Collision Tumor Composed of Renal Oncocytoma and Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma: Not a Rare Occurrence
In this study, upon review of this index case and a second case encountered in our practice, we performed molecular characterization of each component using next-generation sequencing, which did not detect any somatic mutations. In addition, we reviewed resection cases of oncocytomas for previously undetected MTSCC components. While no additional definitive oncocytoma-MTSCC collision tumor cases were identified, 2 cases with entrapped tubules within the central scar of the oncocytoma that possessed some features of MTSCC were encountered, raising the differential diagnosis of oncocytoma-MTSCC collision tumors versus entrap...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
A Guide to Differentiating Thrombotic Microangiopathies Through a Case of Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Thrombotic microangiopathies are rare life-threatening diseases that require prompt diagnosis and treatment to increase patient survival. The prototypical thrombotic microangiopathies are classic hemolytic-uremic syndrome, caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Included in the differential diagnoses and showing overlapping clinical features is antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and the more severe form, catastrophic APS. Here, we discuss the general approach to thrombotic microangiopathies through a case of APS that later developed into its catastrophic variant. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Rare But Important Diagnostic Entities: A New Collection
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - November 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Sialadenitis of the Major Salivary Glands: A Tumor-Like Lesion of Various Etiologies and Morphological Appearances
Inflammatory conditions of salivary glands—so-called sialadenitis—may clinically and histologically resemble a true neoplasm and result in a surgical resection. This review summarizes distinctive morphological patterns of inflammation that affect major salivary glands, and within this context, an unusual case of sialadenitis is also presented. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - September 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Review Source Type: research
Cytohistologic Features of Salivary Gland Lymphomas
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - September 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Cytologic and Histologic Aspects of High-Grade Transformation of Salivary Gland Carcinoma
High-grade transformation (HGT) is a process whereby low- to intermediate-grade carcinomas transform into high-grade, poorly differentiated, or undifferentiated carcinomas. In salivary gland tumor pathology, several terminologies, including dedifferentiation or hybrid tumor, have been adopted to describe tumors that do not fit into one distinct tumor type. As HGT confers a poor prognosis despite initial tumor type, the finding of HGT must be recognized for optimal patient management. Preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsy is typically positive for malignancy, but the recognition of both low- and high-grade components i...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - September 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: Benefits and Cautions
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a well-established procedure for the diagnosis and management of salivary gland lesions despite challenges imposed by their diversity, complexity, and cytomorphological overlap. Until recently, the reporting of salivary gland FNA specimens was inconsistent among different institutions throughout the world, leading to diagnostic confusion among pathologists and clinicians. In 2015, an international group of pathologists initiated the development of an evidence-based tiered classification system for reporting salivary gland FNA specimens, the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopatho...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - September 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Navigating the Differential Diagnosis for Oncocytic Salivary Gland Lesions (Cytology and Histology)
We report the case of a 77-year-old man who presented with a right parotid mass identified on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan that was cystic with necrosis and with possible papillary growth in the cyst. The FNA smears were scantly cellular, with a few representative groups with significant nuclear crowding and overlapping in a bloody background. The cells had oncocytic cytoplasm, an increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, and round-to-oval nuclei with prominent nucleoli. Necrosis, mitoses, and significant nuclear pleomorphism were not identified. The findings were interpreted as consistent with an ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - September 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Review Source Type: research
Diagnosing Recently Defined and Uncommon Salivary Gland Lesions in Limited Cellularity Specimens: Cytomorphology and Ancillary Studies
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has proven to be an essential step in the preoperative evaluation of patients with salivary gland lesions. The diagnosis rendered on FNA specimens helps streamline clinical and/or surgical management. However, despite its usefulness, FNA has known limitations. Fine-needle aspiration may fail to provide a specific diagnosis in some cases because of limited aspirated material, cellular makeup, and/or morphologic heterogeneity. The field of salivary gland pathology is rapidly changing because of the identification of new entities and reclassification of existing lesions based on morphologic featur...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - September 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Source Type: research
Ancillary Testing of Salivary Gland Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Material
Salivary gland tumors are often challenging to diagnose, particularly in cytologic material. Advances in our understanding of the molecular alterations in different salivary neoplasms have improved the ancillary testing tools available to resolve diagnostic uncertainty and refine clinical management options. Using a morphologically based approach focused on common basaloid and oncocytic/clear cell tumors, this review discusses the current role of immunohistochemical and fluorescence in situ hybridization–based testing as tools for diagnosing salivary gland tumors in fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - September 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Review Source Type: research
Salivary Gland Cytopathology and Histopathology: Practical Insights and Updates From the World Health Organization Classification
No abstract available (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - September 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
A Case Report of Capecitabine-Associated Bowel Inflammation With a Novel Mutation of the DPYD Gene
Capecitabine is a fluoropyrimidine used in chemotherapeutic regiments in patients with colorectal cancer. Diarrhea and hand-foot syndrome are common adverse effects of capecitabine treatment in patients with colorectal cancer,1,2 whereas steatohepatitis is rather uncommon. In this case report, we present the case of a patient with colon cancer receiving adjuvant capecitabine treatment and suffering from severe therapy-refractory diarrhea, hand-foot syndrome, and steatosis hepatis caused by a novel mutation of the DPYD gene and a swelling of the bowel, which presented as an unusually early relapse tumor. (Source: Pathology Case Reviews)
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - July 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Pulmonary Embolus of Benign Liver Tissue Following Partial Hepatectomy
We report the case of a 55-year-old man with metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor involving the liver and lung. He underwent a left hepatectomy to resect a large mass in the liver followed by a right lung lower lobectomy 4 months later to resect a smaller mass in the lung. The histologic evaluation of the lung specimen revealed a 0.1-cm nodule of ectopic benign liver tissue within a lumen of a small pulmonary artery. Histochemical and immunohistochemical stains were consistent with benign liver and did not provide support for metastatic well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is ...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - July 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor of Kidney in Pregnancy: A Rare Case Report
We report the case of a 21-year-old woman who presented with hypertension in the first trimester of pregnancy, which was attributed to and treated as pregnancy-induced hypertension. Routine ultrasonography of abdomen in the fourth month revealed a right renal mass. Patient underwent preterm delivery in the seventh month, and the infant did not survive, and subsequently after 1 month, a partial nephrectomy was performed. The diagnosis of juxtaglomerular cell tumor was confirmed by light microscopy. The tumor was positive for CD34 and vimentin. Electron microscopy showed the characteristic rhomboid renin granules in the cyto...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - July 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
A Rare Case of Invasive Gastric Mucormycosis in a Patient With Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
We report a case of invasive gastric mucormycosis in an 88-year-old man with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, who presented with complaints of fever, coffee-ground emesis, and abdominal pain. On admission, he was hemodynamically unstable, severely malnourished, and somnolent. Abdominal tenderness was present in addition to neutropenia and severe anemia, requiring numerous transfusions. Endoscopy was performed showing multiple necrotic ulcers within the stomach. Histopathology revealed tissue-invasive mucormycosis. This patient was too ill for treatment and was discharged with hospice. Cases of invasive mucormycosis associate...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - July 1, 2020 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research
