Multi-omics blood atlas reveals unique features of immune and platelet responses to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron breakthrough infection
The blood parameters altered by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection have not been sufficiently resolved. Wang et al. profile more than 1,000 human blood or plasma samples to generate a multi-omics atlas, revealing unique features of the systemic host response and facilitating the development of screening and therapeutic strategies for Omicron breakthrough infection. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 16, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hong Wang, Cuicui Liu, Xiaowei Xie, Mingming Niu, Yingrui Wang, Xuelian Cheng, Biao Zhang, Dong Zhang, Mengyao Liu, Rui Sun, Yezi Ma, Shihui Ma, Huijun Wang, Guoqing Zhu, Yang Lu, Baiming Huang, Pei Su, Xiaoyuan Chen, Jingjing Zhao, Hongtao Wang, Long She Tags: Resource Source Type: research
Multi-dimensional Dissection of Blood Components reveals an Uncanonical Immune Landscape in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Patients
The blood parameters altered by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection have not been sufficiently resolved. Wang et al. profile more than 1000 human blood or plasma samples to generate a multi-omics atlas, revealing unique features of the systemic host response and facilitating development of screening and therapeutic strategies for Omicron breakthrough infection. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 16, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hong Wang, Cuicui Liu, Xiaowei Xie, Mingming Niu, Yingrui Wang, Xuelian Cheng, Biao Zhang, Dong Zhang, Mengyao Liu, Rui Sun, Yezi Ma, Shihui Ma, Huijun Wang, Guoqing Zhu, Yang Lu, Baiming Huang, Pei Su, Xiaoyuan Chen, Jingjing Zhao, Hongtao Wang, Long She Tags: Resource Source Type: research
Phage display sequencing reveals that genetic, environmental, and intrinsic factors influence variation of human antibody epitope repertoire
In this study, Andreu-S ánchez et al. utilize phage-displayed immunoprecipitation sequencing to investigate the environmental and genetic determinants shaping human adaptive immunity. The results suggest that both genetics and environmental exposures shape human antibody epitope repertoires, with specific signatures of d istinct phenotypes and genotypes. Furthermore, co-occurring antibody responses suggest a link between bacterial immunity and the development of allergies or autoimmunity. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 9, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sergio Andreu-S ánchez, Arno R. Bourgonje, Thomas Vogl, Alexander Kurilshikov, Sigal Leviatan, Angel J. Ruiz-Moreno, Shixian Hu, Trishla Sinha, Arnau Vich Vila, Shelley Klompus, Iris N. Kalka, Karina de Leeuw, Suzanne Arends, Iris Jonkers, Sebo Withoff, Tags: Resource Source Type: research
Recruitment of epitope-specific T cell clones with a low-avidity threshold supports efficacy against mutational escape upon re-infection
High-avidity CD8+ T cells provide protective immunity. However, their recruitment into immune responses alongside lower avidity T cells is not well understood. Straub et al. here show that rare high-avidity clones are selectively expanded from naive precursor repertoires with heterogeneous functionalities. Such pol yclonal recruitment enables flexible immune responses against heterologous re-infection. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 9, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Adrian Straub, Simon Grassmann, Sebastian Jarosch, Lena Richter, Philipp Hilgendorf, Monika Hammel, Karolin I. Wagner, Veit R. Buchholz, Kilian Schober, Dirk H. Busch Tags: Article Source Type: research
Intrinsically determined turnover underlies broad heterogeneity in plasma-cell lifespan
Plasma cell (PC) longevity is a key determinant of long-lasting immunity. Robinson, Ding, et al. develop a genetic time-stamping approach to quantify homeostatic PC turnover and uniquely identify those cells that are long-lived in bone marrow and spleen. Such PCs are enriched for a gene signature and cell-surface phenotype, with their turnover determined intrinsically and not by niche com petition. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 9, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Marcus James Robinson, Zhoujie Ding, Mark R. Dowling, Danika L. Hill, Rosela H. Webster, Craig McKenzie, Catherine Pitt, Kristy O ’Donnell, Jesse Mulder, Erica Brodie, Philip D. Hodgkin, Nick C. Wong, Isaak Quast, David M. Tarlinton Tags: Article Source Type: research
