Employment status among US military veterans with a history of posttraumatic stress disorder: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
This study provides an up-to-date characterization of employment status in a nationally representative sample of U.S. military veterans with a history of PTSD. Results may inform efforts to provide sustainable employment in this segment of the population. (Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress)
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 12, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ian C. Fischer,
Paula P. Schnurr,
Robert H. Pietrzak Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Acceptability of a smartphone ‐based intervention targeting anxiety sensitivity among women receiving emergency care after sexual assault: A pilot uncontrolled trial
AbstractAnxiety sensitivity (AS), defined as the fear of anxious arousal, is a promising therapeutic target to reduce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom development after trauma exposure. Computerized AS interventions have been shown to be acceptable to individuals with PTSD symptoms and effective in achieving symptom reduction; however, to our knowledge, no research has examined AS interventions initiated in the immediate aftermath of trauma. We evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and credibility of a brief (i.e., ∼75 min of psychoeducation, ∼2 hr of ecological momentary intervention) smartphone-based ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nicole A. Short,
Mahlon Brady,
Megan Lechner,
Karen Serrano,
Samuel A. McLean Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Comparing written exposure therapy delivered via telehealth to trauma ‐focused expressive writing in undergraduates: A proof‐of‐concept trial
AbstractThe literature demonstrates that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rates are estimated to be higher on college campuses compared to lifetime estimates in the general population. Written exposure therapy (WET) is a promising brief intervention for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) with a growing literature of evidence suggesting efficacy, lower drop-out rates compared to other evidence-based protocols, and long-term treatment gains. This proof-of-concept study examined the efficacy of WET delivered via telehealth compared to expressive writing (EW), the protocol from which WET was derived. The sample included ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 2, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Robyn A. Ellis,
Benjamin C. Darnell,
Holly K. Orcutt Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Disaster exposure and mental health among Puerto Rican teachers after Hurricane Maria
AbstractThe purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) outcomes among teachers (N = 8,167) exposed to Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico. The findings indicate that the rates of likely significant symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD were 13.1%, 8.7%, and 5.4%, respectively. There were no significant disparities in psychopathological symptoms based on sex, except that female participants were more likely to exhibit anxiety symptoms than their male counterparts, odds ratio (OR) = 1.53. Key disaster-related factors, such as perceived threat, actua...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 2, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Enoch T. Sackey,
Regan W. Stewart,
John Young,
Rosaura Orengo ‐Aguayo Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Minority stress and mental health in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer survivors of sexual assault
AbstractExtant research has shown that sexual violence disproportionately affects lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) individuals, conferring risk for the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and related mental health conditions. However, little research has focused on specific vulnerabilities among LGBTQ+-identified sexual assault (SA) survivors (e.g., minority stress) and their associations with post-SA psychopathology. To address this gap, we examined associations between experiences of minority stress and post-SA psychopathology in a sample of LGBTQ+ individuals who experienced SA (N ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Carter E. Bedford,
Aoife M. Trotter,
Miracle Potter,
Norman B. Schmidt Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Differential impact of type of killing on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in U.S. Army soldiers deployed to Afghanistan
AbstractOver the past 20 years, U.S. military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have been marked by high rates of combat and wartime killings. Research on Vietnam-era service members suggests that the type of killing (i.e., killing a combatant vs. noncombatant) is an important predictor of later mental health problems, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study aimed to update these findings by exploring the impact of type of killing on PTSD symptoms using a sample of postdeployment active duty U.S. Army personnel (N = 875). Using multiple regression analysis, we found that the act of killing a nonco...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 14, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Brian C. Kok,
Moira Dux,
Terry Lee ‐Wilk,
Kristina Clarke‐Walper,
Joshua E. Wilk Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Testing the latent structure of ICD ‐11 prolonged grief disorder symptoms in the U.K. adult population: An exploratory structural equation modeling approach
AbstractThe latent structure ofICD-11 prolonged grief disorder (PGD), as measured using the International Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS), was assessed in a large general population sample of bereaved adults from the United Kingdom. Data were derived from Wave 5 of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium Study (C19PRC-UK). Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was used to assess the latent structure of the IPGDS. Identified factors were explored in relation to known correlates (i.e., gender, age of the bereaved, income, bereavement timeframe, age of the deceased) and functional impairment. Three fac...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mark Shevlin,
Enya Redican,
Jamie Murphy,
Philip Hyland,
Thanos Karatzias Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Body ‐and movement‐oriented interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
