Dimensional and social comparisons in a health fitness context
AbstractWhereas prior research has found that people are influenced by both internal (e.g., dimensional) and external (e.g., social) comparative information inacademic contexts, we experimentally examined the influence of such comparisons in ahealth fitness context. Participants engaged in “physical and mental fitness” tasks (e.g., performing sit-ups, memorizing words) and were randomly assigned to receive (1) social comparative feedback indicating their physical or mental fitness was better or worse than their peers or (2) dimensional comparative feedback indicating their perform ance in a target domain (e.g., mental ...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - May 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Psychological distress and symptom-related burnout in asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic
AbstractPeople with asthma may be particularly vulnerable to pandemic-related psychological distress, and research is needed to understand the impact of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic on their health and well-being. We sought to study the well-being of people with asthma relative to non-asthmatic controls during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also investigated asthma symptoms and COVID-19-related anxiety as potential mediators of distress. Participants completed self-report measures of psychological functioning, including anxiety, depression, stress, and burnout. Controlling for potential confounds, multiple-reg...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - May 25, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Opioid coping motives and pain intensity among adults with chronic low back pain: associations with mood, pain reactivity, and opioid misuse
AbstractChronic low back pain (CLBP) is a significant public health problem that is associated with opioid misuse and use disorder. Despite limited evidence for the efficacy of opioids in the management of chronic pain, they continue to be prescribed and people with CLBP are at increased risk for misuse. Identifying individual difference factors involved in opioid misuse, such as pain intensity as well as reasons for using opioids (also known as motives), may provide pertinent clinical information to reduce opioid misuse among this vulnerable population. Therefore, the aims of the current study were to examine the relation...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - May 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Development of a targeted behavioral treatment for smoking cessation among individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
ConclusionsThese two small-N studies provide complementary findings on internal validity and implementation of the novel intervention. While Study 1 provided initial support for plausibility of clinically significant change, Study 2 provided data on key feasibility parameters.ImplicationsSmoking cessation for individuals with COPD is medically critical. We conducted an early-phase evaluation of a novel behavioral treatment focused on reducing smoking for coping motives. Results provided initial support for plausibility of clinically significant change and feasibility of the intervention. (Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - May 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Medical mistrust, culturally targeted message framing, and colorectal cancer screening among African Americans
AbstractMistrust in the information and treatment provided by medical professionals and organizations hinders cancer screening among African Americans. However, its impact on responses to health messaging aimed at bolstering screening uptake is unknown. The present study examined the effects of medical mistrust on message framing and culturally targeted health messaging about colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Screening eligible African Americans (N = 457) completed the Group-Based Medical Mistrust scale and then viewed an informational video about CRC risks, prevention, and screening, during which all participants re...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - May 4, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Injunctive social norms and perceived message tailoring are associated with health information seeking
AbstractSocial norms messages may promote information seeking, especially when the norms refer to a group with which a person identifies. We hypothesized that tailored social norms messages would increase COVID-19 testing willingness and intentions. College students (n = 203, 75% female, 87% White) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in a 2 (Descriptive norms:Relevant vs.Irrelevant to COVID-19 testing) x 2 (Tailoring:Specific vs.General group information) experimental design. Participants reported COVID-19 testing willingness and intentions, perceived injunctive norms, and identification and connectedness ...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - April 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Links of positive affect and stress to HbA1c: a prospective longitudinal study
AbstractWhile affect is linked to a number of diabetes outcomes, the specific role of positive affect (PA) in HbA1c remains unclear. The present study examined whether PA prospectively predicted lower HbA1c among adults with type 2 diabetes and whether this relation was moderated by stress. Participants were 123 adults (44.7% female; 60.2% White, 39.8% Black) recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Perceived stress, diabetes-specific distress, and PA were assessed at baseline; HbA1c was assessed at baseline (T1), six months (T2), and five years (T3). PA was cross-sectionally associated with lower HbA1c at T1 and prospecti...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - April 18, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Implementation strategies preferred by primary care clinicians to facilitate cancer prevention and control activities
