Life cycle assessment of routinely used endoscopic instruments and simple intervention to reduce our environmental impact
Conclusion
Knowledge of carbon footprint is crucial to select the most sustainable alternatives because there are large variations between brands. A mark to identify recyclable parts could reduce our environmental impact significantly. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Lopez-Munoz, P., Martin-Cabezuelo, R., Lorenzo-Zuniga, V., Vilarino-Feltrer, G., Tort-Ausina, I., Vidaurre, A., Pons Beltran, V. Tags: Gut Endoscopy Source Type: research
Changes in signalling from faecal neuroactive metabolites following dietary modulation of IBS pain
Conclusions
In a subset of IBS patients with improvement in abdominal pain following a LFD, there is a decrease in pronociceptive signalling from FS, suggesting that changes in luminal mediators may contribute to symptom response. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Tuck, C. J., Abu Omar, A., De Palma, G., Osman, S., Jimenez-Vargas, N. N., Yu, Y., Bennet, S. M., Lopez-Lopez, C., Jaramillo-Polanco, J. O., Baker, C. C., Bennett, A. S., Guzman-Rodriguez, M., Tsang, Q., Alward, T., Rolland, S., Morissette, C., Verdu, E. Tags: Gut Neurogastroenterology Source Type: research
Gut commensal Parabacteroides distasonis alleviates inflammatory arthritis
Conclusions
P. distasonis and ginsenoside Rg2 might represent probiotic and prebiotic agents in the treatment of RA. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sun, H., Guo, Y., Wang, H., Yin, A., Hu, J., Yuan, T., Zhou, S., Xu, W., Wei, P., Yin, S., Liu, P., Guo, X., Tang, Y., Yan, Y., Luo, Z., Wang, M., Liang, Q., Wu, P., Zhang, A., Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Li, Y., Li, J., Shan, J., Zhou, W. Tags: Gut Gut microbiota Source Type: research
Innumerable nodules in all parts of the small intestine
Clinical presentation A 46-year-old woman, with a medical history of recurrent urinary tract infections, was admitted to our hospital because of repeated episodes of nausea and vomiting for the last 3 years. Alarm symptoms were absent and physical examination was unremarkable. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed numerous small nodular lesions (measuring 1–5 mm in diameter) throughout the entire duodenum (figure 1). The stomach was not involved. Extensive biopsies from the nodules were obtained during the procedure (figure 2). Stool antigen test for Helicobacter pylori infection was negative. Laboratory examinat...
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Veghel, J. v., Zwam, P. v., Schreuder, R.-M. Tags: GUT Snapshot, Gut Editor ' s quiz: GI snapshot Source Type: research
Comprehensive molecular phenotyping of ARID1A-deficient gastric cancer reveals pervasive epigenomic reprogramming and therapeutic opportunities
Conclusion
Our results suggest a therapeutic strategy for ARID1A-mutated GCs targeting both tumour-intrinsic (BRD4-assocatiated promoter activation) and extrinsic (NFKB immunomodulation) cancer phenotypes. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Xu, C., Huang, K. K., Law, J. H., Chua, J. S., Sheng, T., Flores, N. M., Pizzi, M. P., Okabe, A., Tan, A. L. K., Zhu, F., Kumar, V., Lu, X., Benitez, A. M., Lian, B. S. X., Ma, H., Ho, S. W. T., Ramnarayanan, K., Anene-Nzelu, C. G., Razavi-Mohseni, M., Ab Tags: Gut Stomach Source Type: research
The first international Rome consensus conference on gut microbiota and faecal microbiota transplantation in inflammatory bowel disease
Background
Several randomised clinical trials (RCTs) performing faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly for ulcerative colitis, have recently been published, but with major variations in study design. These include differences in administered dose, route and frequency of delivery, type of placebo and evaluated endpoints. Although the overall outcomes appear to be promising, they are highly dependent on both donor and recipient factors.
Objective
To develop concensus-based statements and recommendations for the evaluation, management and potential treatme...
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Lopetuso, L. R., Deleu, S., Godny, L., Petito, V., Puca, P., Facciotti, F., Sokol, H., Ianiro, G., Masucci, L., Abreu, M., Dotan, I., Costello, S. P., Hart, A., Iqbal, T. H., Paramsothy, S., Sanguinetti, M., Danese, S., Tilg, H., Cominelli, F., Pizarro, T Tags: Open access, Editor's choice, Gut Guideline Source Type: research
Unique tumour microenvironment: when ferroptosis activation boosts ICI of liver cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has revolutionised cancer therapy in the past decade including liver cancer. Combined ICI (eg, atezolizumab) and anti-angiogenic (eg, bevacizumab) agents have become the new first-line treatment for advanced liver cancer over the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib.1 Nonetheless, this novel combined treatment does not cure disease but prolongs overall survival by approximately 6–9 months. There is recent evidence to suggest that the type of aetiology driving liver cancer affects the efficacy of response to combinatorial ICI: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-induced liver cancer was ...
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ramadori, P., Gallage, S., Heikenwälder, M. F. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
Cracking the host functional network involved in hepatitis B virus cccDNA biology
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes chronic infection in at least 250 million people worldwide, resulting in approximately 850 000 deaths annually. Chronic carriers are at risk of developing severe liver disease including decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV infection can be prevented with a highly effective prophylactic vaccine. Viraemia can be suppressed with nucleos/tide analogues targeting the HBV polymerase, but standard-of-care therapy rarely leads to a cure leaving patients requiring lifelong therapy to prevent relapse of viral replication. Furthermore, even on treatment patients remain at a re...
