A Comparative Immunohistochemical Study of Epithelial Membrane Antigen and NHERF1/EBP50 in the Diagnosis of Ependymomas
Ependymomas are gliomas that recapitulate normal ependymal cells. The epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) shows “dot-like” and “ring-like” staining patterns, highlighting “microlumens” or intracytoplasmic rosettes, a pathognomonic ultrastructural feature. NHERF1/EBP50, an adaptor protein localized at the apical plasma membrane of human epithelia, has been found to localize to these microlumens. We aimed to analyze the staining patterns of EMA and EBP50 in ependymomas and other tumors, and thereby compare their diagnostic utility. Sixty-three ependymomas of different grades and 44 nonependymal tumors (meningiomas,...
Source: Applied Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology - January 1, 2018 Category: Chemistry Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Pediatric Optic Pathway/Hypothalamic Glioma.
Authors: Aihara Y, Chiba K, Eguchi S, Amano K, Kawamata T
Abstract
Optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas (OP/HGs) are rare astrocytic tumors that appear more commonly among young children and often are unresectable. They comprise approximately 2% of all central nervous system tumors and account for 3-5% of pediatric intracranial tumors. Initial manifestations are often visual disturbances, endocrinopathies and hypothalamic dysfunction such as the diencephalic syndrome, and sometimes hydrocephalus due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) outflow obstruction. In many cases, the tumors are diagnosed late in the clinical...
Source: Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica - November 11, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) Source Type: research
Characterization of gliomas: from morphology to molecules
This article reviews the histologic and molecular characterization of gliomas, including the new “integrated diagnoses” of the World Health Organization Classification, 2016 edition. The entities reviewed within include diffuse gliomas (astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, glioblastoma), as well as circumscribed and low-grade gliomas (angiocentric glioma, pilocytic astrocytoma, subependymal gian t cell astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, pilomyxoid astrocytoma, ependymoma, myxopapillary ependymoma, and subependymoma). Diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers are discussed for each entity. We review how mole...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 4, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Immunohistochemical Expression of Progesterone Receptors in Nonmeningothelial Central Nervous System Tumors
Conclusions: Although we detected that immunostaining for the PR is more frequently observed in meningiomas, we confirmed its expression in diverse nonmeningothelial primary intracranial tumors. Immunohistochemistry for PR would be useful in the diagnosis of meningioma only when its positivity shows a mean higher than 30% of the positive tumor cells per high-power field. (Source: Applied Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology)
Source: Applied Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology - July 1, 2017 Category: Chemistry Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Endothelium-Independent Primitive Myxoid Vascularization Creates Invertebrate-Like Channels to Maintain Blood Supply in Optic Gliomas.
Abstract
Optic gliomas are brain tumors characterized by slow growth, progressive loss of vision, and limited therapeutic options. Optic gliomas contain various amounts of myxoid matrix, which can represent most of the tumor mass. We sought to investigate biological function and protein structure of the myxoid matrix in optic gliomas to identify novel therapeutic targets. We reviewed histological features and clinical imaging properties, analyzed vasculature by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy, and performed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry on optic gliomas, which varied in the amount of...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - June 9, 2017 Category: Pathology Authors: Snuderl M, Zhang G, Wu P, Jennings TS, Shroff S, Ortenzi V, Jain R, Cohen B, Reidy JJ, Dushay MS, Wisoff JH, Harter DH, Karajannis MA, Fenyo D, Neubert TA, Zagzag D Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research
Fluorescence guided resection with 5-aminolevulinic acid of a pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the third ventricle.
This article also comprises a review of the literature concerning the characteristics and management of this tumor, which was recently considered to be a different histopathological entity.
