Sexual compulsivity, erectile dysfunction, and suicidality among male survivors of military sexual violence
AbstractAlthough military sexual trauma (MST) is associated with an increased risk of suicide, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation among service members and veterans, there is limited knowledge regarding the mechanisms of MST and suicidality among men. The current study examined whether MST was associated with sexual compulsivity and/or erectile dysfunction and if these, in turn, explained elevated suicidal thoughts and the likelihood of engaging in future suicidal behavior after accounting for mental health, military, and demographic characteristics. Service members and veterans who reported their gender as male (N = ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rebecca K. Blais,
Bingyu Xu,
Tim Hoyt,
Tierney Lorenz,
Lindsey L. Monteith Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Combining a stellate ganglion block with prolonged exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: A nonrandomized clinical trial
AbstractProlonged exposure therapy (PE) is an efficacious treatment for active duty service members and veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, PE is sometimes associated with high dropout rates, limited tolerability, and temporary symptom exacerbation during treatment. Stellate ganglion blocks (SGBs) are an emerging treatment that has the potential to enhance outcomes for PTSD when combined with trauma-focused psychotherapy. To date, no study of which we are aware has examined the potential additive benefits of SGB injections when administered in conjunction with trauma-focused behavioral treatment fo...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 2, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Alan L. Peterson,
Casey L. Straud,
Stacey Young ‐McCaughan,
John P. McCallin,
Matthew Hoch,
Napoleon P. Roux,
Lauren Koch,
Jose Lara‐Ruiz,
John D. Roache,
Jennifer M. Hein,
Tabatha H. Blount,
for the STRONG STAR Consortium Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
The role of violence perpetration in driving externalizing problems and offending behavior among youth from eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
AbstractYouth in conflict-affected regions are exposed to a multitude of traumatic events. These individuals often witness violence; experience it firsthand; and, in some cases, become perpetrators. The interplay of events shapes systematic trauma histories that may have unique implications for youths ’ mental health. In a cross-sectional study conducted in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), we interviewed 295 war-affected youth (63.4% boys,Mage = 16.70 years), including former child soldiers (n = 171), regarding their traumatic experiences and mental health. Using latent class analysis, we identified four commo...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lars Dumke,
Roos Haer,
Annika Zawadka,
Charlotte Salmen,
Tobias Hecker Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The impact of prior head injury on outcomes following group and individual cognitive processing therapy among military personnel
This study examined the impact of a history of head injury (HHI) on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms in active duty military personnel following group and individual cognitive processing therapy (CPT). Data for these secondary analyses were drawn from a clinical trial comparing group and individual CPT. Service members (N = 268, 91.0% male) were randomized to 12 sessions of group (n = 133) or individual (n = 135) CPT. Most participants (57.1%) endorsed a deployment-related HHI, 92.8% of whom reported currently experiencing symptoms (CES) related to the head injury (i.e., HHI/CES). Patients class...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 31, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jennifer Schuster Wachen,
Jim Mintz,
Stefanie T. LoSavio,
Jan E. Kennedy,
Willie J. Hale,
Casey L. Straud,
Katherine A. Dondanville,
John Moring,
Abby E. Blankenship,
Richard Vandiver,
Stacey Young ‐McCaughan,
Jeffrey S. Yarvis,
Alan L. Pete Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Machine learning prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder trajectories following traumatic injury: Identification and validation in two independent samples
AbstractDue to its heterogeneity, the prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) development after traumtic injury is difficult. Recent machine learning approaches have yielded insight into predicting PTSD symptom trajectories. Using data collected within 1 month of traumatic injury, we applied eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) to classify admitted and discharged patients (hospitalized,n = 192; nonhospitalized,n = 214), recruited from a Level 1 trauma center, according to PTSD symptom trajectories. Trajectories were identified using latent class mixed models on PCL-5 scores collected at baseline, 1 –3 months posttr...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Carissa W. Tomas,
Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald,
Carisa Bergner,
Cecilia J. Hillard,
Christine L. Larson,
Terri A. deRoon ‐Cassini Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Posttraumatic cognitions and sexual assault: Understanding the role of cognition type in posttraumatic stress symptoms and problematic alcohol use
This study examined the role of posttraumatic cognitions in this association among college women (N = 530) who experienced either an alcohol-involved assault or non –alcohol-involved assault, using baseline assessment data from a larger study examining cognitive and emotional risk factors for problem drinking. Conditional path analysis was used to examine the indirect effects of posttraumatic cognitions on the association between PTSS and alcohol use conseque nces, with assault type as a moderator. The findings revealed a significant indirect path from PTS to alcohol use consequences through posttraumatic cognitions,B = ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 24, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Elizabeth Lehinger,
Michele Bedard ‐Gilligan,
Ash Holloway,
Debra Kaysen Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Associations between parent posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and later child PTSS: Results from an international data archive
AbstractThe extant literature indicates that parent and child posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are associated. However, the magnitude of this association at different time points and in the context of covariates has been difficult to quantify due to the methodological limitations of past studies, including small sample sizes. Using data from the Prospective studies of Acute Child Trauma and Recovery Data Archive, we harmonized participant-level parent and child data from 16 studies (N = 1,775 parent –child dyads) that included prospective assessment of PTSS during both the acute and later posttrauma periods (i.e., 1...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 16, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michael J. Silverstein,
