation in people with dementia. There remains a lack of data to determine if or when opioids either relieve or exacerbate agitation. More evidence is needed to guide the effective, appropriate and safe use of opioids in dementia.
PMID: 25972091 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 14, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Brown R, Howard R, Candy B, Sampson EL Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial of Oxymorphone Hydrochloride and Propoxyphene/Acetaminophen Combination for the Treatment of Neurogenic Claudication Associated With Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Conclusion: This trial failed to demonstrate a benefit of OH or PA in patients experiencing neurogenic claudication. Considering the potential negative side effects of chronic opioid use, additional research is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of sustained opioid treatment specifically for neurogenic claudication.
Level of Evidence: 2 (Source: Spine)
Source: Spine - May 8, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Randomized Trial Source Type: research
Effect of Abuse-Deterrent Oxycodone Introduction and Propoxyphene Withdrawal
This interrupted time series study finds that opioid dispensing and prescription opioid overdoses decreased substantially after 2 major changes in the pharmaceutical market in late 2010. (Source: JAMA Internal Medicine)
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - April 20, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research
Oral analgesia for relieving post-caesarean pain.
CONCLUSIONS: Eight trials with 962 women were included in the analysis, but only four trials were of high quality. All the trials were small. We carried out subgroup analysis for different drugs within the same group and for high versus low doses of the same drug. However, the relatively few studies (one to two trials) and numbers of women (40 to 136) limits the reliability of these subgroup analyses.Due to limited data available no conclusions can be made regarding the safest and the most effective form of oral analgesia for post-caesarean pain. Further studies are necessary.
PMID: 25821010 [PubMed - in process] (...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 2, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Mkontwana N, Novikova N Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
A Trend Analysis of Laboratory Positive Propoxyphene Workplace Urine Drug Screens Before and After the Product Recall
Conclusions: This favors the determination that the change in propoxyphene positive drug test over the years is not by chance. The conclusion supports no longer performing nonregulated workplace propoxyphene urine drug testing for this population. (Source: Journal of Addiction Medicine)
Source: Journal of Addiction Medicine - March 1, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
A hybrid approach to urine drug testing using high-resolution mass spectrometry and select immunoassays.
CONCLUSIONS: The hybrid approach to urine drug testing provides a simplified and analytically specific testing process that minimizes the need for secondary confirmation.
PMID: 25596249 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 23, 2015 Category: Pathology Authors: McMillin GA, Marin SJ, Johnson-Davis KL, Lawlor BG, Strathmann FG Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research
Performance of time‐dependent propensity scores: a pharmacoepidemiology case study
ConclusionsTime‐dependent propensity scores may be useful for pharmacoepidemiologic studies with time‐varying exposures when causal pathway confounding is limited. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)
Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety - November 18, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wayne A. Ray, Qi Liu, Bryan E. Shepherd Tags: Original Report Source Type: research
Trends in Reporting Methadone-associated Cardiac Arrhythmia, 1997–2011: An Analysis of Registry Data: Kao D, Bartelson BB, Khatri V, et al. Ann Intern Med 2013;158:735–40.
This observational pharmacovigilance study conducted by investigators at University of Colorado sought to describe methadone-associated arrhythmia events reported in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from November of 1997 through June 2011, with particular attention to any changes in reporting trends prior to and after a 2002 report describing association of methadone with QTc prolongation and torsades de pointes. Adverse drug reaction reports for methadone were gathered with attention to those classified as QTc prolongation, torsades de pointes, ventricular dysrhythmias, and card...
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - September 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Alex Badulak Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research
Propoxyphene and the risk of out‐of‐hospital death
ConclusionsOur findings support the concern that propoxyphene has greater toxicity in overdose but do not provide evidence that it increases the risk of sudden cardiac death. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)
Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety - February 14, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wayne A. Ray, Katherine T. Murray, Vivian Kawai, David J. Graham, William O. Cooper, Kathi Hall, Charles Michael Stein Tags: Original Report Source Type: research
