Determinants of physical activity in newly diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea patients: testing the health action process approach
In conclusion, the assumptions of HAPA were partially found in the context of newly diagnosed OSA patients. This study provided additional evidence regarding the role of motivational self-efficacy, outcome expectancies and risk perception during motivational phase, and highlighted the important role of social support from the family in the PA in this population. (Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 27, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Pain acceptance as a change mechanism for mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for migraine
AbstractMigraine is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Third wave therapies, such as Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy for Migraine (MBCT-M), have proven efficacious in reducing headache-related disability. However, research is needed to better understand the change mechanisms involved in these third-wave therapies. Acceptance is a fundamental component of third wave therapies, and more research is warranted on the role of pain acceptance in MBCT-M. It is also valuable to understand the independent roles of the two components of pain acceptance —pain willingness (PW) and activity engagement (AE). The cu...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 26, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Psychological and behavioral responses to daily weight gain during behavioral weight loss treatment
AbstractSelf-weighing is consistently associated with more effective weight control. However, patterns show that participants disengage from their weight control behaviors following weight gain. Women with BMIs in the overweight/obese range (N  = 50) enrolled in a long-term behavioral weight loss program completed ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys immediately after their daily weigh-ins. Nightly EMA surveys and self-monitoring data through Fitbit measured their weight control behavior that day. On days when participants ga ined weight (vs. lost or maintained), they reported more negative mood, more guilt/sh...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 26, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Posttraumatic stress and probable post traumatic stress disorder as it relates to smoking behavior and beliefs among trauma exposed hispanic persons who smoke
AbstractThere has been little scientific effort to evaluate the associations between cigarette smoking and cessation-related constructs and exposure to traumatic events, posttraumatic stress, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms among Hispanic persons who smoke in the United States (US). Such trauma-related factors may pose unique difficulties for Hispanic persons who smoke and possess a desire to quit. As such, the present investigation sought to fill this gap in the literature and examine posttraumatic stress and probable PTSD in terms of their relations with several clinically significant smoking constructs...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 26, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Longitudinal predictors of post-exposure prophylaxis awareness among latino sexual minority men in South Florida
AbstractBiomedical tools for HIV prevention such as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) continue to be underutilized by subgroups experiencing significant HIV inequities. Specifically, factors associated with both PEP awareness and uptake both cross-sectionally and longitudinally are under-researched, despite PEP being a part of the United States ’ Plan for Ending the HIV Epidemic. The current study examined longitudinal predictors of PEP awareness among Latino sexual minority men (LSMM) living in South Florida. This current study (N = 290) employed hierarchal linear modeling across three timepoints (baseline, 4-months, ...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 26, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Body image and physical activity in Latinas
AbstractWomen with negative body image engage in less physical activity. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between body image and physical activity in Latinas participating in a lifestyle program. Participants (age 43.8  ± 10.1 years and BMI 30.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2) were enrolled in a 12-month culturally and linguistically adapted, individually tailored, intervention focused on increasing moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA). Longitudinal assessments were conducted on body image dissatisfaction (BID) using the Figure Rating Scale, MVPA using the 7-day PAR interview, and objecti...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 23, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
A semi-structured interview is associated with bariatric surgery outcomes
AbstractPre-surgical psychological evaluations (PSPE) are required by many insurance companies and used to help identify risk factors that may compromise bariatric post-surgical outcomes. These evaluations, however, are not yet standardized. The present study investigated the utility of a semi-structured assessment, Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT), on post-surgical outcomes across 18 months. A total of 272 adult patients underwent a psychosocial evaluation and received bariatric surgery November 2017 to September 2020 at a Midwestern academic medical center. Average age at pre-surgic...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 23, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and pain outcomes among older adults with chronic orofacial pain
This study examined the role of anxiety and pain catastrophizing, two corelates of pain in other populations, in pain intensity and interference among 166 older adults with COFP (79% female,Mage = 68.84, SD = 5.56). Participants completed an online survey including measures of anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and pain intensity/interference. We applied mediation analyses to test indirect associations between anxiety and pain outcomes via pain catastrophizing. Results indicated that a nxiety was positively associated with pain intensity and pain interference (bs  = .70–1.12,ps  <  .05). There was also an ...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 21, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Investigating psychological mechanisms of self-controlled decisions for food and leisure activity
