Brain Tumors: Updates and Practical Considerations
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - March 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Spironolactone Bodies: An Interesting Pathological Phenomenon in Adrenal Aldosteronomas
We present a brief summary of his presentation, diagnostic work-up, operative management, and outcome. The association of spironolactone bodies (S bodies) with the use of spironolactone in patients with Conn syndrome is described. Furthermore, the incidence, pathophysiology, and histological characteristics or S bodies are reviewed. This case is educational as it provides a concise summary of the workup for adrenal aldosteronomas. Additionally, it highlights a rare and poorly understood pathological feature unique to this tumor type. Recognition of S bodies in a surgical specimen adds to diagnostic certainty and may avoid ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Intrahepatic Mass-Forming Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in a Patient With Sickle Cell Disease: Case Report and Literature Review
We describe a rare case of mass-forming EMH that presented as two intrahepatic lesions, radiologically well-demarcated and nonenhancing on computed tomography. On magnetic resonance imaging, the lesions appeared T1 hypointense and T2 hyperintense with restricted diffusion. The lesions were discovered at the surgical workup for acute cholecystitis in a patient with previous history notable for sickle cell disease. Given the radiological concern for a neoplastic process, an ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed and diagnosed histologically as EMH. A review of the current literature detailing the common clinical, radiologica...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Unsuspected Cirrhosis-Like Subtype of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Explanted Liver: A Review
Cirrhosis-like hepatocellular carcinoma is a rare subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma that is mostly diagnosed at time of liver transplantation or autopsy and is not clinically suspected preoperatively or premortem. This entity is characterized by numerous distinct neoplastic foci that arise within regenerative cirrhotic nodules. Knowledge of this subtype of HCC is important for comprehensive examination of explanted and autopsy liver specimens. The clinical presentation, gross, histology, and prognosis are discussed in this review. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis With Solitary Hepatic Involvement in an Adult Patient: Diagnosis, Transplantation, and Recurrence
We describe an unusual case of LCH with solitary hepatic involvement. Histopathologic materials from both native and allograft specimens, including all biopsies, explant hepatectomies, and correlating clinical data accumulated over a 10-year interval, were reviewed. A 46-year-old woman presented with jaundice and pruritus. An initial workup including liver biopsy led to the diagnosis of antimitochondrial antibody–negative primary biliary cholangitis with advanced fibrosis. Within a year, the patient progressed to decompensated cirrhosis requiring transplantation. Her posttransplant course was complicated by frequent bout...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Combined Erdheim-Chester Disease and Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in the Lung: A Report of 2 Patients With Overlap Syndrome
We report two cases of ECD-LCH “overlap syndrome” occurring in the lung. In both cases, the diagnoses were supported by typical immunohistochemical patterns, and in both cases, the BRAF V600E mutation was identified by next-generation sequencing and confirmed by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. In neither case was either diagnosis suspected. The recognition of overlap histiocytoses is important. Although LCH and ECD may differ in treatment and prognosis, in some cases, such as the two patients reported here, they may have the same activating mutations and may be able to be treated with the same targeted thera...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Congenital Solitary Orbital Juvenile Xanthogranuloma. Report of a Case With Challenging Clinical and Microscopic Presentation
In conclusion, JXG is capable of spontaneous regression, and for this, its management can be conservative. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
ETV6-NTRK3–Positive Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Ileum: Report of an Infantile Case and Review of the Differential Diagnosis of Pediatric Intestinal Polypoid Lesions
We report a case of an intestinal polyp causing intussusception in a 2-month-old boy. The resected polyp was diagnosed by histology and immunohistochemistry as an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)–negative inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), and the ETS variant 6 (ETV6)–neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (NTRK3) fusion gene was detected by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Recently, histologically definitive, ALK-negative IMTs possessing the ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an intestinal IMT harboring ETV6-NTRK3. In the differe...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Adamantinoma of the Femur With High-Grade Epithelial and Sarcomatoid Components: Case Report and Review of the Literature
We present the case of a 48-year-old woman who presented with a 5-cm proximal femoral lytic lesion at risk of pathologic fracture. Frozen-section evaluation demonstrated an intimate admixture of atypical squamous nests and spindle cells, consistent with metastatic sarcomatoid carcinoma, so prophylactic intramedullary nailing was completed. Postoperative clinical and radiologic evaluation failed to identify a primary carcinoma, and short-term follow-up demonstrated rapid tumor spread throughout the femur and thigh. The patient underwent hip disarticulation, and microscopic examination demonstrated areas of classic adamantin...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Diagnostic Dilemma: Atypical Giant Cell Tumor of Bone Versus Primary Giant Cell Sarcoma
We present a case of a 24-year-old man presenting with 6 weeks of thigh pain. Biopsy demonstrated a benign-appearing GCTB, and final pathology after intralesional curettage yielded the same diagnosis. At 12 weeks postoperatively, a biopsy was performed for a recurrence on imaging, and two independent pathologists confirmed a recurrent GCTB. Single-agent chemotherapy was initiated, yet the patient developed an enlarging soft tissue mass at the same location along with new pulmonary nodules. The patient underwent a third biopsy of the thigh mass as well as a pulmonary wedge resection. The diagnosis at this time was primary g...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Clear Cell Tumor of the Maxilla With MAML2 and EWSR1 Gene Rearrangements: A True Hybrid or a Flourescence in Situ Hybridization Fumble?
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma and clear cell variant of mucoepidermoid carcinoma are rare and aggressive tumors that usually affect individuals in the fifth decade of life and have a predilection for the maxilla and mandible. Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma is characterized by EWSR1 gene rearrangement, whereas MAML 2 gene rearrangement is pathognomonic for mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis for rearrangement of these genes can be extremely helpful in difficult cases when conventional histological distinction is not possible. Herein, we describe a unique case in which a 69-year-old man...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Bilateral Multifocal Warthin Tumors Mimicking Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Rare Case Posing a Diagnostic Challenge
We report an unusual diagnostically challenging case of synchronous, bilateral, multifocal intraparotid and extraparotid Warthin tumors mimicking a metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. We also highlight the usefulness of intraoperative consultation in guiding appropriate management in such cases. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Unusual Human Papillomavirus–Related Neoplasms of the Head and Neck: A Case Series and Review of Literature
We report a series of cases involving two unique HPV-mediated neoplasms. Human papillomavirus–related multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinoma is a locally aggressive tumor arising exclusively in the sinonasal tract with pathologic features reminiscent of high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma. Ciliated adenosquamous carcinoma often presents as a unilateral neck mass and consists of admixed nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and glandular elements, which may be deceptively bland. Cilia are often present, which are traditionally associated with benignity and may lead to misdiagnosis as a benign branchial cleft cyst. In most ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Rare But Important Diagnostic Entities II: Potpourri of Case Reports With Pitfalls and Teachable Moments
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - January 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Soft Tissue Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Tumor With Whole-Exome Sequencing Findings: An Unexpected Presentation of Lynch Syndrome
We report a case of FRCT presenting as a right thigh mass in a 67-year-old woman with no prior malignancies. Gross examination showed a 10.6-cm tan well-circumscribed intramuscular mass. Microscopic examination revealed a discohesive population of cells with indistinct pale cytoplasm and large irregular, atypical vesicular nuclei with variably prominent nucleoli in a collagenous background infiltrated by lymphocytes. The tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin, cytokeratins (in a dendritic pattern), and CD163, while negative for CD21, CD35, and CD23, supporting the diagnosis of FRCT. Whole-exome sequencing reveal...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2019 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