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Testoni, B., Ploss, A. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
Neuroactive changes in the bowel of patients with IBS on low FODMAP diet: another piece of the puzzle
The publication of Rome IV saw the introduction of the term ‘disorder of gut brain interaction’ as a replacement for the previously used terminology ‘functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder’ to describe GI conditions classified by symptoms related to any combination of motility disturbance, visceral hypersensitivity, dysregulated mucosal or immune function and gut microbiota, or altered central nervous system processing. A driving force for this change was a need to address the false perception that ‘functional’ disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are less real than &lsquo...
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bulmer, D. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
Parabacteroides distasonis: an emerging probiotic?
Parabacteroides distasonis, a gram-negative anaerobe, is a member of the core microbiome in the human gut and its abundance could be dynamically modulated by diet.1 In Gut, Sun et al reported that P. distasonis was markedly depleted in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the extent of such depletion was positively correlated with the disease activity.2 The authors also showed that gavaging P. distasonis to collagen-induced arthritic mice and tumour necrosis factor-α transgenic mice attenuated arthritis severity, accompanied by the enhancement of gut barrier function and the restoration of T helper 17 cell/regulato...
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wu, W. K. K. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
British Society of Gastroenterology interim framework for addressing the COVID-19-related backlog in inflammatory bowel disease colorectal cancer surveillance
The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound implications across the breadth of national healthcare services. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to carry an increased risk of colon cancer and national protocols for endoscopic surveillance are in place. Elective procedures such as IBD surveillance were stopped during the COVID-19 pandemic and have been slow to be re-started. We are acutely aware of the pressures on endoscopy services at the present time which is unlikely to improve at the pace needed for services to fully recover. At such times, we need to target this scarce resource to those who need it most, aligned to ...
Source: Gut - August 7, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Churchhouse, A. M., Moffat, V. E., Selinger, C. P., Lamb, C. A., Thornton, M. J., Penman, I., Din, S., on behalf of the BSG and Scottish IBD Surveillance Group, on behalf of the BSG, Scottish IBD Surveillance Group, Churchhouse, Penman, Thornton, Dunn, Sm Tags: Open access, Gut, COVID-19 Commentary Source Type: research
Most excess years of potential life loss among individuals with cirrhosis during the pandemic were not related to COVID-19
We read with interest the article by Dufour et al.1 The authors were to be commended for their comprehensive review on the presentations, pathophysiology and prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with chronic liver disease. Notably, the authors included data from multicentre and nationwide cohort studies to suggest decompensated cirrhosis as an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 and death.1–6 However, while excess death from COVID-19 among patients with cirrhosis is important, the non-COVID-19-related excess death is integral in considering the degree of care disruption and delayed presentation, especially for t...
Source: Gut - July 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Zhao, Y., Yeo, Y. H., Samaan, J., Lv, F., He, X., Gao, N., Park, J., Yang, J. D., Ayoub, W., Odden, M. C., Ji, F., Nguyen, M. H. Tags: Gut, COVID-19 PostScript Source Type: research
Role of the DOMINO diet application for managing IBS in primary care and beyond
We thank Rej et al for their interest in our DOMINO trial paper.1 2 In their letter, they point out that while the DOMINO application yields a statistically significant gain in responder rate over traditional medical therapy with otilonium bromide, the numerical difference is limited, as it amounts to only 10% at weeks 4 and 8. We want to point out that these margins are in the order of magnitude of the gain in response rate over placebo in recent trials with novel drugs for the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) that have seen regulatory approval.3–6 In addition, the attractiveness of the dietary approach i...
Source: Gut - July 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Tack, J., Van den Houte, K., Carbone, F. Tags: Gut PostScript Source Type: research
Microbiome variance of the small bowel in Crohns disease
We read with interest the study by Clooney et al, which identified determinants of microbiome variance in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).1 Despite Crohn’s disease (CD) explaining most variance, most of the faecal microbiota variation was unexplained as previously described on population level.2 CD affects the entire gut, but most studies use stool samples as a proxy for the colonic environment.3 The small intestinal microbiome differs from stool and both vertical (proximal to distal) and horizontal (luminal to mucosal) gradients exist,4 but is generally understudied, especially in CD. Recently, we showed difference...
Source: Gut - July 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wauters, L., Tito, R. Y., Ceulemans, M., Outtier, A., Rymenans, L., Verspecht, C., Sabino, J., Ferrante, M., Vermeire, S., Vanuytsel, T., Raes, J. Tags: Gut PostScript Source Type: research
Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in men with high-risk homosexual activity
We read with great interest the epidemiological studies in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by Agrawal et al1 and Cha et al2 and would like to point out that the prevalence and natural history of IBD in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (or questioning), intersex and asexual (or allies) (LGBTQIA+) population have not yet been reported.3 This is an important issue to address since, according to a 2022 Gallup poll, up to 7.1% of Americans identify as LGBTQIA+, up from 5.6% in 2020.4 In the present study, we used a large population-based database to evaluate the prevalence of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcera...
Source: Gut - July 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Mansoor, E., Martin, S. A., Perez, A., Nguyen, V. Q., Katz, J. A., Gupta, S., Cominelli, F. Tags: Gut PostScript Source Type: research
