Problematic alcohol use in young adults exposed to childhood trauma: The Tr øndelag Health (HUNT) Study
AbstractProblematic alcohol use (PAU) severely impacts the health, functioning, and long-term prospects of young people. Prior research indicates that childhood trauma exposure may be an important risk factor for PAU, but few longitudinal studies have looked at how specific trauma types influence this risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between childhood trauma exposure and PAU in a large, population-based cohort of young people. The study sample included 1,913 adolescents who participated in the Tr øndelag Health Study (HUNT) between 2006 and 2008 (age range: 12–20) and completed follow-up 10...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 5, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Helle Stangeland,
Helene Flood Aakvaag,
Monica Baumann ‐Larsen,
Tore Wentzel‐Larsen,
Kjersti Storheim,
John Anker Zwart,
Grete Dyb,
Synne Øien Stensland Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Fear of sin and fear of God: Scrupulosity predicts women's daily experiences of mental contamination following sexual trauma
AbstractMental contamination refers to feelings of dirtiness in response to thoughts, images, or memories. Mental contamination is frequently reported after sexual trauma and is associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Differences in individuals ’ views about morality and purity may influence the severity of mental contamination, though this has been studied primarily outside of samples assessed for trauma and/or PTSD. The present study addressed this gap by investigating scrupulosity as a prospective predictor of daily sexual trauma–re lated mental contamination and PTSD symptoms. Participants...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Alyssa C. Jones,
Jordyn M. Tipsword,
C. Alex Brake,
Emily E. Fenlon,
Thomas G. Adams,
Jesse P. McCann,
Christal L. Badour Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Early predictors of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories in U.S. Army soldiers deployed to the Iraq war zone
AbstractThe course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms varies among veterans of war zones, but sources of variation in long-term symptom course remain poorly understood. Modeling of symptom growth trajectories facilitates the understanding of predictors of individual outcomes over time. Although growth mixture modeling (GMM) has been applied to military populations, few studies have incorporated both predeployment and follow-up measurements over an extended time. In this prospective study, 1,087 U.S. Army soldiers with varying military occupational specialties and geographic locations were assessed before and ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jennifer J. Vasterling,
Molly R. Franz,
Lewina O. Lee,
Anica Pless Kaiser,
Susan P. Proctor,
Brian P. Marx,
Paula P. Schnurr,
John Ko,
John Concato,
Mihaela Aslan Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ TOC
(Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress)
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Exploring trajectories in transdiagnostic behavior therapy
AbstractTransdiagnostic treatments have been designed to target common processes for clusters of disorders. One such treatment, transdiagnostic behavior therapy (TBT), targets avoidance across emotional disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders, and has demonstrated efficacy in randomized controlled trials. The current study was designed to examine whether distinct treatment trajectories would emerge in a sample of 112 veterans receiving TBT and whether diagnostic comorbidity, baseline levels of several transdiagnostic risk factors, or treatment engagement influe...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 8, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Daniel F. Gros,
Kevin G. Saulnier,
Nicholas P. Allan Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Introduction to the Special Section on the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies 38th Annual Meeting: Trauma as a transdiagnostic risk factor across the lifespan
This article serves as an introduction to the special section in theJournal of Traumatic Stress related to the 38th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, held in Atlanta, Georgia (USA) in November 2022. The theme of this meeting, “Trauma as a Transdiagnostic Risk Factor Across the Lifespan,” provided an opportunity to recognize the far-reaching impact of trauma and how traumatic experiences can become embedded into the mind, body, and societal spirit. This introductory article outlines the importance of harnessing multip le perspectives to address these wide-ranging sequelae of traum...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 2, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sierra E. Carter,
Jennifer A. Sumner Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Moving toward transdisciplinary approaches to addressing HIV and psychological trauma: Barriers and facilitators to building collaborations
AbstractMost people living with HIV have experienced potentially traumatic events (e.g., physical assault, sexual assault, intimate partner violence) and, consequently, are at risk of trauma-related mental health difficulties, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Yet, research and clinical efforts related to HIV and psychological trauma remain siloed. Guided by the four-phase model of transdisciplinary research, the current study explored barriers and facilitators to transdisciplinary HIV/trauma clinical and research collaborations to address the overlap between HIV and psychological trauma. This exploration rep...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 26, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nada M. Goodrum,
Cristina M. Lopez,
Sara delMas,
Faraday Davies,
Brooke Lampe,
Allison R. Eckard,
Carla Kmett Danielson,
Alyssa A. Rheingold,
Angela D. Moreland Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Age differences in long ‐term mortality among male nonveterans, noncombat veterans, and combat veterans
AbstractResearch documenting differences in mortality risk across the life course between veterans and nonveterans has not accounted for combat status. To address this gap in the literature, the current study examined differences in long-term mortality among midlife and older-adult male nonveterans, noncombat veterans, and combat veterans. Data were drawn from Wave 2 (2004/2005) of the Midlife Development in the United States survey and linked to 2020 mortality data (N = 2,024). Based on interpretation of a veteran-combat status by age interaction term, compared to nonveterans, noncombat veterans experienced a mortality ad...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 24, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Scott D. Landes,
