Characterization of a reassortant H11N9 subtype avian influenza virus isolated from spot-billed duck in China
This study identified a new H1 1N9 reassortant in a wild bird with key mutation contributing to virulence. Therefore, comprehensive surveillance and enhanced biosecurity precautions are particularly important for the prediction and prevention of potential pandemics resulting from reassortant viruses with continuous evolution and expanding geographic distributions. (Source: Virus Genes)
Source: Virus Genes - June 2, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Is COVID-19 severity associated with telomere length? A systematic review and meta-analysis
AbstractTelomere shortening, a marker of cellular aging, has been linked to hospitalization and the severity of COVID-19. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the mean difference in telomere length between non-severe and severe COVID-19 individuals was pooled to determine the association between short telomeres and COVID-19 severity. Relevant studies were retrieved through searches conducted in PubMed-Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, Medrxiv, Biorxiv, EuroPMC, and SSRN databases up to November 2022. Selected studies were systematically reviewed and assessed for risk of bias using AXIS tool. The standardized mean difference...
Source: Virus Genes - June 1, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Approaches to identify canine distemper virus with neurological symptoms on the basis of molecular characterization of hemagglutinin and fusion genes
AbstractCanine distemper virus (CDV), which causes severe infections in all domestic and wild carnivores, is transmitted by all secretions and excretions of infected animals. Despite the regular vaccination against it, CDV still manages to circulate in nature and is a worldwide problem in dogs. For many years in the world, the virus managed to circulate in nature. The current investigation aims to identify and characterize CDV in dogs with neurological symptoms and to determine whether CNS symptoms and phylogenetic data might be used to differentiate between CDV strains. The medical records of 35 dogs with central nervous ...
Source: Virus Genes - June 1, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Extensive ITR expansion of the 2022 Mpox virus genome through gene duplication and gene loss
We describe duplications of up to 18,200 bp to the opposed genome end, and deletions at the site of insertion of up to 16,900 bp. Deletions and duplications of genes with functions of supposed immune modulation, virulence and host adaption as B19R, B21R, B22R and D10L are described. In summary, we highlight the need for monito ring rearrangements of the Mpox virus genome rather than for monitoring single mutations only. (Source: Virus Genes)
Source: Virus Genes - May 31, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Antibacterial effects of single phage and phage cocktail against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from diabetic foot ulcer
In this study, the therapeutic effects of single phage and phage cocktail were investigated against multidrug-resistant (MDR)K. pneumonia isolated from DFU. Bacteriophages were isolated from animal feces and sewage samples, and were enriched and propagated usingK. pneumoniae as the host. ThirtyK. pneumoniae clinical isolates were collected from hospitalized patients with DFU. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined using agar disk diffusion test. The phages ’ morphological traits were determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The killing effect of isolated phages was assessed using plaque assa...
Source: Virus Genes - May 31, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Genetic variability and mutation of Epstein ‒Barr virus (EBV)-encoded LMP-1 and BHRF-1 genes in EBV-infected patients: identification of precise targets for development of personalized EBV vaccines
In conclusion, our study illustrates gene variability and mutations of EBV-encoded del-LMP-1 and BHRF-1 in clinical samples. Highly mutated LMP-1 might be associated with various types of EBV-related diseases, indicating that BHRF-1 combined with LMP-1 may be used as an ideal target for development of EBV personalized vaccines. (Source: Virus Genes)
Source: Virus Genes - May 27, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Identification and validation of ferroptosis-related genes in patients infected with dengue virus: implication in the pathogenesis of DENV
In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that 5 FR-DEGs, JUN, IL6, ATF3, XBP1, and CDKN2A, and two miR NAs, has-miR-124-3p and has-miR-16-5p may implicate an essential role of ferroptosis in DENV infection, and further studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms. (Source: Virus Genes)
Source: Virus Genes - May 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
The discovery of novel papillomaviruses in cats in Southwest China
In this study, 12 mammalian viruses were identified by metagenomic sequencing in diarrheal feces in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. Interestingly, a novel of felis catus papillomavirus (FcaPV) was identified for the first time in China. Subsequently, we investigated the prevalence of FcaPV in 252 feline samples, including 168 diarrheal feces and 84 oral swabs, with a total of 57 (22.62%, 57/252) samples detected positive. Of the 57 positive samples, FcaPV genotype 3 (FcaPV-3) was detected at high prevalence rate (68.42%, 39/57), followed by FcaPV-4 (22.8%, 13/57), FcaPV-2 (17.54%, 10/57), and FcaPV-1 (1.75%, 1/55), whi...