Phage-display immunoprecipitation sequencing of the antibody epitope repertoire in inflammatory bowel disease reveals distinct antibody signatures
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) feature antibody responses against antigens that are generally not recognized by the host immune system. Bourgonje et al. investigated serum antibody responses against 344,000 microbial-, food-, and self-antigens in individuals with and without IBD using PhIP-Seq. They uncovered distinct antibody responses that were associated with IBD and specific disease characteristics. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 9, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Arno R. Bourgonje, Sergio Andreu-S ánchez, Thomas Vogl, Shixian Hu, Arnau Vich Vila, Ranko Gacesa, Sigal Leviatan, Alexander Kurilshikov, Shelley Klompus, Iris N. Kalka, Hendrik M. van Dullemen, Adina Weinberger, Marijn C. Visschedijk, Eleonora A.M. Fest Tags: Resource Source Type: research
cis-B7:CD28 interactions at invaginated synaptic membranes provide CD28 co-stimulation and promote CD8+ T cell function and anti-tumor immunity
Classically, B7 ligands on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) activate the T cell co-stimulatory receptor, CD28. Zhao et al. reveal that B7 on T cells can activate CD28 in cis at endocytosis-associated membrane curvatures. This cis-signaling promotes anti-tumor T cell responses and explains how T cells sustain functionality in APC-sparse tissues. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 8, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yunlong Zhao, Christine Caron, Ya-Yuan Chan, Calvin K. Lee, Xiaozheng Xu, Jibin Zhang, Takeya Masubuchi, Chuan Wu, Jack D. Bui, Enfu Hui Tags: Article Source Type: research
Interleukin-3 coordinates glial-peripheral immune crosstalk to incite multiple sclerosis
IL-3 is a multifunction cytokine whose function in neuroinflammation is presently unclear. Kiss et al. reveal that astrocyte- and T cell-sourced IL-3 programs myeloid cells to exacerbate neuroinflammation by inciting a cellular recruitment program that drives the accrual of immune cells in the CNS, worsening MS and its preclinical model. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 8, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: M áté G. Kiss, John E. Mindur, Abi G. Yates, Donghoon Lee, John F. Fullard, Atsushi Anzai, Wolfram C. Poller, Kathleen A. Christie, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Vladimir Roudko, Jeffrey Downey, Christopher T. Chan, Pacific Huynh, Henrike Janssen, Achilles Ntranos, Tags: Article Source Type: research
A local subset of mesenchymal cells expressing the transcription factor Osr1 orchestrates lymph node initiation
The initial step of lymph node (LN) formation relies on lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells, which are poorly characterized. Vallecillo-Garc ía et al. reveal that Osr1 labels mesenchymal LTo cells and their progenitors, is essential for their commitment via retinoic acid signaling, and is required for LN-associated lymphatic vasculature assembly. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 8, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Pedro Vallecillo-Garc ía, Mickael Orgeur, Glenda Comai, Sophie Poehle-Kronnawitter, Cornelius Fischer, Marleen Gloger, Camille E. Dumas, Claudia Giesecke-Thiel, Sascha Sauer, Shahragim Tajbakhsh, Uta E. Höpken, Sigmar Stricker Tags: Article Source Type: research
M cell maturation and cDC activation determine the onset of adaptive immune priming in the neonatal Peyer ’s patch
Despite the critical importance of immune development in early life, our mechanistic understanding of this process is limited. Torow et al. demonstrate that postnatal establishment of intestinal microbe-host interaction is not expressly driven by early microbial colonization, but rather the maturation of Peyer’s patch M cells and antigen-presenting cells. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - May 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Natalia Torow, Ronghui Li, Thomas Charles Adrian Hitch, Clemens Mingels, Shahed Al Bounny, Niels van Best, Eva-Lena Stange, Britta Simons, Tiago Mai é, Lennart Rüttger, Narasimha Murthy Keshava Prasad Gubbi, Darryl Adelaide Abbott, Adam Benabid, Michael Tags: Article Source Type: research
