Urinary Bladder Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor With Mutated TP53 and PPFIBP1-ALK Gene Fusion
We present the case of a deeply invasive urinary bladder IMT with aberrant p53 expression and corresponding TP53 genomic alteration, the latter previously reported in only 2 unrelated cases of malignancy. Our case highlights that p53 aberrant expression and TP53 genomic alterations may be found in IMTs and may be related to IMT pathogenesis and prognosis. Furthermore, relying on absence of aberrant p53 expression in IMT in order to distinguish it from histologic mimickers may lead to potential diagnostic pitfalls. In addition, our case demonstrated weak immunohistochemical staining for ALK and was found to harbor a PPFIBP1...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
A Dedifferentiated Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Soft Tissue With Retiform and Papillary Features: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
We report a case of a dedifferentiated solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) arising in the arm of a 74-year-old man, with the dedifferentiated component showing a unique retiform and papillary architecture. The patient presented with a tumor first noticed 12 years ago, which was diagnosed as a schwannoma. It remained clinically stable for about 10 years until he noticed growth of the mass 2 years ago. On comparative magnetic resonance imaging scans, while most of the tumor did not show major changes, a proximal lobule demonstrated increase in its size. After a new biopsy, which was interpreted as malignant, preoperative radiothera...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Primary Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma Arising in the Thyroid Gland: A Rare Case Report
Background
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare aggressive soft tissue sarcoma usually involving the soft tissue of thigh and buttock region in adults. In children, head and neck presentation is more common, with orbit and tongue being the preferred sites. Alveolar soft part sarcoma primarily arising in the thyroid gland is an extremely rare clinical entity, with only two other cases being reported in the literature to date.
Case
A 16-year-old boy presented with respiratory distress and enlarged thyroid gland. Hemithyroidectomy revealed well-circumscribed nests of large cells with abundant eosinophilic cy...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Common Differential Diagnostic Issues in Bone Tumor Pathology
Bone tumors are a diverse group of lesions that have a broad spectrum of biological behavior. They range from reactive conditions to benign and malignant neoplasms, and their accurate distinction from one another requires careful correlation with their clinical and imaging findings. Clues to the correct diagnosis can be derived from the patient's age, symptoms, and location of the tumor both within the skeleton and the individual bone. Tumor size, radiodensity, margination, cortical integrity, periosteal reaction, and extension into the soft tissues are useful imaging characteristics in determining phenotype and estimating...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Common Differential Diagnostic Issues in Soft Tissue Pathology
In this review, we discuss 4 differential diagnostic considerations that commonly arise in soft tissue pathology, namely, separating myxoid liposarcoma from myxofibrosarcoma, nodular fasciitis from a host of spindle cell sarcoma types, fibrous histiocytoma from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and atypical lipomatous tumor from several nonneoplastic congeners. These topics were chosen as means to highlight several areas of soft tissue pathology, focusing on some of the most common issues in soft tissue pathology. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Primary Extranodal Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma of the Sphenoid Sinus: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature
We report a case of a 63-year-old woman with primary CHL of the sphenoid sinus. The patient presented to the emergency department with complaints of “flashing light” in both eyes. Magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed a 4.2-cm enhancing mass in the sphenoid sinus. Histologic examination of the sphenoid mass revealed a diffuse mixed inflammatory infiltrate, within which were scattered large atypical cells with enlarged nuclei with irregular nuclear contours and prominent eosinophilic nucleoli, consistent with Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells. Immunohistochemical studies showed the large atypical cells to be positive f...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Review Source Type: research
Multifocal or Metastatic B-RAF (V600E) Glomus Tumor in the Parotid and Neck: A Case Report Including Cytologic, Histologic, and Molecular Features
