Persistent villous atrophy predicts development of complications and mortality in adult patients with coeliac disease: a multicentre longitudinal cohort study and development of a score to identify high-risk patients
Conclusions
Risk of complications and mortality were increased in patients with pVA. We developed a score to identify patients at risk of pVA and in need of histological reassessment and closer follow-up. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Schiepatti, A., Maimaris, S., Raju, S. A., Green, O. L., Mantica, G., Therrien, A., Flores-Marin, D., Linden, J., Fernandez-Banares, F., Esteve, M., Leffler, D., Biagi, F., Sanders, D. S. Tags: Open access, Gut Coeliac disease Source Type: research
IL-3 receptor signalling suppresses chronic intestinal inflammation by controlling mechanobiology and tissue egress of regulatory T cells
IL-3 has been reported to be involved in various inflammatory disorders, but its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been addressed so far. Here, we determined IL-3 expression in samples from patients with IBD and studied the impact of Il3 or Il3r deficiency on T cell-dependent experimental colitis. We explored the mechanical, cytoskeletal and migratory properties of Il3r –/– and Il3r +/+ T cells using real-time deformability cytometry, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and in vitro and in vivo cell trafficking assays. We observed that...
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ullrich, K. A.-M., Derdau, J., Baltes, C., Battistella, A., Rosso, G., Uderhardt, S., Schulze, L. L., Liu, L.-J., Dedden, M., Spocinska, M., Kainka, L., Kubankova, M., Müller, T. M., Schmidt, N.-M., Becker, E., Ben Brahim, O., Atreya, I., Finotto, Tags: Open access, Gut Inflammatory bowel disease Source Type: research
Genetic coding variant in complement factor B (CFB) is associated with increased risk for perianal Crohns disease and leads to impaired CFB cleavage and phagocytosis
Conclusion
pCD-associated rs4151651 in CFB is a loss-of-function mutation that impairs its cleavage, activation of alternative complement pathway, and pathogen phagocytosis thus implicating the alternative complement pathway and CFB in pCD aetiology. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Akhlaghpour, M., Haritunians, T., More, S. K., Thomas, L. S., Stamps, D. T., Dube, S., Li, D., Yang, S., Landers, C. J., Mengesha, E., Hamade, H., Murali, R., Potdar, A. A., Wolf, A. J., Botwin, G. J., Khrom, M., International IBD Genetics Consortium, Ana Tags: Gut Inflammatory bowel disease Source Type: research
Efficient plasma metabolic fingerprinting as a novel tool for diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer: a large-scale, multicentre study
Conclusion
We developed and validated diagnostic and prognostic models for GC, which also contribute to advanced metabolic analysis towards diseases, including but not limited to GC. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Xu, Z., Huang, Y., Hu, C., Du, L., Du, Y.-A., Zhang, Y., Qin, J., Liu, W., Wang, R., Yang, S., Wu, J., Cao, J., Zhang, J., Chen, G.-P., Lv, H., Zhao, P., He, W., Wang, X., Xu, M., Wang, P., Hong, C., Yang, L.-T., Xu, J., Chen, J., Wei, Q., Zhang, R., Yuan Tags: Open access, Gut Stomach Source Type: research
Multivalent tyrosine kinase inhibition promotes T cell recruitment to immune-desert gastric cancers by restricting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via tumour-intrinsic IFN-{gamma} signalling
Conclusion
Our findings identified potential druggable targets relevant to patient groups, especially for refractory immune desert-type/ ‘cold’ GC. Dovitinib, an RTK inhibitor, sensitised desert-type immune-cold GC to CTLA4 blockade by restricting EMT and recruiting T cells. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Cao, L. L., Lu, H., Soutto, M., Bhat, N., Chen, Z., Peng, D., Gomaa, A., Wang, J. B., Xie, J. W., Li, P., Zheng, C. H., Nomura, S., Datta, J., Merchant, N., Chen, Z. B., Villarino, A., Zaika, A., Huang, C. M., El-Rifai, W. Tags: Gut Stomach Source Type: research
Bismuth quadruple three-in-one single capsule three times a day increases effectiveness compared with the usual four times a day schedule: results from the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)
Conclusions
ScBQT prescribed three times a day was more effective than the traditional four times a day schedule. No differences were observed in treatment adherence or safety. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Gut Helicobacter pylori Source Type: research
Comparison of drugs for active eosinophilic oesophagitis: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Conclusions
Although this network meta-analysis supports the efficacy of most available drugs over placebo for EoE treatment, significant heterogeneity in eligibility criteria and outcome measures among available trials hampers the establishment of a solid therapeutic hierarchy. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Visaggi, P., Barberio, B., Del Corso, G., de Bortoli, N., Black, C. J., Ford, A. C., Savarino, E. Tags: Gut Oesophagus Source Type: research
GI snapshot: weight loss and altered bowel habit in a 72-year-old woman
Introduction A 72-year-old woman presented with a 9-month history of alternating constipation and diarrhoea, with postprandial abdominal pain. She noted constitutional symptoms of weight loss, decreased appetite and night sweats. This occurred on a background of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), treated with 200 mg twice daily hydroxychloroquine and 10 mg daily prednisolone. She appeared cachectic with significant muscle wasting. Abdominal examination revealed diffuse tenderness on deep palpation, with no appreciable mass or lymphadenopathy. White cell count was 12.6x109/L (ref range: 4.0–11.0), platelet 580x109/L ...
