Dyad and group-based interventions in physical activity, diet, and weight loss: a systematic review of the evidence
AbstractStudies show that interpersonal relations impact behavior change. Yet, a comprehensive review of their efficacy remains unclear. This systematic review examines the efficacy of dyadic and group-based studies that intervened on primary endpoints: diet, PA, and weight loss in adults and their networks. We searched five databases for eligible articles published from 1980 to present. Final inclusion and risk of bias were independently determined and agreed upon by two of the paper ’s co-authors. Nine dyads and twelve group-based studies were eligible. Of the studies, 36% (4/11) of PA studies, 60% (3/5) of diet studie...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - November 28, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Characterization of sleep efficiency transitions in family caregivers
AbstractFamily caregivers are at high risk of psychological distress and low sleep efficiency resulting from their caregiving responsibilities. Although psychological symptoms are associated with sleep efficiency, there is limited knowledge about the association of psychological distress with variations in sleep efficiency. We aimed to characterize the short- and long-term patterns of caregivers ’ sleep efficiency using Markov chain models and compare these patterns between groups with high and low psychological symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, and caregiving stress). Based on 7-day actigraphy data from 33 caregivers...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - November 28, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Exploring the use of self-management strategies for antiretroviral therapy adherence among women with HIV in the Miami-Dade County Ryan White Program
AbstractWomen with HIV (WWH) face increased difficulties maintaining adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) due to a variety of demographic and psychosocial factors. To navigate the complexities of ART regimens, use of strategies to maintain adherence is recommended. Research in this area, however, has largely focused on adherence interventions, and few studies have examined self-reported preferences for adherence strategies. The purpose and objectives of this study were to explore the use of ART self-management strategies among a diverse sample of WWH, examine demographic and psychosocial differences in strategy use, a...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - November 9, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
A healthy balance: the ratio of social support-to-demands is associated with metabolic syndrome
AbstractMetabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk for negative health events, decrements in quality of life, and greater health costs. The current study sought to identify whether the ratio of social support to social demands across multiple relationship types (spouse, friends, children, or other family members) were associated with concurrent metabolic syndrome in a nationally representative sample of US adults ages 32 –40. Results indicate that the ratio of total social support to social demands was associated with a greater likelihood of meeting criteria for metabolic syndrome, even after statistically cont...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - November 9, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Moderation of associations between weight discrimination and diabetes status by psychosocial factors
AbstractWeight discrimination has adverse effects on health that include increasing the risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes. Preliminary evidence suggests a positive association between weight discrimination and diagnosed diabetes; however, it is unknown whether psychosocial resources may buffer this association. In logistic regressions stratified by gender, we examined links between weight discrimination and diabetes among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project;N = 2,794 adults age 50 and older in 2015-16). We also tested the extent to which trait...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - November 9, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
A randomised controlled trial to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of a small change approach to prevent weight gain
AbstractA weight gain prevention strategy showing merit is a small change approach (increase energy expenditure and/or decrease energy intake by 100 –200 kcal/day). Studies have tested a small change approach in intensive interventions involving multiple contacts, unsuitable for delivery at scale. The aim here was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a remote small change weight gain prevention intervention. A randomised controlled t rial of 122 participants was conducted. The intervention was a remote 12-week small change weight gain prevention programme (targeting dietary and/or physical activity behaviours)....
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - November 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Conservatism, anti-vaccination attitudes, and intellectual humility: examining their associations through a social judgment theory framework
AbstractPrevious research has consistently found that more political conservatism is related to higher anti-vaccination attitudes. However, little work has investigated how intellectual humility could potentially contribute to this relationship. Employing the social judgment theory of attitude change, we examined whether conservatism could mediate the association between intellectual humility and anti-vaccination attitudes. Participants (N = 1,293; 40.1% female;Mage = 38.23 years,SDage = 11.61, range of age was 18–78) completed a multifaceted measure of intellectual humility, an assessment of four types of a...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - October 17, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Response inhibition training as an intervention to modify liking and wanting for foods based on energy density: a proof of concept study
AbstractThe ubiquity of energy-dense, processed foods has been implicated as a salient feature of the modern ‘obesogenic’ environment. Cognitive strategies, such as response inhibition training, have been demonstrated to reduce the hedonic value of such foods in previous studies. However, this effect has generally been inconsistent or heterogenous, depending on the outcome measure, characteristics of t he sample, and the specificity of food stimuli. Characterising the extent of generalised effects may help define the application of this type of intervention in natural settings. A repeated-measures, proof-of-concept stu...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - October 9, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The contribution of pain catastrophizing, depression and anxiety symptoms among patients with persistent pain and opioid misuse behaviours
ConclusionFindings show that in a sample of people with persistent pain referred for treatment for opioid misuse, depression contributes over and above that of anxiety and pain catastrophizing. Theoretical and clinical practice implications are presented. (Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - October 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Correction to: Discrimination and adherence in a cross-sectional study of Latino sexual minority men with HIV: Coping with discrimination as a mediator and coping self-efficacy as a moderator
(Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Association of weight and shape concern with weight change and weight-related behaviors in behavioral weight loss treatment
AbstractWeight and shape concern (WSC) is a facet of negative body image that is common among individuals with overweight/obesity seeking behavioral weight loss treatment (BWL), but remains understudied. This secondary analysis evaluates associations between WSC, weight change, and weight-related behaviors among individuals in a 24-week BWL. Adults (n = 32) with body mass index 25–50 kg/m2 completed a baseline WSC questionnaire, measured weight at 12 and 24 weeks, measured physical activity via accelerometer, and completed 24-hour dietary recalls. Adherence to self-monitoring dietary intake and weight were assessed...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - September 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Effects of a peer advocacy intervention on cervical cancer screening among social network members: results of a randomized controlled trial in Uganda
AbstractCervical cancer (CC) is the most common cancer among women in Uganda, yet lifetime CC screening is as low as 5%. Training women who have screened for CC to engage in peer advocacy could increase uptake of CC screening in social networks. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a peer-facilitated, manualized, 7-session group intervention to train women to engage in CC prevention advocacy. Forty women recently screened for CC (index participants) enrolled and were assigned to receive the intervention (n = 20) or wait-list control (n = 20). Each index was asked to recruit up to three female social netwo...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Assessing the daily association of sleep hygiene behaviours with sleep: A between and within persons approach
This study aimed to address these issues by adopting a two-week, repeated measures design which incorporated objective sleep measures and used linear mixed effect modelling to assess the daily association of a wide range of sleep hygiene behaviours on sleep in a non-clinical, university sample. Between-persons effects revealed that bedtime and frequency of daytime napping, alcohol use, and social media use were negatively related to sleep duration while waketime and frequency of too much water consumption were positively related to sleep duration. Within-person effects revealed that later than usual bedtime, earlier than u...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Effects of a peer advocacy intervention on cervical cancer screening among social network members: results of a randomized controlled trial in Uganda
AbstractCervical cancer (CC) is the most common cancer among women in Uganda, yet lifetime CC screening is as low as 5%. Training women who have screened for CC to engage in peer advocacy could increase uptake of CC screening in social networks. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a peer-facilitated, manualized, 7-session group intervention to train women to engage in CC prevention advocacy. Forty women recently screened for CC (index participants) enrolled and were assigned to receive the intervention (n = 20) or wait-list control (n = 20). Each index was asked to recruit up to three female social netwo...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
