MiR-BART1-3p and BART18-5p inhibit cell migration, proliferation and activate autophagy in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer by targeting erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular 2
In this study, we found that the expression of EphA2 in EBVaGC cells was significantly lower than that in EBV-negative gastric cancer (EBVnGC) cells. Additionally, overexpression of EphA2 in EBVaGC cells promoted migration and proliferation, and inhibited autophagy. EBV-miR-BART1-3p and BART18-5p were found to target the 3 ’-UTR of EphA2 and down-regulate its expression. Our results suggest that EBV may be involved in gastric cancer progression by targeting EphA2 through BART1-3p and BART18-5p. (Source: Virus Genes)
Source: Virus Genes - August 3, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Genome sequence of a Sobemovirus from the feces of Northern Pintail (Anas acuta)
AbstractNorthern pintail (Anas acuta) is a migratory waterfowl that can transmit various viruses. The genome sequence of a Sobemovirus was determined using metagenomic sequencing from the feces of northern pintail (Anas acuta) in Xinjiang, northwest China. The virus possesses a linear RNA molecule of 4177 bp and is most closely related to isolates SoMV-WA (GenBank accession no. HM163159.1) and ATCC PV-109 (GenBank accession no. GQ845002.2), with a nucleotide identity of 86.7%. The virus encodes four open reading frames (ORF) coding for four proteins, and phylogenetic analysis of capsid protein and RNA-dependent RNA polym...
Source: Virus Genes - August 2, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Importation of a novel Indian Ocean lineage carrying E1-K211E and E2-V264A of Chikungunya Virus in Zhejiang Province, China, in 2019
AbstractThe chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is widespread. In Zhejiang province, China, CHIKV infection is often associated with travelers from tropical and subtropical countries. In the present study, three CHIKV isolates from serum samples of travelers in Zhejiang province in 2019 were sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed to study their molecular characteristics. Sequence analysis showed that the non-structural protein and the structural protein had 37 and 28 amino acid mutations, respectively; no mutation site was found at the E1-A226 residue, which could increase the adaptability of CHIKV toAedes albopictus. All three sa...
Source: Virus Genes - July 19, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Jojan: a novel virus that lyses Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from dog
AbstractStenotrophomonas maltophilia is a Gram-negative bacterium widely distributed in the environment and associated with nosocomial infections, pneumonia, and bacteremia in humans and other mammals. We have isolated and sequenced a new virus that lyses theS. maltophilia strain from a dog skin. The virus has a siphovirus-like morphology and a linear dsDNA genome 60,804 pb in length with terminal repeats, four tRNA genes, and 111 putative proteins. The annotated genes resemble the corresponding genes of some siphoviruses, but the unique genome arrangement and limited similarity of the encoded proteins suggest that this vi...
Source: Virus Genes - July 17, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Characterization of two novel reassortant bluetongue virus serotype 1 strains isolated from farmed white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Florida, USA
This study reports the clinical findings, ancillary diagnostics, and genomic characterization of two BTV serotype 1 strains isolated from two farmed WTD, from two different farms in Florida in 2019 and 2022. Phylogenetic and genetic analyses indicated that these two novel BTV-1 strains were reassortants. In addition, our analyses reveal that most genome segments of these strains were acquired from BTVs previously detected in ruminants in Florida, substantiating their endemism in the Southeastern U.S. Our findings underscore the need for additional research to determine the genetic diversity of BTV strains in Florida, their...
Source: Virus Genes - July 13, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Isolation and characterization of a novel lytic bacteriophage vB_Efm_LG62 infecting Enterococcus faecium
In this study, we isolated and characterized a novel virulent bacteriophage, vB_Efm_LG62, that specifically infects multidrug-resistantE. faecium. Morphological observations suggested that the phage has siphovirus morphology, with an optimal multiplicity of infection of 0.001. One-step growth tests revealed that its latent growth was at 20 min, with a burst size of 101 PFU/cell. Phage vB_Efm_LG62 was verified to have a double-stranded genome of 42,236 bp (35.21% GC content), containing 66 predicted coding sequences as determined by whole genomic sequencing. No genes were predicted to have functions associated with viru...
Source: Virus Genes - July 9, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Whole genome sequencing and genomic characterization of a DS-1-like G2P[4] group A rotavirus in Japan
In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing and genomic characterization of a DS-1-like G2P[4] group A rotavirus in feces of a Japanese child with acute gastroenteritis who was fully Rotarix ® vaccinated. The genomic investigation determined a genomic constellation G2-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2 of this rotavirus strain. Its antigenic epitopes of the VP7 and VP4 proteins had significant mismatches compared with the vaccine strains. Our study is the latest attempt to investigate the evolution of the VP7 and VP4 genes of emerging G2P[4] rotavirus in Japan. (Source: Virus Genes)
Source: Virus Genes - July 5, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Screening and identification of specific cluster miRNAs in N2a cells infected by H7N9 virus
This study aims to screen and identify specific cluster miRNAs of H7N9 virus-infected N2a cells and explore the possible pathogenesis of these miRNAs. The N2a cells are infected with H7N9 and H1N1 influenza viruses, and the cells are collected at 12, 24 and 48 h to extract total RNA. To sequence miRNAs and identify different virus-specific miRNAs, high-throughput sequencing technology is used. Fifteen H7N9 virus-specific cluster miRNAs are screened, and eight of them are included in the miRBase database. These cluster-specific miRNAs regulate many signa ling pathways, such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the RAS signa...