PMID: 28495088 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neurocirugia)
Source: Neurocirugia - May 8, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Bernal García LM, Cabezudo Artero JM, García Moreno R, Marcelo Zamorano MB, Mayoral Guisado C Tags: Neurocirugia (Astur) Source Type: research
Bevacizumab Therapy for Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma
Pilomyxoid astrocytoma is a rare tumor of the central nervous system generally found in young children near the hypothalamus. Herein, we report a 19-month-old female infant with a pilomyxoid astrocytoma, who underwent surgery as well as carboplatin and vincristine chemotherapy in an attempt to delay radiation therapy to the brain. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the tumor had increased in tumor volume on therapy. Chemotherapy with carboplatin and vincristine was stopped and bevacizumab therapy (10 mg/kg every other week) was initiated. After 15 months of bevacizumab therapy, the patient’s tumor was significantly...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology - April 26, 2017 Category: Hematology Tags: Online Articles: Clinical and Laboratory Observations Source Type: research
Rare-20. pediatric tectal plate gliomas with pilomyxoid histologic features. report of three cases
Pediatric tectal plate gliomas (TPG) are generally considered indolent lesions that uncommonly progress. The majority of these patients require cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion via ventriculostomy or shunting, but oftentimes no tissue is retrieved for pathologic diagnosis. The few reports of TPG histology describe mainly low grade astrocytomas, with few reports of ependymoma, malignant glioma, or pilocytic astrocytoma. We have encountered three pediatric TPGs with pilomyxoid histologic features. This cohort includes two females (ages 3.5 and 7 years) and one male (age 3.8 years). All of these children presente...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fuller, C., Fouladi, M. Tags: RARE TUMORS Source Type: research
Spontaneous intratumoural and intraventricular haemorrhage associated with a pilomyxoid astrocytoma in the hypothalamic/chiasmatic region
In this study, we report a rare case of PMA in the hypothalamic/chiasmatic region presenting with intratumoural and intraventricular haemorrhage. An external ventricular drain was urgently inserted. A ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VP) was undergone 4weeks thereafter. The patient received fractionated Gamma Knife radiosurgery in another hospital 3weeks after the VP shunt. Three months later, subtotal resection of the tumour was performed in our hospital via a pterional approach. The pathological diagnosis was PMA. Postoperatively, no adjuvant therapy was given, and the neurologic deficits were improved. However, the presenta...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - July 20, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Lg-31 * successful treatment of brainstem pilomyxoid astrocytoma using recombinant human endostatin combined with vincristine and carboplatin: a case report
(Source: Neuro-Oncology)
Source: Neuro-Oncology - June 11, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jun-Ping, Z., Jing-Jing, G., Cheng, L., Feng-Jun, X., Zhi-Meng, G. Tags: LOW GRADE GLIOMA Source Type: research
Lg-18 * two cases report of infantile pilomyxoid astrocytoma
(Source: Neuro-Oncology)
Source: Neuro-Oncology - June 11, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ohe, N., Tsujimoto, M., Owashi, E., Nakayama, N., Yano, H., Iwama, T. Tags: LOW GRADE GLIOMA Source Type: research
Lg-12 * case series of pilomyxoid astrocytoma
(Source: Neuro-Oncology)
Source: Neuro-Oncology - June 11, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sato, M., Zimmerman, J., Buatti, J., Menezes, A., Greenlee, J., Wilson, S., Dlouhy, B., O'Dorisio, S. Tags: LOW GRADE GLIOMA Source Type: research
Prechiasmatic transection of the optic nerve in optic nerve glioma: technical description and surgical outcome
Abstract
Optic pathway glioma (OPG) encompasses a spectrum of findings ranging from lesions confined to the optic nerve only, lesions affecting the optic chiasm and hypothalamus, and lesions with diffuse involvement of a large part of the optic pathway and neighboring structures. The majority of pediatric low-grade astrocytomas in the optic/chiasmatic region are typical pilocytic astrocytoma. The rest of them (10 %) may be other gliomas such as fibrillary pilomyxoid astrocytoma (grade 2 WHO). The postsurgical local recurrence rate of 55 to 76 % has been reported in some histological subtypes such as pil...
Source: Neurosurgical Review - May 25, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Source Type: research
Pilomyxoid astrocytoma involving the entire spinal cord in a newborn.
PMID: 27106533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Radiologia)
Source: Radiologia - April 18, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Alcalde López J, Sánchez Garduño JJ Tags: Radiologia Source Type: research