Jennifer R. Piazza Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Associations between DSM ‐5 posttraumatic stress disorder Criterion E2 endorsement and selected self‐destructive behaviors in recent‐era veterans: A focus on disordered eating
We examined associations between E2 and self-reported recent engagement in direct and indirect self-harm behaviors, including disordered eating, which is not included in the prototypical E2 symptom scope, in a trauma-exposed sample of 1,010 recent-era veterans (61.5% self-identified women, 38.5% self-identified men). We also tested whether gender moderated these associations. We repeated analyses in a subsample of participants with clinically elevated PTSD symptoms. Participants self-reported past-month PTSD symptoms (PCL-5) as well as past-month nonsuicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, suicide planning, fasting, purgin...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 24, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rachel L. Zelkowitz,
Shannon M. Kehle ‐Forbes,
Brian N. Smith,
Dawne S. Vogt,
Karen S. Mitchell Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Efficacy of a brief web ‐based tonic immobility psychoeducation intervention among trauma‐exposed adults: A randomized clinical trial
AbstractTonic immobility (TI) is a defensive response that may occur during traumatic events. Although TI is adaptive in certain circumstances, it has been shown to contribute to increased trauma-related symptoms and poorer recovery. However, current frontline treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have not focused significant attention on the experience of TI. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and test the impact of a brief TI-focused psychoeducation (TIP) intervention on posttraumatic cognitions and PTSD symptoms relative to a health education control intervention. The sample included 46 adults with...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Danielle M. Morabito,
Norman B. Schmidt Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Early and recent military and nonmilitary stressors associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms among military service members and their spouses
AbstractDisparities in posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) have been observed among military service members (SMs) and spouses (SPs) compared to their civilian peers, but exposure to military stressors does not adequately explain observed differences. Using a stress process framework, this study considered the associations between early and recent military and nonmilitary stressors and PTSS among SMs and SPs. We analyzed data from 3,314 SM –SP dyads in the Millennium Cohort and Millennium Cohort Family Studies. Accounting for covariates, multiple linear regression and dominance analyses were employed to consider the eff...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 19, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kathrine S. Sullivan,
Yangjin Park,
Sabrina Richardson,
Julie Cederbaum,
Valerie Stander,
James Jaccard Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Symptom validity indices in the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM ‐5
AbstractThe use of symptom validity tests (SVTs) is standard practice in psychodiagnostic assessments. Embedded measures are indices within self-report measures. To date, no embedded SVTs have been identified in the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist forDSM-5 (PCL-5). This research aimed to develop and validate PCL-5 SVTs in two samples of veterans. Participants completed one of two prospective research studies that included cognitive and psychological tests. Participants in Study 1 were veterans (N = 464) who served following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks; participants in Study 2 were veterans or service ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 19, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Robert D. Shura,
Jared A. Rowland,
Holly M. Miskey,
Anna S. Ord,
Anna T. Magnante,
the VA Mid ‐Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup,
Sarah L. Martindale Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Negative affect provides a context for increased distrust in the daily lives of individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment
We examined the associations between CM and both distrust and interpersonal threat sensitivity in daily life and investigated whether momentary negative affect (NA) provides a context that strengthens this association. Hypotheses were based on cognitive models of trauma and the feelings-as-information theory. In a 7-day ambulatory assessment study with six semirandom daily prompts (2,295 total), we measured self-reported momentary NA and assessed behavioral trust as well as interpersonal threat sensitivity via facial emotion ratings with two novel experimental paradigms in 61 participants with varying levels of CM (45,900 ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sara E. Schmitz,
Inga Niedtfeld,
Sean P. Lane,
Katja I. Seitz,
Johanna Hepp Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Reimagining traumatic stress studies as a participatory science grounded in critical self ‐reflection: A call to action
AbstractRecognizing the need for a transformative shift to advance scholarship and practice focused on traumatic stress, this paper emerged from a special invited panel at the 38th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS). The panel brought together scholars from interdisciplinary backgrounds, including psychology, public health, and social work, to share their unique perspectives and experiences harnessing a collaborative, critical, and strengths-based lens in research. This piece invites the field to consider the importance of cultural humility as a foundational, nonnegotiable prac...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 11, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Zuleka Henderson,
Maryam Kia ‐Keating,
Briana Woods‐Jaeger Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Traumatic brain injury and mental health outcomes among recently incarcerated men
This study examined the association between experiencing a traumatic brain injury (TBI) before or during incarceration and several postrelease negative mental health consequences in a cohort of men recently released from prison. The goal of the study was to explicate the variety of mental health –related issues incurring a TBI has on one's ability to successfully reintegrate back into society following incarceration. Using data from the LoneStar Project, we used ordinary least squares regression and logistic regression to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms, stress, trauma flashb acks, and psychosis in a represe...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 10, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Chantal Fahmy,
Alexander Testa,
Dylan B. Jackson Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