This study is an update of the meta-analysis we published in 2019 on the effectiveness of body- and movement-oriented interventions (BMOIs) for adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in decreasing PTSD symptoms and secondary outcomes of depressive symptoms, sleep disturbance, and interoceptive awareness. Search terms for BMOIs and PTSD were combined to identify eligible studies in four bibliographical databases. Articles were selected if they included adult participants with a primary diagnosis of PTSD, included BMOI as one of the investigated therapies, were designed as a comparative outcome trial with any contr...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Minke M. Kamp,
Mia Scheffers,
Claudia Emck,
Ties J. Fokker,
Janneke Hatzmann,
Pim Cuijpers,
Peter J. Beek Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Sexual assault characteristics and posttraumatic stress symptoms among collegiate women: The role of posttraumatic cognitions
AbstractAlthough it is well-established that sexual assault is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and other negative mental health outcomes, research is needed to help identify which individuals are most likely to experience ongoing distress following sexual assault. Negative cognitions following trauma may be influenced by sexual assault characteristics and have been shown to be associated with PTSS. The present study examined whether sexual assault characteristics were associated with PTSS by way of posttraumatic cognitions in a sample of 475 female college students who had experienced a sexual assaul...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Amie R. Newins,
Laura C. Wilson Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
“A slap in the face”: Institutional betrayal, burnout, and career choice regret among frontline health care workers serving COVID‐19 patients
AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has exacted a physical and mental health toll on health care and hospital workers (HHWs). To provide COVID-19 care, HHWs expected health care institutions to support equipment and resources, ensure safety for patients and providers, and advocate for employees ’ needs. Failure to do these acts has been defined as institutional betrayal. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study aimed to explore the experience of institutional betrayal in HHWs serving COVID-19 patients and the associations between self-reported institutional betrayal and both burnout an d career choice regret. Between July 20...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Soim Park,
Svea Closser,
Erin E. Cooney,
Kaitlyn Atkins,
Johannes Thrul,
Kathryn M. McDonald,
Jennifer Langhinrichsen ‐Rohling,
Tener Goodwin Veenema Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Problematic alcohol use in young adults exposed to childhood trauma: The Tr øndelag Health (HUNT) Study
AbstractProblematic alcohol use (PAU) severely impacts the health, functioning, and long-term prospects of young people. Prior research indicates that childhood trauma exposure may be an important risk factor for PAU, but few longitudinal studies have looked at how specific trauma types influence this risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between childhood trauma exposure and PAU in a large, population-based cohort of young people. The study sample included 1,913 adolescents who participated in the Tr øndelag Health Study (HUNT) between 2006 and 2008 (age range: 12–20) and completed follow-up 10...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 5, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Helle Stangeland,
Helene Flood Aakvaag,
Monica Baumann ‐Larsen,
Tore Wentzel‐Larsen,
Kjersti Storheim,
John Anker Zwart,
Grete Dyb,
Synne Øien Stensland Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Fear of sin and fear of God: Scrupulosity predicts women's daily experiences of mental contamination following sexual trauma
AbstractMental contamination refers to feelings of dirtiness in response to thoughts, images, or memories. Mental contamination is frequently reported after sexual trauma and is associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Differences in individuals ’ views about morality and purity may influence the severity of mental contamination, though this has been studied primarily outside of samples assessed for trauma and/or PTSD. The present study addressed this gap by investigating scrupulosity as a prospective predictor of daily sexual trauma–re lated mental contamination and PTSD symptoms. Participants...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - September 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Alyssa C. Jones,
Jordyn M. Tipsword,
C. Alex Brake,
Emily E. Fenlon,
Thomas G. Adams,
Jesse P. McCann,
Christal L. Badour Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Early predictors of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories in U.S. Army soldiers deployed to the Iraq war zone
AbstractThe course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms varies among veterans of war zones, but sources of variation in long-term symptom course remain poorly understood. Modeling of symptom growth trajectories facilitates the understanding of predictors of individual outcomes over time. Although growth mixture modeling (GMM) has been applied to military populations, few studies have incorporated both predeployment and follow-up measurements over an extended time. In this prospective study, 1,087 U.S. Army soldiers with varying military occupational specialties and geographic locations were assessed before and ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jennifer J. Vasterling,
Molly R. Franz,
Lewina O. Lee,
Anica Pless Kaiser,
Susan P. Proctor,
Brian P. Marx,
Paula P. Schnurr,
John Ko,
John Concato,
Mihaela Aslan Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ TOC
(Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress)
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Exploring trajectories in transdiagnostic behavior therapy
AbstractTransdiagnostic treatments have been designed to target common processes for clusters of disorders. One such treatment, transdiagnostic behavior therapy (TBT), targets avoidance across emotional disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders, and has demonstrated efficacy in randomized controlled trials. The current study was designed to examine whether distinct treatment trajectories would emerge in a sample of 112 veterans receiving TBT and whether diagnostic comorbidity, baseline levels of several transdiagnostic risk factors, or treatment engagement influe...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - August 8, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Daniel F. Gros,
Kevin G. Saulnier,
Nicholas P. Allan Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