Glomus tumor is a perivascular mesenchymal neoplasm that usually occurs as a solitary painful lesion of the distal extremities. It can also rarely occur in other anatomic locations, for example, the nasal cavity, trachea, stomach, and kidney. Although most tumors are benign, metastasis occurs in a small subset. Criteria for aggressive behavior remain incompletely defined, and the issue of defining metastasis is complicated by the occurrence of multifocal tumors. Here, we report a case of a multifocal glomus tumor involving the parotid gland (2 cm), ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid-clavicular soft tissue (1.5 cm), and ipsila...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Sinonasal Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: A Brief Review of Literature
Conclusions
SN-MEC is a rare entity that presents at a higher grade and has lower 5-year disease-specific survival when compared with MEC of the major salivary glands. Correct recognition is important because of the impact on clinical management and prognosis. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Source Type: research
Adamantinoma Mimicking Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Problem of Anchoring Bias and Confounding Immunohistochemistry (p40) Staining
We report a case of an adamantinoma demonstrating heretofore unreported immunohistochemical expression of p40 that was interpreted to be a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma on the biopsy. This misdiagnosis can be attributed to anchoring bias from the submitted clinical information and this unreported clinical phenomenon. We discuss the nature of anchoring bias and the breadth and depth of its influence on the practice of pathology, as well as document the heretofore unreported expression of p40 by an adamantinoma. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Benign Pseudoglandular Mesothelial Cell Inclusions in Cervical Lymph Nodes of a Patient With Multiple Malignancies: Case Report and Review of Literature
We report the case of a 27-year-old woman with a history of chronic myelogenous leukemia, diagnosed at age 5 years, and a recent diagnosis of alveolar soft part sarcoma of the left parotid gland. The patient underwent a left parotidectomy and neck dissection with intraoperative finding of abnormal lymph nodes in levels II to V. Histological examination revealed clusters of bland cells with pseudoglandular formation in 6 of 14 level IV/V lymph nodes. Immunological stains were consistent with mesothelial origin, and the diagnosis of benign mesothelial cell inclusions was made. Recognition of this entity in the evaluation of ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Primary Peritoneal Mesothelioma With Clear Cell Morphology Presenting With Multiple Liver Masses: Report of a Case With a Unique VHL Y98fs*24 Mutation and Indolent Clinical Course
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma represents less than a quarter of all malignant mesothelioma cases. Malignant mesothelioma can be classified based on morphology into epithelioid, sarcomatoid, or mixed types. Peritoneal epithelioid mesothelioma with predominant clear cell features is very rare and mimics various malignancies posing a diagnostic challenge. Here we report a rare case of primary peritoneal mesothelioma with clear cell features presenting with liver masses. A 68-year-old man who had multiple liver nodules on imaging was admitted for worsening abdominal pain. He complained of intermittent abdominal pain for mo...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Clinically Suspected Dysgerminoma Sent for Frozen Section Confirmation: A Case With Review and Differential Diagnosis of Clear Cell Carcinoma
Discussion will focus on ovarian cancers with clear cells with particular emphasis given to clear cell carcinoma. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Fumarate Hydratase–Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Review
Fumarate hydratase (FH)–deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has emerged in recent years as a subtype of renal tumors that show diverse morphologic patterns with predominance of papillary architecture. Most of these tumors show high-grade cytologic features and at least focally prominent eosinophilic macronucleoli with perinuclear halos. Infrequently, these tumors show low-grade oncocytic cytologic features. Fumarate hydratase–deficient RCCs are characterized by inactivating FH gene mutations resulting in FH loss and 2-succinocysteine [2SC] accumulation, demonstrable by immunohistochemistry. A vast majority of these tu...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Source Type: research
Malignant Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor Mimicking Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Diagnostic Pitfall
We describe a case of metastatic malignant renal perivascular epithelioid cell tumor in a 56-year-old male. Computed tomography initially revealed bilateral heterogeneous enhancing kidney masses, the right one significantly larger than the left. The patient underwent a right radical nephrectomy. Upon gross examination, the mass was infiltrating into the surrounding fat and had a heterogeneous cut surface with multiple hemorrhagic foci. Histologically, majority of cells were highly atypical with abundant clear cytoplasm, pleomorphic nuclei, and enlarged prominent nucleoli. Extensive lymphovascular invasion was noted. Based ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
