A mixed ‐methods evaluation of why an implementation trial failed to engage veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma‐focused psychotherapy
AbstractAn effectiveness trial found that telemedicine collaborative care for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) significantly increased engagement in trauma-focused psychotherapy (TFP) and improved PTSD symptoms. However, in a subsequent implementation trial, very few veterans enrolled in collaborative care initiated TFP. We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation to determine why veterans did not initiate TFP in the implementation trial. After conducting chart reviews of 1,071 veterans with PTSD enrolled in collaborative care, patients were categorized into four mutually exclusive TFP groups: TFP not discussed; TFP discus...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 28, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: John C. Fortney,
Suparna Rajan,
Jessica A. Chen,
Sarah B. Campbell,
John P. Nolan,
Edwin Wong,
George Sayre,
Valentina Petrova,
Carol E. Simons,
Heather S. Reisinger,
Paula P. Schnurr Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Investigating the latent structure of the International Trauma Questionnaire to assess ICD ‐11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD in an adult civilian sample during the Ukraine war
AbstractThe symptom structure ofICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) and the validity of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) are yet to be tested among civilians in an active war zone. The present investigation examined the factor structure of the ITQ, the internal consistency of observed scores, and their associations with demographic characteristics and war-related experiences using a nationwide sample of 2,004 adults from the general population of Ukraine approximately 6 months after the full-scale Russian invasion in 2022. Overall, rates of endorsement across all symptom cluster...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 21, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Grace W. K. Ho,
Maria Louison Vang,
Dmytro Martsenkovskyi,
Thanos Karatzias,
Menachem Ben ‐Ezra,
Eoin McElroy,
Enya Redican,
Marylene Cloitre,
Boris Lorberg,
Philip Hyland,
Mark Shevlin Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Persistence of the association between mental health and resource access: A longitudinal reciprocal model in a diverse refugee sample
AbstractStress associated with resource deprivation is an active social determinant of mental health. However, mixed findings around the strength of this association and its persistence over time obscure optimal interventions to improve mental health in forcibly displaced populations. A reciprocal model was analyzed between resource access and measures of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress (PTSD) symptoms at three different assessments conducted 6 months apart (Time [T] 1, T2, and T3). Participants included resettled refugees (N = 290) from three geocultural regions (i.e., Afghanistan, the Great Lakes Region of A...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Meredith A. Blackwell,
David Lardier,
Ryeora Choe,
Jessica R. Goodkind Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Associations among posttraumatic growth, demographic characteristics, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and trauma type, with a focus on sexual violence
This study assessed posttraumatic growth (PTG) across multiple trauma types and by demographic characteristics (i.e., sex, age, education). Moreover, we examined the association between PTG and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms as well as the characteristics and predictors of PTG after sexual violence. A phone survey was conducted in a nationally representative sample of 1,766 Icelandic adults. In total, 1,528 individuals reported having experienced some form of trauma and were included in the analysis, and 563 reported experiencing sexual violence. Interpersonal trauma (e.g., sexual violence, emotional abuse, ...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Erla Katr ín Jónsdóttir,
Rannveig S. Sigurvinsdottir,
Bryndís Björk Ásgeirsdóttir Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A summary of the 38th Annual International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Presidential Panel: How the traumatic stress community can assist individuals affected by the war in Ukraine
AbstractAs the premier global traumatic stress society, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) has an important role to play in educating and raising awareness about the consequences of traumatic events, such as the war in Ukraine. On November 12, 2022, during its 38th annual meeting, the ISTSS hosted an invited Presidential Pa nel, chaired by Ananda Amstadter during her term as ISTSS President, that brought together trauma experts Peter Ventevogel, Marit Sijbrandij, Vitalii Klymchuck, Iryna Frankova, and Angela Nickerson to highlight how traumatic stress professionals can assist individuals affe...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Iryna Frankova,
Vitalii Klymchuck,
Angela Nickerson,
Marit Sijbrandij,
Ananda B. Amstadter Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Attributional negativity bias and acute stress disorder symptoms mediate the association between trauma history and future posttraumatic stress disorder
AbstractIndividuals who have experienced more trauma throughout their life have a heightened risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following injury. Although trauma history cannot be retroactively modified, identifying the mechanism(s) by which preinjury life events influence future PTSD symptoms may help clinicians mitigate the detrimental effects of past adversity. The current study proposed attributional negativity bias, the tendency to perceive stimuli/events as negative, as a potential intermediary in PTSD development. We hypothesized an association between trauma history and PTSD symptom severity fo...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: E. Kate Webb,
Sydney C. Timmer ‐Murillo,
Ashley A. Huggins,
Carissa W. Tomas,
Terri A. deRoon‐Cassini,
Christine L. Larson Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ TOC
(Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress)
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
The impact of immigration detention on the mental health of refugees and asylum seekers
AbstractStudies consistently report that asylum seekers held in immigration detention have relatively high rates of mental distress, yet evidence of the long-term impact of immigration detention is limited. Using propensity score –based methods, we estimated the impact of immigration detention on the prevalence of nonspecific psychological distress, using the Kessler-6, and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), using the PTSD-8, among participants in a national sample of asylum seekers in the 5 years following the ir resettlement in Australia (N = 334). At Wave 1, the prevalence of nonspecific psychological dist...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Walter Forrest,
Zachary Steel Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Treatment of comorbid sleep disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder in U.S. active duty military personnel: A pilot randomized clinical trial
AbstractInsomnia and nightmares are common in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They are associated with worse psychological and physical health and worse PTSD treatment outcomes. In addition, they are resistant to PTSD treatments, which do not typically address sleep disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and nightmares (CBT-I&N) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT) for PTSD are first-line treatments, but limited evidence exists guiding the treatment of individuals with all three disorders. The current study randomized U.S. military personnel (N = 93) to one of three conditions: CBT-I&N d...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Daniel J. Taylor,
Kristi E. Pruiksma,
Jim Mintz,
Danica C. Slavish,
Sophie Wardle ‐Pinkston,
Jessica R. Dietch,
Katherine A. Dondanville,
Stacey Young‐McCaughan,
Karin L. Nicholson,
Brett T. Litz,
Terence M. Keane,
Alan L. Peterson,
Patric Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Longitudinal and bidirectional associations between posttraumatic stress disorder and emotional support among disaster ‐affected men and women
We examined the longitudinal and bidirectional effects of emotional support and PTSS and whether gender moderates these effects among U.S. survivors of the 2017 –2018 season. Participants (N = 1,347) were assessed at four time points over 1 year. Bidirectional effects were assessed using cross-lagged, autoregressive analyses with the combined sample (Model 1) and grouped by gender (Model 2) to assess gender moderation. The results supported small bidirectional negative effects of social support and PTSS on one another from one assessment point (e.g. Wave 1) to the subsequent point (e.g., Wave 2) for all waves, βs = −....
