The influence of posttraumatic stress disorder treatment on anxiety sensitivity: Impact of prolonged exposure, sertraline, and their combination
AbstractTrauma-informed beliefs often decrease during posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment. This may also extend to anxiety sensitivity (AS), defined as a fear of anxiety-related sensations and beliefs that anxiety is dangerous and/or intolerable. However, little is known about how AS changes during exposure-based and psychopharmacological PTSD treatments. Further, high AS may be a risk factor for diminished PTSD symptom improvement and increased treatment dropout. To better understand how AS impacts and is impacted by PTSD treatment, we conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial with a sample ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Matthew T. Luciano,
Sonya B. Norman,
Carolyn B. Allard,
Ron Acierno,
Naomi M. Simon,
Kristin L. Szuhany,
Amanda W. Baker,
Murray B. Stein,
Brian Martis,
Peter W. Tuerk,
Sheila A. M. Rauch,
for the PROGrESS Study Team Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Medical board transparency regarding physician sexual misconduct: Two years post –policy updates
AbstractRecent years have seen increased attention to and motivation for addressing sexual violence. Physician sexual misconduct (PSM) represents a significant violation and abuse of power, with consequences for both patients and public trust in medicine. In the United States, the Federation of State Medical Boards released updated policies in 2020 imploring increased transparency and stronger punishments for PSM cases. This brief report presents an assessment of how transparent medical board websites are in disclosing PSM now 2 years after this policy paper. We reviewed the websites for all 50 states and Washington, DC, t...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - November 29, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Madeline J. Bruce,
Ron Acierno Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Posttraumatic stress response following the loss of significant close others in the Great East Japan Earthquake: Fukushima Health Management Survey
This study sought to clarify the impact of the loss of significant close others on posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), as well as the factors associated with PTSS, among individuals who experienced the loss of significant close others (i.e., bereaved group). Self-administered questionnaires were mailed to men and women (N = 180,604) aged 16 years and older living in municipalities that included evacuated areas surrounding the Tokyo Electric Power Company's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, which was significantly damaged following an earthquake and tsunami in March 2011, causing subsequent radiation leakage; this ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - November 10, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mayumi Harigane,
Satomi Nakajima,
Yui Takebayashi,
Masaharu Maeda,
Hironori Nakano,
Seiji Yasumura,
Hirooki Yabe,
Tetsuya Ohira,
Kenji Kamiya,
Mental Health Group of the Fukushima Health Management Survey* Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Impact of moral injury and posttraumatic stress disorder on health care utilization and suicidality in rural and urban veterans
This study explored the impact of moral injury (MI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on health care utilization, mental health complexity, and suicidality in rural and urban veterans. Analyses combined data from the Salt Lake City PTSD Clinic Intake Database and the Department of Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse. Participants (N = 1,545;Mage = 45.9 years) were predominately male (88.3%) and White (87.8%). Adjusted analyses indicated associations between a 1-unit increase in Moral Injury Events Scale (MIES) score and increased mental health complexity,RR = 1.01, 95% CI [1.01, 1.02],p< .001; psychotropic ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - November 4, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kimber J. Parry,
Bret L. Hicken,
Wei Chen,
Jianwei Leng,
Steven Allen,
Zachary Burningham Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Posttraumatic growth related to the COVID ‐19 pandemic among individuals with lived experience of psychiatric disorder
AbstractAlthough the COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to be detrimental to mental health, it may hold a parallel potential for positive change. Little is known about posttraumatic growth (PTG) as a potential outcome for individuals with lived experience of psychiatric disorders following trauma exposure, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were 1,424 adults with lived experience of a psychiatric disorder who took part in a longitudinal study of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic conducted by the National Centre for Mental Health. PTG was measured using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - November 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Catrin Lewis,
Katie Lewis,
Bethan Edwards,
Claudia Evison,
Ann John,
Holly Pearce,
Lawrence Raisanen,
Natalie Richards,
Alice Roberts,
Ian Jones,
Jonathan I. Bisson Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Attrition from pediatric trauma ‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy: A meta‐analysis
The objective of the present study was to conduct a meta-analysis of the rates of attrition from TF-CBT, as well as review factors related to premature termination from this intervention. A total of 22 studies were available for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The prevalence of attrition was 33.9% (95% CI [26.2%, 42.5%]) from 2,059 children receiving TF-CBT. Clinician-rated attrition was 38.5%, and 17.5% did not receive an adequate dose of TF-CBT (e.g., 12+ sessions). Further, the study type was related to differing rates of dropout, with randomized controlled trials having a much lower attrition rate. Regarding risk fact...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - November 2, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rachel Wamser ‐Nanney,
Hannah E. Walker Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Thinking hierarchically about posttraumatic response: Commentary on Lehinger et al. (2022)
AbstractLehinger et al.’s (2022) study on the associations between posttraumatic stress symptoms, posttraumatic cognitions, and alcohol use in sexual assault survivors extends previous research on posttraumatic response to sexual trauma. The study is useful for these purposes but it also raises other interesting qu estions about the nature of posttraumatic response and the structure of psychopathology more generally. In this commentary, we describe Lehinger et al.’s (2022) study and its findings and discuss their potential relevance for emerging transdiagnostic, hierarchical models of psychopathology. (Source: Journ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - November 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Matthew M. Yalch,
Alana R. Gallagher,
Kayleigh N. Watters Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Risk factors for the presence and persistence of posttraumatic stress symptoms following traumatic brain injury in U.S. service members and veterans