Source: Virus Genes - July 3, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
RNA sequencing of avian paramyxovirus (Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirinae) isolates from wild mallards in Belgium, 2021: complete genomes and coinfections
AbstractWe used untargeted RNA sequencing to characterize threeAvulavirinae isolates from pooled samples obtained from wild mallards in Belgium in 2021. The complete genome sequences of two avian Orthoavulavirus-1 (AOAV-1) strains and one avian Paraavulavirus-4 (APMV-4) strain were determined confirming hemagglutination inhibition testing of the virus isolates. In addition, the applied sequencing strategy identified an avian influenza virus (AIV) coinfection in all three virus isolates, confirming weak-positive AIV realtime RT-PCR results from the original sample material. In one AOAV-1 isolate, partial sequences covering ...
Source: Virus Genes - July 1, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Peptide YY inhibits transcription and replication of hepatitis B virus by suppressing promoter/enhancer activity
This study found that PYY expression was reduced in HBV-expressing hepatocytes and HBV patients. Overexpression of PYY could significantly inhibit HBV RNA, DNA levels, and the secretion of HBsAg. In addition, PYY inhibits HBV RNA dependent on transcription through reducing the activities of CP/Enh I/II, SP1 and SP2. Meanwhile, PYY blocks HBV replication independent on core, polymerase protein and ε structure of pregenomic RNA. These results suggest that PYY can impair HBV replication by suppressing viral promoters/enhancers in hepatocytes. Our data shed light on a novel role for PYY as anti-HBV restriction factor. (Source: Virus Genes)
Source: Virus Genes - June 28, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Preparation of monoclonal antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus glycoprotein 350
AbstractEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the first identified human oncogenic herpesvirus infecting over 90% of the adults worldwide. However, the safe and effective prophylactic vaccine has not been licensed. The major glycoprotein 350 (gp350) on the EBV envelope is the main target for neutralizing antibodies, and gp350 (aa15 –320) was used for the development of monoclonal antibodies in present study. The purified recombinant gp35015 −320aa with an estimated molecular weight of 50 kDa was used to immunize six-week-old BALB/c mice, and the hybridoma cell lines that stably secreted monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were obtain...
Source: Virus Genes - June 16, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Zika virus infection induces expression of NRF2 and antioxidant systems in trophoblast cells
In this report, we evaluated the upregulation of NRF2 and antioxidant enzymes in a trophoblast-like cell. These findings could help us understand the antioxidant mechanism underlying the ZIKV infection in the placenta during pregnancy. (Source: Virus Genes)
Source: Virus Genes - June 16, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Genomic characterization of three bacteriophages infecting donkey-derived Escherichia coli
AbstractBacteriophages are an important source of novel genetic diversity. Sequencing of phage genomes can reveal new proteins with potential uses in phage therapy and help unravel the diversity of biological mechanisms by which phages take over the machinery of the host during infection. To expand the available collection of phage genomes, we have isolated, sequenced, and assembled the genome sequences of three phages that infect three pathogenicEscherichia coli strains: vB_EcoM_DE15, vB_EcoM_DE16, and vB_EcoM_DE17. Morphological characterization and genomic analysis indicated that all three phages were strictly lytic and...
Source: Virus Genes - June 15, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Intra-host mutation rate of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection during the initial pandemic wave
AbstractSARS-CoV-2 mutation is minimized through a proofreading function encoded byNSP-14. Most estimates of the SARS-CoV-2 mutation rate are derived from population based sequence data. Our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 evolution might be enhanced through analysis of intra-host viral mutation rates in specific populations. Viral genome analysis was performed between paired samples and mutations quantified at allele frequencies (AF) ≥ 0.25, ≥ 0.5 and ≥ 0.75. Mutation rate was determined employing F81 and JC69 evolution models and compared between isolates with (ΔNSP-14) and without (wtNSP-14) non-synonymo...
Source: Virus Genes - June 13, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Mutations in the S gene of hepatitis B virus in three generations of patients with chronic hepatitis B
In this study, 90 patients with chronic HBV were assigned to three groups according to the inclusion criteria. The plasma were utilized to extract viral DNA, and the PCR was applied. Direct sequencing and alignment were performed on the S gene, using reference sequence. The results indicated that all HBV genomes were categorized as the genotype D/ayw2. Among 79 point mutations detected, 36.8% were silent, and 56.2% were missense. In the S region, mutations were observed in 88.9% of CHB subjects studied. In the three-generation group, 21.5% of mutations were in the"a" determinant, and 2.6%, 19.5%, and 87.0% of the...
Source: Virus Genes - June 12, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