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Lin, L., Gilmore, R., Basnayake, C. Tags: GUT Snapshot, Gut Editor ' s quiz: GI snapshot Source Type: research
Accuracy of measuring colorectal polyp size in pathology: a prospective study
Message Guideline-conforming endoscopic polyp resection and follow-up are dependent on accurate polyp sizing estimation. However, studies evaluating the feasibility and accuracy of pathology-based polyp size measurement are lacking. We conducted a prospective clinical study (482 polyps resected in 203 consecutive patients) evaluating pathology-based size measurement for colorectal polyps. To obtain reference size measurements, we measured polyp size immediately after removing polyps from the colon prior to formalin fixation. Due to piecemeal resection or fragmentation of specimens during the retrieval process, only 59% of ...
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Djinbachian, R., Khellaf, A., Noyon, B., Soucy, G., Nguyen, B. N., von Renteln, D. Tags: Gut Endoscopy news Source Type: research
Quest for immunological biomarkers in the management of CHB patients
Control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection requires functional virus-specific T cells, yet clinical management of patients with chronic HBV infection (CHB) relies exclusively on the assessment of virological (HBV-DNA, HBsAg) and biochemical (alanine transaminase (ALT)) biomarkers. There is, however, a growing recognition of the necessity to categorise CHB patients based on their profile of HBV-specific immunity. Such immunological biomarkers might guide when to start or stop nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy, and/or identify patients who would benefit from novel therapeutic strategies designed to modify host–viru...
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bertoletti, A., Le Bert, N. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
Defective microbial sensing and clearance in perianal Crohns disease: a role for complement factor B
Fistulising perianal disease is one of the common presentations in Crohn’s disease (CD).1 Between 12% and 41% of patients with CD develop perianal complications of fistulising disease or abscesses.2 Whereas disease susceptibility in complex and multifactorial CD has been associated with over hundred genetic loci allowing insight into the pathophysiology, the genetic basis and functional mechanisms of disease subphenotypes such as fistulising perianal disease are less well understood and better mechanistic and therapeutic insights are needed.3 Under homeostatic conditions, tissue resident intestinal macrophages with h...
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ghate, A., Uhlig, H. H. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
To biopsy or not to biopsy: that is the question
The debate on the necessity of follow-up biopsy in coeliac disease has been ongoing for decades. The follow-up biopsy was dropped largely to reduce the burden of diagnosis and management in children. However, with the appreciation that coeliac disease can present in adulthood and is often associated with complications pertinent to the adult disease, it inherently is a more chronic inflammatory disorder in adults where healing is neither rapid nor assured—and in some circumstances, even frequent. The management of other classic chronic inflammatory gastrointstinal disorders, particularly Crohn’s disease and ulce...
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Murray, J. A. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
Comparing the relative efficacy of therapeutics for eosinophilic oesophagitis: is counting eosinophils the right target?
Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is characterised by an abundance of oesophageal epithelial eosinophils.1 There is strong rationale that supports the eosinophil as central to the pathophysiology of EoE. In histology, the eosinophil is numerically the dominant inflammatory cell. Moreover, the eosinophil is capable of producing inflammation and tissue remodelling in human tissue. On degranulation, multiple destructive mediators are released that can invoke a robust inflammatory response. These include eosinophil proinflammatory cationic proteins (MBP, EDN, EPO, ECP), chemokines and cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TGF-β, et...
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hirano, I., Katzka, D. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
Correction: Pan-ERBB kinase inhibition augments CDK4/6 inhibitor efficacy in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Zhou J, Wu Z, Zhang Z, et al. Pan-ERBB kinase inhibition augments CDK4/6 inhibitor efficacy in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Gut 2022;71:665–75. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323276 Following publication of the original article, authors identified an error in figure 3B, specifically: TE9 cell line total HER3, total AKT and total ERK lanes appear to be misused. The correct figure is presented below. This correction does not affect the result and conclusions of the study. We apologise for this error and any inconvenience caused. Figure 3 Pan ERBB and CDK4/6 pathway dual inhibition demonstrated efficacy in ESCC. (A) I...
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Open access, Gut Correction Source Type: research
Correction: Sympathetic nervous activation, mitochondrial dysfunction and outcome in acutely decompensated cirrhosis: the metabolomic prognostic models (CLIF-C MET)
Weiss E, de la Peña-Ramirez C, Aguilar F, et al. Sympathetic nervous activation, mitochondrial dysfunction and outcome in acutely decompensated cirrhosis: the metabolomic prognostic models (CLIF-C MET). Gut 2023;72:1581-91.
The correct affiliation for Alexander L Gerbes is:
Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328708corr1 (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - October 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Open access, Gut Correction Source Type: research