Methotrexate suppresses psoriatic skin inflammation by inhibiting muropeptide transporter SLC46A2 activity
Innate immune receptors NOD1/2 detect bacterial peptidoglycans that access the cytosol. However, the mechanisms by which peptidoglycan fragments reach the cytosol are unclear. Bharadwaj et al. reveal that Slc46a2 is critical for transporting DAP-type peptidoglycans into keratinocytes, inhibited by the anti-inflammatory methotrexate, and works with the NOD1 pathway to incite psoriatic inflammation. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - April 27, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ravi Bharadwaj, Christina F. Lusi, Siavash Mashayekh, Abhinit Nagar, Malireddi Subbarao, Griffin I. Kane, Kimberly A. Wodzanowski, Ashley R. Brown, Kendi Okuda, Amanda Monahan, Donggi Paik, Anubhab Nandy, Madison V. Anonick, William E. Goldman, Thirumala- Tags: Article Source Type: research
CD4+ T cell-mediated recognition of a conserved cholesterol-dependent cytolysin epitope generates broad antibacterial immunity
CD4+ T cell-mediated immunity protects against infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), but the relevant antigens have not been identified previously. Ciacchi et al. show that near-ubiquitous CD4+ T cell reactivity against a conserved epitope from the pneumococcal cholesterol-dependent c ytolysin (CDC) pneumolysin generates trans-phyla immunity against divergent bacterial pathogens encoding CDCs. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - April 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lisa Ciacchi, Martijn D.B. van de Garde, Kristin Ladell, Carine Farenc, Martien C.M. Poelen, Kelly L. Miners, Carmen Llerena, Hugh H. Reid, Jan Petersen, David A. Price, Jamie Rossjohn, C écile A.C.M. van Els Tags: Article Source Type: research
The RNA editor ADAR2 promotes immune cell trafficking by enhancing endothelial responses to interleukin-6 during sterile inflammation
Immune cell trafficking is integral for organism resilience to stress, but how the vascular endothelium adjusts this process to environmental stimuli remains elusive. Gatsiou et al. report that RNA nucleotide changes made by the hypoxia-induced RNA editor ADAR2 promote endothelial responses to IL-6 that enhance leukocyte trafficking in ischemic tissues. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - April 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Aikaterini Gatsiou, Simon Tual-Chalot, Matteo Napoli, Almudena Ortega-Gomez, Tommy Regen, Rachit Badolia, Valeriana Cesarini, Claudia Garcia-Gonzalez, Raphael Chevre, Giorgia Ciliberti, Carlos Silvestre-Roig, Maurizio Martini, Jedrzej Hoffmann, Rana Hamou Tags: Article Source Type: research
Immunological imprinting: Understanding COVID-19
Immunological imprinting generically refers to the effects prior exposures have on subsequent immune responses to, and eventually protection against, antigenically related viruses. Here Koutsakos and Ellebedy explain different concepts and terms around imprinting and the fundamental immunological principles behind it. They also discuss the potential role imprinting may have in the context of COVID-19 vaccines. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - April 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Marios Koutsakos, Ali H. Ellebedy Tags: Primer Source Type: research
Age-dependent differences in efferocytosis determine the outcome of opsonophagocytic protection from invasive pathogens
Many pathogens rarely cause invasive diseases during neonatal life. Bee et al. delineate an immunologic determinant of this phenomenon. During early life, developmental impairments in macrophage function (efferocytosis) alter neutrophil homeostasis to augment CD11b-dependent opsonophagocytosis. This results in increased protection against certain pathogens and accounts f or age-related patterns of susceptibility. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - April 13, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Gavyn Chern Wei Bee, Kristen L. Lokken-Toyli, Stephen T. Yeung, Lucie Rodriguez, Tonia Zangari, Exene E. Anderson, Sourav Ghosh, Carla V. Rothlin, Petter Brodin, Kamal M. Khanna, Jeffrey N. Weiser Tags: Article Source Type: research