AbstractKey clinical and community members need to be involved in the identification of feasible and impactful implementation strategies for translation of evidence-based interventions into practice. While a wide range of implementation strategies has been developed, there is little research on their applicability for cancer prevention and control (CPC) efforts in primary care. We conducted a survey of primary care physicians to identify implementation strategies they perceive as most feasible and impactful. The survey included both primary prevention behavior change counseling and cancer screening issues. Analyses contras...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - April 8, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The association between neighborhood conditions and weight loss among older adults living in a large urban city
AbstractTo elucidate the role of neighborhood walkability and crime on weight loss, we examined data from older adults residing in Chicago who participated in a randomized controlled trial lifestyle intervention. Controlling for individual demographic characteristics and the intervention assignment, the neighborhood homicide rate was significantly associated with weight change. Participants who resided in neighborhoods above the 50th percentile of homicide rate actually gained weight between pre- and post-intervention. On the other hand, there was no significant relationship between the level of walkability and weight loss...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - March 31, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Structural equation modeling of microaggressions, religious and racism-related coping, medication adherence, and viral load among Black women living with HIV
AbstractDespite the disproportionate impact of HIV, microaggressions, and discrimination among Black women living with HIV (BWLWH), BWLWH have demonstrated resilience by mobilizing religious and other coping strategies. The current study sought to examine whether racism-related or religious coping moderates the relationship between latent gendered racial microaggressions (GRMs), antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral load (VL) among 119 BWLWH. Data was collected via self-report measures of GRMs and coping. ART adherence was measured via self-report and electronic monitoring and VL was measured via blood specimens...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - March 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Role of perceived discrimination and anxiety sensitivity in cigarette smoking among english-speaking latinx adults living in the United States
ConclusionOverall, the present investigation suggests that both perceived discrimination and anxiety sensitivity are important constructs relevant to understanding smoking processes among Latinx adults who smoke cigarettes and should be integrated in theoretical models of smoking among this population. (Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - March 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Movement matters: short-term impacts of physical activity on mood and well-being
This study focuses on investigating the dynamic relationships between PA and affective well-being among adults with type 1 diabetes.
Participants (n = 122) wore an accelerometer and completed daily EMA surveys of current activities and affective states (e.g., happy, stressed, excited, anxious) via smartphone over 14 days. Within-person, increased sedentary time was associated with less positive affect (r = − 0.11,p < 0.001), while more PA of any intensity was associated with greater positive affect and reduced fatigue, three hours later. Between-person, increased light PA was associated with incr...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - March 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Impact of an augmented intervention on self-regulatory, dietary and physical activity outcomes in a diabetes prevention trial among adults with prediabetes
AbstractSelf-regulation can facilitate modifications in lifestyle to promote behavioral change. However, little is known about whether adaptive interventions promote improvement in self-regulatory, dietary, and physical activity outcomes among slow treatment responders. A stratified design with an adaptive intervention for slow responders was implemented and evaluated. Adults ≥ 21 years old with prediabetes were stratified to the standard Group Lifestyle Balance intervention (GLB;n = 79) or the adaptive GLB Plus intervention (GLB + ;n = 105) based on first-month treatment response. Intake of total fat w...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - March 18, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Determinants of physical activity engagement in older adults
AbstractIn order to increase engagement in physical activity, it is important to determine which factors contribute to physical activity engagement in older adults. The current study examined the relative predictive ability of several potential determinants, in terms of both the concurrent level as well as longitudinal trajectories. Clinically normal adults aged 61 –92 completed the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (n = 189 for cross-sectional models; n = 214 for longitudinal models). Potential determinants included age, gender, education, physical health, sensory health, mood, cardiovascular health, cogni...
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - March 15, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The relationship between mindfulness and enduring somatic threat severity in long-term cardiac arrest survivors
ConclusionESTs are common among CA survivors. Mindfulness may be a protective skill that CA survivors use to cope with ESTs. Future psychosocial interventions for the CA population should consider using mindfulness as a core skill to reduce ESTs. (Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine - March 9, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