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Oscar C órdoba‐Salgado,
Arthur R. Andrews,
Tatiana M. Davidson,
Sandro Galea,
Kenneth J. Ruggiero Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Paraprofessional delivery of online narrative exposure therapy for firefighters
This study was a case series testing the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness of a paraprofessional-delivered, virtual narrative exposure therapy (eNET) intervention for PTSD. Participants were 21 firefighters who met the criteria for clinical or subclinical probable PTSD and completed 10 –12 sessions of eNET via videoconference. Participants completed self-report measures pre- and postintervention and at 2- and 6-month follow-ups as well as a postintervention qualitative interview. Paired samplest tests evidenced statistically significant decreases in PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptom severity a...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 9, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Janine V. Olthuis,
Elisa Kaltenbach,
Emma Giberson,
Tina Saryeddine,
Gordon J. G. Asmundson,
R. Nicholas Carleton,
Heidi Cramm,
Anselm Crombach,
Julie Devlin,
Jeff Mack,
Patricia Lingley ‐Pottie,
Sanjay Rao,
Michael Sullivan,
Lori Wozney,
Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Clarifying the association between adverse childhood experiences and postdeployment posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity: A meta ‐analysis and large‐sample investigation
We report on two studies designed to shed light on the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity in military personnel. In particular, we examined the evidence for both additive and multiplicative associations between ACEs and combat exposure in predicting PTSD symptom severity. Study 1 was a meta-analysis of 50 samples (N> 50,000), and we found evidence for a moderate linear association between ACEs and PTSD symptom severity, ρ = .24. We also found that ACEs explained substantial variance in PTSD symptom severity after controlling for combat expo...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Marcus Crede,
Michael Tynan,
Peter D. Harms,
Paul B. Lester Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Social support as a predictor of outcomes of cognitive behavioral therapy with a trauma focus delivered face ‐to‐face and via guided internet‐based self‐help
We examined perceived social support as a predictor of treatment adherence and response among 196 adults with PTSD enrolled in a multicenter pragmatic randomized controlled noninferiority trial. Perceived social support was measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and PTSD was assessed using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale forDSM-5. Linear regression was used to explore the associations between different dimensions of perceived social support (i.e., from friends, family, and significant others) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) at baseline. Linear and logistic regression were use...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - June 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Catrin Lewis,
Leah Bailey,
Cono Ariti,
Neil J. Kitchiner,
Neil P. Roberts,
Natalie Simon,
Jonathan I. Bisson Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Terror leaves adolescents behind: Identifying risk and protective factors for high ‐school completion among survivors of terrorism
This study examined whether exposure to the 2011 Utøya terrorist attack in Norway impacted survivors’ ability to complete high school. Further, it aimed to identify important peri- and posttraumatic risk and protective factors. Interview data from the Utø ya study, collected 4–5 months postterror, were linked to individual educational registry data for 265 survivors. Chi-square tests and ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to examine (a) high school completion among younger survivors (n = 185, age range: 13 –18 years, 52.4% female) compared to both older survivors (i.e., who had the possibility of comple...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - May 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ida F. Str øm,
Grete Dyb,
Tore Wentzel‐Larsen,
Lise Eilin Stene,
Jon‐Håkon Schultz,
Synne Stensland Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Health and social consequences for survivors of genocidal rape: A systematic scoping review
AbstractThe unique forms of trauma experienced by survivors of genocidal rape are not well understood. Hence, we conducted a systematic scoping review regarding the consequences for survivors of rape during genocide. Searches conducted in PubMed, Global Health, Scopus, PyscInfo, and Embase produced a total of 783 articles. After completing the screening process, 34 articles were eligible for inclusion in the review. The included articles focus on survivors from six different genocides, with most focusing on either the genocide of the Tutsis in Rwanda or the Yazidis in Iraq. The study findings consistently show that survivo...
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress - May 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Karan Varshney,
Minh Giao Chu,
Pavan Shet,
Jade Hopkins,
Francesca Braga,
Prerana Ghosh Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