Joanna Herress,
Sarah Ostrowski ‐Delahanty,
Victoria Stavropoulos,
Nancy Kassam‐Adams,
Brian P. Daly Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Network analysis of mild traumatic brain injury, persistent neurobehavioral and psychiatric symptoms, and functional disability among recent ‐era United States veterans
AbstractRecent-era U.S. veterans are clinically complex, with a high prevalence of co-occurring mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), psychiatric conditions, and behavioral dysfunction. The current study examined the direct and indirect associations between mTBI and persistent neurobehavioral, psychiatric, and functional disability symptoms among recent-era U.S. veterans and service members (n = 648). We evaluated the postconcussive syndrome (PCS) potential causal model with two network analysis modeling approaches. Separate analyses were conducted for military mTBI and lifetime mTBI. An exploratory factor analysis was condu...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 6, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jennifer R. Fonda,
Michael L. Crowe,
Laura K. Levin,
Audreyana Jagger ‐Rickels,
Brian P. Marx,
William P. Milberg,
Regina E. McGlinchey,
Catherine B. Fortier Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ TOC
(Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress)
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
#BlueGirl: A study of collective trauma on Twitter
AbstractCollective trauma is the outcome of traumatic incidents that necessitate collective self-reflection and create a need for public discourse. Access to social media allows individuals to shape event coverage beyond what is put forth by mainstream media through hashtag-based communities. The death of Sahar Khodayari, or “Blue Girl,” an Iranian woman who committed suicide after being sentenced to prison for appearing in a sports stadium dressed as a man, is one such event that became a collective trauma. The current study sought to examine the collective trauma reaction among Farsi-speaking Twitter users in resp on...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 2, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Zahra Abtahi,
Leila Zahedi,
Zarrin Eizadyar,
Nicole M. Fava Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The mental health of forcibly displaced couples
AbstractMost current research investigating traumatic stress is focused on its effects at the individual level, utilizing the implicit assumption that trauma-related disorders are mutually independent within families and communities. However, there is reason to assume that trauma-related symptoms within couples are influenced by each partner's risk factors and symptoms. Using the actor –partner interdependence model, this study aimed to test whether symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression were predicted by participants’ partner's exposure to traumatic events over and above the influence of the p...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Harem Nareeman Mahmood,
Hawkar Ibrahim,
Azad Ali Ismail,
Frank Neuner Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Lifetime trauma exposure profiles and alcohol use over time among U.S. Reserve and National Guard soldiers
AbstractAlthough trauma exposure is a recognized risk factor for alcohol use, research on military populations has emphasized combat exposure, with minimal consideration of exposure to other potentially traumatic events (PTEs). We aimed to (a) identify, characterize, and quantify subgroups of service members based on PTE patterns; (b) examine associations between trauma exposure subgroups and alcohol use; and (c) examine these associations longitudinally. Data were drawn from Operation: SAFETY, a longitudinal study of health and well-being among U.S. Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers (N = 478). Exposure to 15 PTEs, incl...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Bonnie M. Vest,
Nomi S. Weiss ‐Laxer,
D. Lynn Homish,
Gregory G. Homish Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Identifying child protection workers at risk for secondary traumatization: A latent class analysis of the Professional Quality of Life Scale –5
This study aimed to test the applicability of latent class analysis (LCA) to identify employees at risk for clinically relevant ST symptoms. LCA was used to identify patterns of ST symptom endorsement using the Professional Quality of Life Scale –5 (ProQoL) in a national sample of Danish child protection workers (CPW;N = 545). Predictors and associated levels of distress and functional impairment across the symptom presentations were tested using regression analysis, and three classes were identified. A total of 3.8% (n = 21) of participants were at high risk of endorsing symptoms of ST that were associated with sign...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Maria L. Vang,
Jesper Pihl ‐Thingvad,
Mark Shevlin Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A laboratory examination of risky sexual behavior among female sexual trauma survivors
AbstractSexual violence against women is highly prevalent on college campuses. Survivors of sexual violence often engage in coping strategies such as risky sexual behavior. The present study used a behavioral task to measure sexual risk-taking following experiences of positive or negative affect and an emotion suppression experimental manipulation. Sexually active adult female undergraduates (N = 175) completed measures of sexual traumatization and affective experiences as well as an autobiographical recall task and a delay discounting task for hypothetical sexual outcomes. Half of the participants (n = 87) were asked to s...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 25, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Colin T. Mahoney,
Steven R. Lawyer,
Shelby E. Pemberton,
Kaitlyn M. Marchant Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Identifying and predicting posttraumatic stress symptom states in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder
AbstractBetween-person heterogeneity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is well established. Within-person analyses and theDSM-5 suggest that heterogeneity may also be evident within individuals across time as they move through social contexts and biological cycles. Modeling within-person symptom-level fluctuations may confirm such heterogeneity, elucidate mechanisms of disorder maintenance, and inform time- and person-specific interventions. The present study aimed to identify and predict discrete within-person disorder presentations, orsymptom states, and explore group-level patterns of these states. Adults (N = 20,...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - July 22, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Esther S. Howe,
Aaron J. Fisher Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
