Pathologic Staging of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors: What Is New in the Eighth Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual?
The recently published eighth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual addresses and incorporates a substantial number of advances in our understanding of bone and soft tissue sarcomas. A greater emphasis has been placed on the anatomic site of origin resulting in new staging systems. In addition, modifications to the existing AJCC prognostic stage groups and implementation of new prognostic stage groups for certain anatomic sites and tumor types were made. Minor changes in the biologic grading of bone sarcomas were also included. For retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas, a nomogram providing additional prognostic informa...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
The American Joint Committee on Cancer Eighth Edition: Changes in Thyroid Carcinoma Staging and an Update on Reporting
The AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Eighth Edition (AJCC 8th edition) contains a number of significant changes, many of which affect the reporting of clinicopathologic parameters in thyroid cancers. The first key change is the separation of medullary thyroid carcinoma into its own chapter. Within differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, anaplastic carcinomas are now assigned a T stage similar to differentiated thyroid carcinomas. However, this is largely cosmetic because these are still assigned stage group IV. Perhaps the most significant alteration from a reporting standpoint is revision of extrathyroidal extension ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Pathologic Staging of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: Changes and Updates in the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th Edition and College of American Pathologists' Cancer Protocol
The eighth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual has been published, and the new staging schemes will be applicable in 2018. The College of American Pathologists has also released an updated protocol incorporating these changes. While the overall T and N categories are similar to the seventh edition, the definitions of intramucosal adenocarcinoma, T4a category, and tumor deposits have been made more precise. The category of M1c has been created for peritoneal metastasis because of its worse outcome. In the College of American Pathologists protocol, tumor budding and venous invasion have been incorporated as recommended...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Accurate Assessment of Histologic Parameters That Impact Lung Cancer Staging: Implications for the American Joint Committee on Cancer Eighth Edition TNM Classification
The eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Classification represents a paradigm shift in lung cancer staging. Some staging parameters, such as the visceral pleural invasion, have not changed. Others are a significant departure from the prior edition, including tumor size used to assign T category, which for the first time is based solely on the invasive component, excluding any lepidic component. Understanding how to assess these histologic parameters will allow pathologists to contribute to the improved care of lung cancer patients through accurate pathologic staging. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Genitourinary Updates in the Eighth Edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual
This article describes the changes and some of the background supportive literature and provides appropriate explanatory illustrations. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Controversies in Gynecologic Cancer Staging: An AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Eighth Edition Perspective
Staging systems provide a common language to support clinical research and decision making in patients with cancer. The eighth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual incorporates updates that reflect evolving clinical practices and scientific insights. The present article summarizes changes that have been made for gynecologic subsites and outlines continued challenges. Gynecologic American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer staging continues to conform closely to current International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology staging. The eighth edition is aligned with the major revision made to ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Changes and Clarifications in the Eighth Edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging System for Breast Cancer
In the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for breast cancer, the definitions for T (tumor), N (nodes), and M (metastases) remain substantially unchanged but with clarifications for certain categories that may have been problematic for pathologists and clinicians. The principal change is the decision to exclude lobular carcinoma in situ from T classification. In contrast, there is a major change in how stage is determined by introducing a new clinical prognostic stage and a new pathological prognostic stage. These prognostic stages incorporate information about grade, estrogen receptor e...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
International Harmonization of Cancer Diagnosis, Staging, and Data Sets for Pathology Reporting—The Role of the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
A Perspective on Standardized Tumor Staging, Tumor Nomenclature, and Surgical Pathology Reports
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Introduction to Updates in the Reporting of Selected Tumor Sites
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - April 28, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
The “Atypical Glandular Cells” Papanicolaou Test: Recent Updates
Atypical glandular cells are gynecologic cytology abnormalities representing glandular cells with morphologic changes that exceed obvious reactive/reparative changes, but fall short of an interpretation of adenocarcinoma either quantitatively or qualitatively. This cytological diagnosis occurs in less than 1% of the results of gynecologic cytology tests (0.2%–0.8%) but potentially reflects a wide range of conditions, from benign changes and cervical squamous/glandular precursor lesions, to invasive cervical or other gynecologic cancers. In this article, we aim at reviewing different subcategories, potential ancillary stu...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - March 1, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to the Uterine Cervix Versus Primary Cervical Adenocarcinoma
Adenocarcinoma metastases to the cervix can originate from the endometrium, the upper müllerian tract, or from extramüllerian sites such as the gastrointestinal and pancreatobiliary tract, bladder, breast, lung, or even the salivary gland. In some cases, the metastatic lesions have signet-ring morphology, infiltrative pattern, and/or extensive lymphovascular spread. In others, however, the distinction between a primary cervical lesion and a metastasis to the cervix is more challenging because metastases may mimic endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ by colonizing the native endocervical mucosa through intraepithelial spre...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - March 1, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Case Review: Gastric-Type Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix and Precursor Lesions
This report reviews the pertinent medical literature, differential diagnoses, etiology, and pitfalls of this disease, as well as use of immunohistochemistry and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in establishing the diagnosis. The morphology of these tumors can range from extremely well differentiated (minimal deviation adenocarcinoma) to poorly differentiated, and therefore, the differential diagnosis can be quite varied. On one end of the spectrum, the tumor can be difficult to differentiate from benign endocervical glands, whereas at the other end, it can be difficult to determine the origin of the tumor. Because these ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - March 1, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Glandular Pseudoneoplasms of the Uterine Cervix
Several benign glandular lesions of the uterine cervix can mimic malignancy. These glandular pseudoneoplasms include microglandular hyperplasia, lobular and diffuse laminar types of endocervical glandular hyperplasia, tunnel clusters, adenomyoma of endocervical type, mesonephric hyperplasia, ectopic prostate, endometriosis and tuboendometrioid metaplasia, and the Arias-Stella reaction, among others. Each of these entities may show a variety of unusual morphologic features that complicate the diagnosis. This review covers the clinical and pathologic features of this selected group of glandular pseudoneoplasms, as well as th...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - March 1, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Classification and Grading
Discussion of human papillomavirus detection in different tumor types is provided. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - March 1, 2018 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
