Small intestinal resident eosinophils maintain gut homeostasis following microbial colonization
Eosinophils are resident cells found in high numbers in the small intestine. Ignacio et al. reveal that in response to microbial colonization, eosinophils sense the IL-33 released by epithelial cells to maintain the integrity of the intestinal villi, epithelial cell turnover, intestinal barrier function, and recruitment of mature macrophages to maintain homeostasis. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - June 15, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Aline Ignacio, Kathleen Shah, Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani, Yasmin K öller, Gillian Coakley, Mati Moyat, Romain Hamelin, Florence Armand, Nick C. Wong, Hena Ramay, Carolyn A. Thomson, Regula Burkhard, Haozhe Wang, Antoine Dufour, Markus B. Geuking, Braedon M Tags: Article Source Type: research
Atlas of currently available human neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and escape by Omicron sub-variants BA.1/BA.1.1/BA.2/BA.3
The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern brings new challenges toward host immunity and protection. Huang et al. tested the neutralization potency of 50 human mAbs against Omicron sub-variants BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, and BA.3. Structural analysis of three mAbs provides further insight into the immune evasion capacity of Omicron sub-variants. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - June 14, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Min Huang, Lili Wu, Anqi Zheng, Yufeng Xie, Qingwen He, Xiaoyu Rong, Pu Han, Pei Du, Pengcheng Han, Zengyuan Zhang, Runchu Zhao, Yunfei Jia, Linjie Li, Bin Bai, Ziliang Hu, Shixiong Hu, Sheng Niu, Yu Hu, Honghui Liu, Bo Liu, Kaige Cui, Weiwei Li, Xin Zhao Tags: Article Source Type: research
Atlas of currently-available human neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and escape by Omicron sub-variants BA.1/BA.1.1/BA.2/BA.3
The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern brings new challenges toward host immunity and protection. Huang et al. tested the neutralization potency of 50 human mAbs against Omicron sub-variants BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2 and BA.3. Structural analysis of three mAbs provides further insight into the immune evasion capacity of Omicron sub-variants. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - June 14, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Min Huang, Lili Wu, Anqi Zheng, Yufeng Xie, Qingwen He, Xiaoyu Rong, Pu Han, Pei Du, Pengcheng Han, Zengyuan Zhang, Runchu Zhao, Yunfei Jia, Linjie Li, Bin Bai, Ziliang Hu, Shixiong Hu, Sheng Niu, Yu Hu, Honghui Liu, Bo Liu, Kaige Cui, Weiwei Li, Xin Zhao Tags: Article Source Type: research
Genetic tracing reveals transcription factor Foxp3-dependent and Foxp3-independent functionality of peripherally induced Treg cells
Foxp3 induction in mature CD4+ T cells gives rise to peripheral Treg (pTreg) cells that enforce tolerance to food and commensal microbes. However, the role of Foxp3 in pTreg cells and the mechanisms supporting their differentiation remain unclear. Van der Veeken et al. use genetic tracing to identify microbiota-induced pTreg cel ls and find that they have Foxp3-dependent and Foxp3-independent features. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - June 13, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Joris van der Veeken, Clarissa Campbell, Yuri Pritykin, Michail Schizas, Jacob Verter, Wei Hu, Zhong-Min Wang, Fanny Matheis, Daniel Mucida, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Talal A. Chatila, Alexander Y. Rudensky Tags: Article Source Type: research
Androgen receptor-mediated CD8+ T cell stemness programs drive sex differences in antitumor immunity
Most non-reproductive human cancers exhibit sex differences, but the underlying immunological mechanism remains unknown. Yang et al. identify that AR signaling accelerates the transition from stem cell-like CD8+ T cells to terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells in males, leading to sex-biased antitumor immunity, whereas AR signaling inhibition reprograms CD8+ T cells into a stem cell-like state to potentiate cancer immunother apy. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - June 13, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Chao Yang, Jingsi Jin, Yuanqin Yang, Hongxiang Sun, Lingling Wu, Mingyi Shen, Xiaochuan Hong, Wenwen Li, Lu Lu, Dongqing Cao, Xinran Wang, Jing Sun, Youqiong Ye, Bing Su, Liufu Deng Tags: Article Source Type: research
SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell memory with common TCRαβ motifs is established in unvaccinated children who seroconvert after infection
Children are at lower risk of developing severe COVID-19, yet their primary and memory immune responses are understudied. Rowntree et al. define ex vivo CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses toward SARS-CoV-2 using peptide-HLA tetramers. They find that children have comparable Spike-specific but lower ORF1a- and N-specific memory T cell magnitude with less clonal expansion in comparison with adults. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - June 7, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Louise C. Rowntree, Thi H.O. Nguyen, Lukasz Kedzierski, Melanie R. Neeland, Jan Petersen, Jeremy Chase Crawford, Lilith F. Allen, E. Bridie Clemens, Brendon Chua, Hayley A. McQuilten, Anastasia A. Minervina, Mikhail V. Pogorelyy, Priyanka Chaurasia, Hyon- Tags: Article Source Type: research
SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell memory with common TCR αβ motifs is established in unvaccinated children who seroconvert after infection
eTOC SummaryChildren are at lower risk of developing severe COVID-19, yet their primary and memory immune responses are understudied. Rowntree et al. define ex vivo CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses towards SARS-CoV-2 using peptide-HLA tetramers. They find that children have comparable spike-specific but lower ORF1a- and N-specific memory T cell magnitude with less clonal expansion in comparison to adults. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - June 7, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Louise C. Rowntree, Thi H.O. Nguyen, Lukasz Kedzierski, Melanie R. Neeland, Jan Petersen, Jeremy Chase Crawford, Lilith F. Allen, E. Bridie Clemens, Brendon Chua, Hayley A. McQuilten, Anastasia A. Minervina, Mikhail V. Pogorelyy, Priyanka Chaurasia, Hyon- Tags: Article Source Type: research
Mass cytometry reveals a conserved immune trajectory of recovery in hospitalized COVID-19 patients
eTOC blurb (in brief)An eTOC blurb should also be included that is no longer than 50 words describing the context and significance of the findings for the broader journal readership. When writing this paragraph, please target it to non-specialists by highlighting the major conceptual point of the paper in plain language, without extensive experimental detail. The blurb must be written in the third person and refer to “First Author et al.”Immunological changes during COVID-19 resolution remain unknown. Burnett, Okholm, Tenvooren et al. analyze longitudinal blood samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients by single-cell...
Source: Immunity - June 6, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Cassandra E. Burnett, Trine Line Hauge Okholm, Iliana Tenvooren, Diana M. Marquez, Stanley Tamaki, Priscila Munoz Sandoval, Andrew Willmore, The UCSF COMET Consortium, Carolyn M. Hendrickson, Kirsten N. Kangelaris, Charles R. Langelier, Matthew F. Krummel Tags: Article Source Type: research
Leucine-tRNA-synthase-2-expressing B cells contribute to colorectal cancer immunoevasion
Immunoregulatory B cells impede antitumor immunity through unknown features and mechanisms. Wang et al. discover LARS B subset with TGF-β1 dominant features in progressive CRC and propose a leucine-dieting scheme, limiting LARS B cells by targeting mitochondrial NAD+ regeneration. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - June 3, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zhiqiang Wang, Zhou Lu, Shengli Lin, Jie Xia, Ziwen Zhong, Zhangjuan Xie, Yun Xing, Jingbo Qie, Mengxia Jiao, Yifan Li, Haoyu Wen, Pengyuan Zhao, Dan Zhang, Pinghong Zhou, Jiawen Qian, Feifei Luo, Luman Wang, Hongxiu Yu, Jie Liu, Jie Gu, Ronghua Liu, Yiwe Tags: Article Source Type: research
Phage display of environmental protein toxins and virulence factors reveals the prevalence, persistence, and genetics of antibody responses
Lifelong exposures to microbes and their protein products profoundly impact human health. Angkeow et al. employed pan-toxin, pan-virulence factor PhIP-Seq to profile the antibodies of healthy volunteers and patients with autoinflammatory diseases. They report that peptide binding repertoires are unique and stable in adulthood and are modulated by the MHC-II locus. Crohn’s-disease-associated fla gellin antibodies are found in juvenile dermatomyositis patients. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 31, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Julia W. Angkeow, Daniel R. Monaco, Athena Chen, Thiagarajan Venkataraman, Sahana Jayaraman, Cristian Valencia, Brandon M. Sie, Thomas Liechti, Payam N. Farhadi, Gabriela Funez-dePagnier, Cheryl A. Sherman-Baust, May Q. Wong, Ingo Ruczinski, Patrizio Catu Tags: Article Source Type: research