This study aimed to identify risk factors predictive of the presence and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom reporting following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 1,301 U.S. service members and veterans (SMVs) divided into four groups: uncomplicated mild TBI (mTBI;n = 543); complicated mild, moderate, severe, and penetrating TBI (n = 230); injured controls (n = 340); and noninjured controls (n = 188). We examined 25 factors related to demographic, injury-related, military-specific, treatment/health care need, and mental health/social support variables. Seven factors were statistically ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 31, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rael T. Lange,
Louis M. French,
Sara Lippa,
Samantha M. Baschenis,
Kelly C. Gillow,
Megan E. Glazer,
Alicia A. Rogers,
Kendal E. Cristaudo,
Jason M. Bailie,
Lars Hungerford,
Jan Kennedy,
Tracey A. Brickell Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
We need to build the evidence: A systematic review of psychological first aid on mental health and well ‐being
AbstractEnsuring effective mental health and psychosocial support is crucial following exposure to a potentially traumatic event and can have long-term consequences for individuals, families, and communities. Psychological first aid (PFA) has become a widespread intervention of choice following exposure to conflict or disaster; however, its impact is unknown. This systematic review assessed PFA efficacy in improving the mental health and psychosocial well-being of individuals exposed to potentially traumatic events. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, PTSDpubs, and EMBASE for peer reviewed studies evaluating programmatic outcome...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sabrina Hermosilla,
Sarah Forthal,
Karolina Sadowska,
Elizabeth B. Magill,
Patricia Watson,
Kathleen M. Pike Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Context, coping, and mental health in refugees living in protracted displacement
This study aimed to understand whether positive and negative internal coping strategies were differentially associated with mental health across high and low levels of external stressors in displaced refugees. Participants were 1,216 refugees living in Indonesia who completed an online survey indexing demographic characteristics, exposure to ongoing stressors, positive psychological coping strategies (i.e., cognitive flexibility, self-efficacy, and hope), negative psychological coping strategies (i.e., rumination and intolerance of uncertainty), psychological symptoms (i.e., posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and a...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 22, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Angela Nickerson,
Joel Hoffman,
David Keegan,
Shraddha Kashyap,
Diah Tricesaria,
Zico Pestalozzi,
Rizka Argadianti Rachmah,
Randy Nandyatama,
Mitra Khakbaz,
Nindita Nilasari,
Belinda J. Liddell Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Therapists ’ experience of the lifeline in narrative exposure therapy
This study aimed to explore the therapist experience of delivering the lifeline component of narrative exposure therapy (NET), an intervention for individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder resulting from exposure to multiple traumatic events. The lifeline in NET involves constructing a chronological representation of the client's life using physical symbols to depict traumatic events as well as positive experiences. A semistructured interview was conducted with 16 therapists experienced in delivering the lifeline component of NET to adult clients. The data from these interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. F...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 21, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jayde Dix,
Miriam Fornells ‐Ambrojo Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Posttraumatic stress disorder and functional impairment among World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees 14 –15 years after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks
This study aimed to identify predictors of functional impairment in individuals with low versus high PTSD symptom severity levels. WTC Health Registry enrollees exposed to 9/11 were surveyed four times between 2003 and 2015; cumulated data for individuals who endorsed at least one symptom on the PTSD Checklist –Civilian Version (PCL-C) at Wave 4 (2015–2016) were included (N = 30,287) and examined cross-sectionally. Individuals were classified based on PCL-C scores as having low/no (2 –29) or high levels of PTSD symptom severity (≥ 44). Functional impairment was defined as subsequent difficulties in daily living. Am...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 15, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Niti U. Trivedi,
Lisa M. Gargano,
Robert M. Brackbill,
Melanie H. Jacobson Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Baseline executive functioning moderates treatment ‐related changes in quality of life in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid traumatic brain injury
AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment has been associated with improvement in quality of life (QOL); however, little is known about factors that moderate treatment-related changes in QOL, particularly cognitive factors. Executive functioning (EF) is important for success across all aspects of everyday life and predicts better psychological and physical health. EF is important to QOL, but more work is needed to better understand the association between EF and QOL improvements following interventions. We hypothesized that poorer baseline EF would be associated with less improvement in overall life satisfacti...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 9, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Laura D. Crocker,
Molly J. Sullan,
Sarah M. Jurick,
Kelsey R. Thomas,
Delaney K. Davey,
Samantha N. Hoffman,
Elizabeth W. Twamley,
Amy J. Jak Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ TOC
(Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress)
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 7, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
WhatsApp supervision for a lay ‐led Islamic trauma‐focused intervention in Somaliland: Qualitative content analysis
This study examined the content and feasibility of remote WhatsApp text supervision conducted as part of an open clinical trial in Somaliland. Islamic Trauma Healing ITH) is a brief, group, lay-lead, trauma-focused, mosque-based intervention that has demonstrated initial efficacy in pilot studies in the United States and Somaliland. After a 2-day, in-person training, lay leaders led four groups of five to seven members focused on trauma-related psychopathology and community reconciliation. Somali lay leaders trained in ITH (n = 9) and the research team (n = 6) attended weekly WhatsApp supervision during the intervention. C...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 7, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Alexandra B. Klein,
Mumin H. Egeh,
Alexandra R. Bowling,
Ash Holloway,
Ayaan Abdillahi Ali,
Zeinab Adam Abdillahi,
Mohamed Ahmed Abdi,
Salma Hassan Ibrahim,
Khadar Hindi Bootan,
Hibaaq Isse Ibrahim,
Aden Mohamed Ali,
Abdirahman Muse Tubeec,
Mi Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
