Development and Validation of A Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method to Simultaneously Measure Tacrolimus and Everolimus Concentrations in Kidney Allograft Biopsies After Kidney Transplantation
This study aimed to develop a method for the simultaneous quantification of tacrolimus and everolimus concentrations in clinical biopsy samples and investigate their correlation with histopathological findings in kidney transplant recipients.
Methods:
Fourteen biopsy samples were obtained from kidney transplant recipients at 3 months after transplantation. Kidney allograft concentrations (Ctissue) of tacrolimus and everolimus were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, and the corresponding whole blood trough concentrations (C0) were obtained from clinical records.
Results:
The develope...
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - March 20, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Drug–Drug Interactions With Over-The-Counter Medicines: Mind the Unprescribed
Conclusions:
The most significant finding was the lack of high-quality evidence for commonly acknowledged interactions. High-quality interaction studies involving different phenotypes in drug metabolism (cytochrome P450) and distribution (transporters) are urgently needed. This should include modern and critical drugs, such as oral anticancer medications and direct oral anticoagulants. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - March 20, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Implementation of Vancomycin Therapeutic Monitoring Guidelines: Focus on Bayesian Estimation Tools in Neonatal and Pediatric Patients
Conclusions:
To optimize vancomycin use in neonatal and pediatric patients, clinicians should focus on selecting a model that best fits their patient population and use Bayesian estimation tools for therapeutic area under the –curve–targeted dosing and monitoring. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - March 20, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Quantification of Antibiotics in Patient Samples: State of the Art in Standardization and Proficiency Testing
Conclusions:
EQAs are offered regularly for many antibiotics worldwide. The results of EQAs in Germany generally compare well, but there is potential for improvement. Both immunoassays and HPLC-based methods work properly in EQAs evaluated in Germany. From a quality control perspective, fast and inexpensive methods may be selected without endangering the patient's health based on clinical needs. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Health Care Costs of Target Attainment for Beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of the EXPAT Study
Conclusions:
Target attainment for beta-lactam antibiotics shows a trend toward higher total costs in ICU patients, which can be attributed to the high costs of a long stay in the ICU and renal replacement therapy. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Review of Scavenged Sampling for Sustainable Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Do More With Less
Conclusions:
This review presents current evidence on the clinical use of scavenged sampling strategies. Scavenged sampling can be a suitable approach for drug quantification to improve dosage regimens, perform pharmacokinetic studies, and explore the value of therapeutic drug monitoring without additional sample collection. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of the Echinocandin Antifungal Agents: Is There a Role in Clinical Practice? A Position Statement of the Anti-Infective Drugs Committee of the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology
Conclusions:
Echinocandin TDM should be considered in patients at known risk of suboptimal drug exposure. However, for implementing TDM, clinical validation of PK/PD targets is needed. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Antifungal Drugs TDM: Trends and Update
Conclusions:
TDM seems to be crucial for curative and/or long-term maintenance treatment in highly variable patients. TDM poses fewer cost issues than the drugs themselves or subsequent treatment issues. The integration of clinical pharmacology into multidisciplinary management is now increasingly seen as a part of patient care. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Immunological Biomarkers in Blood to Monitor the Course and Therapeutic Outcomes of COVID-19
Conclusions:
Routine immune monitoring of COVID-19 is feasible in clinical laboratories with commercially available instruments and reagents. Strategies such as whether biomarkers reflecting the response of the innate and adaptive immune system can be used to make predictions and assist in individualizing therapeutic interventions or vaccination strategies need to be determined in appropriate clinical trials. Promising preliminary data are already available based on single-center reports and completed or ongoing vaccination trials. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Ganciclovir: Where Are We?
Conclusions:
Although the pharmacokinetics (PK) involved is relatively well-described, both the pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship are not. This is because the studies conducted to date have mainly focused on estimating ganciclovir exposure, and owing to the limited therapeutic options for CMV infections, future studies on ganciclovir are warranted. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Has the Time Come for Systematic Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of First-Line and WHO Group A Antituberculosis Drugs?
Abstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health issue, with approximately 10 million people being infected each year, and is the leading cause of mortality from infectious disease, with 1.5 million deaths a year. Optimal TB treatment requires a combination of drugs for an adequate treatment duration owing to persistent organisms, hardly accessible infection sites, and a high risk of resistance selection. Long-term therapy increases the risk of patients' loss of adherence, adverse drug reactions, and drug–drug interactions, potentially leading to treatment failure. The high interpatient variability of TB drug exp...
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Optimal Practice for Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Position Statement From the Anti-infectives Committee of the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology
Abstract:
Individualization of vancomycin dosing based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) data is known to improve patient outcomes compared with fixed or empirical dosing strategies. There is increasing evidence to support area-under-the-curve (AUC24)–guided TDM to inform vancomycin dosing decisions for patients receiving therapy for more than 48 hours. It is acknowledged that there may be institutional barriers to the implementation of AUC24-guided dosing, and additional effort is required to enable the transition from trough-based to AUC24-based strategies. Adequate documentation of sampling, correct storage and...
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Barriers and Facilitators in the Clinical Implementation of Beta-Lactam Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Critically Ill Patients: A Critical Review
Conclusions:
Although the evidence for application of beta-lactam TDM continues to grow, its clinical implementation remains limited. To enable optimal implementation of these antibiotics in critically ill patients, several barriers need to be overcome regarding logistics, equipment availability, clinical evidence, and proof of cost-effectiveness. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Antibiotic Stewardship and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of β-Lactam Antibiotics: Is There a Link? An Opinion Paper
Conclusions:
Individualized dosing and TDM facilitate the rational use of β-lactams and are integral for antibiotic stewardship interventions in critical care, affording the optimal exposure of both pathogen and drugs, along with enhanced treatment efficacy and reduced emergence of antimicrobial resistance. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antibiotic Drugs in Patients Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy or Intermittent Hemodialysis: A Critical Review
Conclusions:
Highly variable antibiotic exposure and TA have been reported in patients receiving intermittent or continuous RRT. TDM for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, glycopeptides, linezolid, and colistin is recommended in patients receiving RRT and suggested for daptomycin, fluoroquinolones, and tigecycline in critically ill patients on RRT. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - January 24, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