BCL6-dependent TCF-1+ progenitor cells maintain effector and helper CD4+ T cell responses to persistent antigen
Understanding T cell responses in the presence of chronic antigen has largely focused on CD8+ T cells, while the persistence of CD4+ T cells during continued antigen exposure is underexplored. Xia, Sandor, and Pai et al. identify a self-renewing progenitor CD4+ T cell population required for sustaining both f ollicular helper and effector CD4+ T cells. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 27, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yu Xia, Katalin Sandor, Joy A. Pai, Bence Daniel, Saravanan Raju, Renee Wu, Sunnie Hsiung, Yanyan Qi, Tenzin Yangdon, Mariko Okamoto, Chun Chou, Kamir J. Hiam-Galvez, Robert D. Schreiber, Kenneth M. Murphy, Ansuman T. Satpathy, Takeshi Egawa Tags: Article Source Type: research
The magnitude and timing of recalled immunity after breakthrough infection is shaped by SARS-CoV-2 variants
Koutsakos et al. analyzed the recall of spike-specific immunity following vaccination of seropositive individuals and breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals. Compared to recall following vaccination, recall during breakthrough infections is delayed and variable in magnitude. The recall of neutralising antibodies temporally correlated with control of Delta breakthrough infection viral load, while Omicron breakthrough elicited less extensive immune recall versus Delta. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 26, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Marios Koutsakos, Wen Shi Lee, Arnold Reynaldi, Hyon-Xhi Tan, Grace Gare, Paul Kinsella, Kwee Chin Liew, George Taiaroa, Deborah A. Williamson, Helen E. Kent, Eva Stadler, Deborah Cromer, David S. Khoury, Adam K. Wheatley, Jennifer A. Juno, Miles P. Daven Tags: Article Source Type: research
Dendritic cells can prime anti-tumor CD8+ T cell responses through major histocompatibility complex cross-dressing
Although antigen cross-presentation is important for DCs to orchestrate anti-tumor CD8+ T cell responses, the role of alternative antigen presentation pathways is unclear. MacNabb et al. show that CD8+ T cell priming can be mediated by DCs that acquire and present tumor-derived MHC-I complexes—a phenomenon known as MHC cross-dressing. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 25, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Brendan W. MacNabb, Sravya Tumuluru, Xiufen Chen, James Godfrey, Darshan N. Kasal, Jovian Yu, Marlieke L.M. Jongsma, Robbert M. Spaapen, Douglas E. Kline, Justin Kline Tags: Article Source Type: research
Newly recruited intraepithelial Ly6A+CCR9+CD4+ T cells protect against enteric viral infection
It was known that a large number of T cells accumulate in the gut epithelium, but it remained unclear whether they play a role against enteric virus infections. Using fate-mapping models, Parsa et al. report that distinct enteric viruses induce the recruitment of CD4+ T cells to the gut epithelium and that these cells control viral replication via IFN-γ secretion. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 25, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Roham Parsa, Mariya London, Tiago Bruno Rezende de Castro, Bernardo Reis, Julian Buissant des Amorie, Jason G. Smith, Daniel Mucida Tags: Article Source Type: research
Activation of the transcription factor NRF2 mediates the anti-inflammatory properties of a subset of over-the-counter and prescription NSAIDs
The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is ubiquitous. Herein, Eisenstein et. al., identify a noncanonical mechanism of action for the anti-inflammatory activity of NSAIDs through activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). In endotoxemia and gout models, indomethacin improved inflammation in an NRF2-dependent manner. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 18, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Anna Eisenstein, Brandon K. Hilliard, Scott D. Pope, Cuiling Zhang, Pranali Taskar, Daniel A. Waizman, Kavita Israni-Winger, Hui Tian, Harding H. Luan, Andrew Wang Tags: Article Source Type: research
