17.1 What Is Going on With Boys in School?
The objectives of this presentation are to: 1) understand barriers to academic achievement for boys and that school systems may be structured to favor girls; 2) understand how gendered forms of racism operate in schools to systematically disadvantage boys of color; and 3) describe how school staff tend to overreport disruptive behaviors in boys (especially Black boys) as major concerns and underappreciate underlying mood issues, which contributes to diagnostic gender disparities. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: J. Corey A. Williams Source Type: research

17.2 Boys and Elite Club Sports: Hard Bodies, Hard Minds, and Hard Hearts Can Make for Unhappy Humans
The participants will be able to: 1) state ways in which participation in team sports may benefit children and adolescents ’ psychosocial health; 2) explain the ways in which participation in highly competitive team sports may put boys at risk for depressive and anxiety symptoms; and 3) advise parents about the risks and benefits to their son’s mental health should he participate in elite club sports. Involvement in team sports has been associated with reduced anxiety and more prosocial behavior in children. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Erica Z. Shoemaker Source Type: research

17.3 Gender Stereotypes About Masculinity and Their Effect on the Development and the Mental Health of Boys and Young Men
The objectives of this presentation are to: 1) explain gender stereotypes about masculinity and their impact on the development of boys; and 2) demonstrate that gender stereotypes put boys at risk for poor mental health outcomes and the role that child and adolescent psychiatrists can play to promote change about this important matter. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Angel A. Caraballo Source Type: research

17.4 Masculinity in America: Navigating Peer Relationships During the School-Age Years and Adolescence
The objectives of this presentation are to explore what masculinity implies in America and to examine how expectations of boys (conveyed through child rearing, peer influence, and media depictions) may hamper the development of prosocial behaviors. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Rohit Chandra Source Type: research

Detransition, Retransition, or Ongoing Gender Affirmation? Gender as a Journey
LGBTQ+ individuals face innumerable barriers to healthcare access. To break down such barriers, it is critical for clinicians to be fluent and competent in conceptualizing and communicating sexuality and gender identity as fluid, changing, and dynamic. Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals have a gender identity that differs from societal expectations based on their sex assigned at birth. Gender affirmation or “transition” is the process of recognizing and supporting a person's gender identity and expression. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Barbara Jean Banner, Aron Janssen Tags: Clinical Perspectives 18 Source Type: research

18.1 Back to the Gender: A Historical Review of Gender as Journey, Not Destination
The objectives of this presentation are to: 1) define the concept of gender; 2) allow attendees to question their current understanding of gender as they contrast it with historical interpretations; 3) describe the role of psychiatry as it impacts gender-diverse individuals and communities; and 4) describe gender in a more nuanced way, conceptualizing it as individual and evolving. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Fiona D. Fonseca Source Type: research

18.2 Exploring the Dynamic Nature of Human Sexuality: The Path to Self-Determination and Cultural Safety
The objectives of this presentation are to: 1) conceptualize sexuality as a complex, dynamic, and changing part of the human experience; and 2) understand the transition process of gender-diverse individuals as an element of the gender nonconforming experience. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: German E. Velez Source Type: research

18.3 Detransitioning and Retransitioning: Implications on Gender-Affirming Care Policymaking
The objectives of this presentation are to: 1) define how the concept of detransitioning and retransitioning has affected institutional policies regarding gender-affirming care to transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals; and 2) explore the interplay of institutional policy with various other systems (legislation, professional organizations, local community) in regard to gender-affirming care. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Barbara Jean Banner Source Type: research

18.4 Gender-Affirming Psychiatric Care for Children and Adolescents
The objectives of this presentation are to: 1) define common forms of gender-affirming medical and surgical care; and 2) describe reported mental health improvements associated with accessing desired gender-affirming care. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Teddy G. Goetz Source Type: research

Kids in the Courtroom: How Young Is Too Young? Perspectives on the Minimum Age for Juvenile Court Jurisdiction in the United States
Many states have passed “Raise the Age” laws, allowing teens previously processed as adults to be diverted to juvenile and family court. On the other end of the spectrum, recent cases involving children as young as 6 years old being arrested, raise concern for the negative impacts that their involvement in juvenile cou rt may have. Twenty-four states lack minimum age legislation for prosecuting a child. This presentation aims to educate child and adolescent psychiatrists on the state of minimum age laws in the United States through a neurodevelopmental and antiracist, equity-informed lens, highlighting the role of chil...
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Amanda Wallace, Eraka Bath, Rebecca Rendleman Tags: Clinical Perspectives 19 Source Type: research

19.1 History and Current Trends on the Minimum Age of Juvenile Court
In 2019, there were 62,000 children ages 12 years and under who were processed by juvenile courts and almost 10,000 who were placed in juvenile detention centers in the United States. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child has recommended that nations increase their minimum age of criminal responsibility to at least 14 years old. However, in the United States, there is significant variability among states regarding the minimum age, with 24 states having no minimum age and other states ranging from ages 7 to 13 years. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Amanda Wallace Source Type: research

19.2 Neuroscientific and Psychological Evidence for Understanding Youthful Offending
Youth who commit serious crimes continue to be harshly prosecuted and sentenced in the United States based on legal arguments that cast them as incorrigible and permanent dangers to society. This presentation will clarify the current state of the science on brain development, showing robust changes into the twenties, and demonstrate that behavior and personality traits are dynamic and change over time. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Arielle Baskin-Sommers Source Type: research

19.3 Understanding Racial Disparities in the Juvenile System and the Effect on Minimum Age
Substantial evidence suggests that racial inequities persist at every stage of contact within the juvenile legal system, and waiver to the adult criminal legal system is disproportionately experienced by ethnoracially minoritized youth. This presentation aims to highlight how current laws regarding the minimum age of juvenile court impact ethnoracially minoritized youth and their families. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Amanie Salem Source Type: research

19.4 What We Can Do: Advancing Juvenile Welfare Through Education and Advocacy
Knowledge of the issues that lead to juvenile legal entry and effective advocacy for children and adolescents who interface with the law are important for all child and adolescent psychiatrists. The aim of this presentation is to share current advocacy efforts toward raising the minimum age of juvenile court jurisdictions, to discuss strategies for all child and adolescent psychiatrists to effectively engage in legislative advocacy, and to identify opportunities to improve child and adolescent psychiatry forensic education and effective advocacy in medical education. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Anne McBride Source Type: research

A Potential Alternative to Inpatient or Residential Treatment: Multisystemic Therapy-Psychiatry
The objective of this session is to familiarize attendees with multisystemic therapy-psychiatry (MST-P) as a community-based treatment option for youth and families with high behavioral health needs. We will share data from randomized controlled trials showing MST-P can reduce and prevent inpatient and residential admissions, alleviate youth psychiatric symptoms, and improve family functioning. We will explain how MST and MST-P address diversity, equity, and inclusion. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - October 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Terry Git Lee, Mina K. Dulcan Tags: Clinical Perspectives 20 Source Type: research