Source: Virus Genes - May 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Molecular characterization of Brazilian FeLV strains in S ão Luis, Maranhão Brazil
AbstractThe feline leukemia virus (FeLV) belongs to theRetroviridae family andGammaretrovirus genus, and causes a variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases in domestic cats (Felis catus), such as thymic and multicentric lymphomas, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia, aplastic anemia, and immunodeficiency. The aim of the present study was to carry out the molecular characterization of FeLV-positive samples and determine the circulating viral subtype in the city of S ão Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, as well as identify its phylogenetic relationship and genetic diversity. The FIV Ac/FeLV Ag Test Kit (Alere...
Source: Virus Genes - May 17, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Identification of monoclonal antibody targeting epitope on p72 trimeric spike of African swine fever virus
In this study, recombinant p72 protein and p72-baculovirus were constructed and obtained. Three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to ASFV p72 protein, designated as 1A3, 2B5 and 4A5, were generated. Among them, 4A5 showed strong reactivity with ASFV infected cells. Subsequently, the epitope recognized by 4A5 was mapped and identified using a series of overlapping peptides generated from p72 protein. IFA and western blot analyses showed that 4A5 recognized the linear epitope of p72 monomer located between amino acids 245 –285 and recognized the conformational epitope located at the surface and top of the p72 trimer. T...
Source: Virus Genes - May 16, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
The genetic and biological characterization of the first avian paramyxovirus serotype 14 isolated from chicken in China
AbstractIn October 2020, an avian paramyxovirus serotype 14 (APMV-14)-designated chicken/Fujian/2160/2020 (FJ2160) was isolated from tracheal and cloacal swab sample of chicken collected from live bird market in Fujian province in China during the active surveillance program. The complete genome of FJ2160 comprised 15,444 nucleotides (nt) complying with the paramyxovirus “rule of six” and encoded six non-overlapping structural proteins in the order of 3′-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-′5. The complete genome sequence analysis showed that FJ2160 had the highest identity (90.0%) with the APMV-14 isolated from Japan, while the nucleot...
Source: Virus Genes - May 15, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Biological characteristics and genomic analysis of a novel Escherichia phage Kayfunavirus CY1
In this study,Escherichia phageKayfunavirus CY1 was isolated from sewage samples of swine farms and identified by biological characteristics and genomic analysis. One-step growth curve showed that the latent period of phage CY1 was about 10 min, the outbreak period was about 40 min and the burst size was 35 PFU/cell. Analysis of the electron microscopy and whole-genome sequence showed that the phage should be classified as a member of theAutographiviridae family,Studiervirinae subfamily. Genomic analysis of phage CY1 (GenBank accession no. OM937123) revealed a genome size of 39,173 bp with an average GC content of 50....
Source: Virus Genes - May 11, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Whole genome sequencing and evolution analyses of Human metapneumovirus
In this study, we sequenced HMPV whole genomes to improve the identification of molecular epidemiology in Beijing, China. Nasopharyngeal aspirates of hospitalized children aged < 14 years old with ARTIs were screened for HMPV infection using qPCR. Fourteen pairs of overlapping primers were used to amplify whole genome sequences of HMPV from positive samples with high viral loads. The epidemiology of HMPV was analysed and 27 HMPV whole genome sequences were obtained. Sequ ence identity and the positional entropy analyses showed that most regions of HMPV genome are conserved, whereas the G gene contained many varia...
Source: Virus Genes - May 7, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Immune response induced by recombinant pres2/S-protein and a pres2-S-protein fused with a core 18-27 antigen fragment of hepatitis B virus compared to conventional HBV vaccine
AbstractAlthough comprehensive vaccination is the cornerstone of public health programs to control hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, 5% of people who receive the existing vaccine do not develop proper immunity against HBV. To overcome this challenge, researchers have tried using various protein fragments encoded by the virus genome to achieve better immunization rates. An important antigenic component of HBsAg called the preS2/S or M protein has also received much attention in this area. The gene sequences of preS2/S and Core18-27 peptide were extracted from the GenBank (NCBI). Final gene synthesis was conducted with pET...
Source: Virus Genes - May 4, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Co-circulation of two Mumps virus genotypes in Assam, India
AbstractMumps is a vaccine-preventable disease, and research on the vaccine's efficacy has recently indicated declining efficacy that has failed to protect against primary infections or reinfections, leading to a global resurgence in nations that use mumps vaccine in their national immunization programmes (NIPs). Lack of reports on its infection, documentation and published studies prevents it from being recognized as a public health issue in India. The waning of immunity is ascribed to the changes between the circulating and vaccine strains. The goal of the current study was to describe the circulating MuV strains in the ...
Source: Virus Genes - May 3, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