AbstractMaintaining a healthy body weight requires balancing energy intake and expenditure. While previous research investigated energy input or food decisions, little is known about energy output or leisure activity decisions. By combining experimental decision-making paradigms and computational approaches, we investigated the psychological mechanisms of self-controlled food and leisure activity decisions through the effects of reward-oriented and health-oriented preferences as well as body weight status, stress, and coping. Based on individual ’s responses, the self-controlled food and leisure activity choices were ind...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - February 11, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Rumination mediates associations between microaggressions and sleep quality in Black Americans: the toll of racial microstressors
AbstractDisparities in health outcomes between Black and White Americans are well-documented, including sleep quality, and disparities in sleep may lead to disparities in health over the life course. A meta-model indicates that cognitive processes may underly the connection between race and poor sleep quality, and ultimately, health disparities. That is, there are race-specific stressors that disproportionately affect Black Americans, which are associated with poor health through biological, cognitive, and behavioral mechanisms (e.g., sleep). Among these race-specific stressors is discrimination, which has been linked to p...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - January 28, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Factors associated with HPV-associated sexual risk behaviors among sexually active college students
AbstractHigh-risk sexual behavior is the primary risk factor for the acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the development of HPV-associated diseases including cancer. Incidence of HPV infection is high among individuals in their late teens and early 20s. Thus, college students represent a historically high-risk group for HPV infection yet are also a group with the ability to independently access HPV vaccination for HPV prevention. To inform future interventions, we examined factors associated with HPV-associated risky sexual behaviors among sexually active college students. Data (N  =â€...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - January 5, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Factors associated with prior completion of colorectal cancer and hepatitis C virus screenings among community health center patients: a cross-sectional study to inform a multi-behavioral educational intervention
ConclusionsFindings demonstrate limited uptake of both CRC and HCV screenings among adults born between 1945 and 1965. Uptake was associated with multiple sociodemographic factors and health beliefs related to salience and coherence. Salience and coherence are modifiable factors associated with completion of both screening tests, suggesting the importance of incorporating these health beliefs in a multi-behavioral cancer education intervention. Additionally, health providers could simultaneously recommend and order CRC and HCV screening to improve uptake among this age cohort. (Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - December 21, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Effects of a medication adherence app among medically underserved adults with chronic illness: a randomized controlled trial
This study investigated the effect of a smartphone app on adherence, self-efficacy, knowledge, and medication social support in a medically underserved adult population with various chronic illnesses. Participants were randomized to a group who used the app for one month or a control group provided with a printed medication list. Compared to the control group, participants receiving the intervention had significantly greater medication adherence (Cohen ’sd = -0.52,p = .014) and medication self-efficacy (Cohen’sd = 0.43,p = .035). No significant effects were observed related to knowledge or social support. T...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - December 21, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
High study participation but diverging adherence levels: qualitatively unpacking PrEP use among adolescent girls and young women over two years in Eastern Cape, South Africa
AbstractIn Southern and Eastern Africa, initiation of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention has been high among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) offered PrEP. However, persistence and prevention-effective use of PrEP among this critical group continues to be a challenge. We conducted a qualitative sub-study of AGYW from the Community PrEP Study in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa who had high rates of pick up for monthly PrEP refills over two years, but differing levels of PrEP adherence based on tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) measurements in dried blood spots (DBS). Contrasting 22 AGYW wi...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - December 11, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Determinants of physical activity during cancer treatment: a longitudinal exploration of psycho-cognitive variables and physician counseling
AbstractIndividuals with cancer are recommended to engage in regular physical activity (PA) even during cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to explore how patient-reported physician PA counseling influences their PA intention and behavior in addition to psycho-cognitive determinants derived from the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A longitudinal study during cancer treatment was conducted among N  = 115 patients with breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer (Mage = 58.0,SD = 11.5; 55.7% female). The median time since diagnosis was 2 months, and 19.1% were diagnosed with metastases. Participants provided ...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - November 28, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
