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Fermentation of waste water from agar processing with Bacillus subtilis by metabolomic analysis
This study provides a research basis for the devel opment of new natural antifungal agents and rational use of seaweed agar waste.Key points• Bacillus subtilis fermented waste water has antifungal activity• Bacillus subtilis could transform active substances in waste water• Waste water is a potential raw material for producing antifungal agentsGraphical abstract (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 3, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Construction of rBCG carrying the IL-2-BZLF1 fusion gene and its immunological function
AbstractIn this research, a recombinant Bacillus Calmette Guerin (rBCG) vector vaccine carrying a humanIL-2 and EBVBZLF1 fusion gene (IL-2-BZLF1-rBCG) was constructed. TheIL-2-BZLF1-rBCG construct was successfully generated and stably expressed the IL-2 and BZLF1 proteins.IL-2-BZLF1-rBCG activated the immune system and promoted the secretion of IFN- γ and TNF-α by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.IL-2-BZLF1-rBCG activated lymphocytes to effectively kill EBV-positive NPC cells in vitro. Additionally,IL-2-BZLF1-rBCG stimulated the proliferation of NK cells and lymphocytes in vivo, activated related immune responses, and effectively t...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 3, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Production of cello-oligosaccharides from corncob residue by degradation-synthesis reactions
In this study, two strategies were compared for their ability to transform CCR into cello-oligosaccharides (COS). The first strategy employed the use of endo-glucanases. Although selected endo-glucanases from GH9, GH12, GH45, and GH131 could release COS with degrees of polymerization from 2 to 4, the degrading efficiency was low. For the second strategy, first, CCR was efficiently depolymerized to glucose and cellobiose using the cellulase fromTrichoderma reesei. Then, using these simple sugars and sucrose as the starting materials, phosphorylases from different microorganisms were combined to generate COS to a level up to...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 3, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Research progress on carotenoid production by Rhodosporidium toruloides
AbstractCarotenoids are natural lipophilic pigments, which have been proven to provide significant health benefits to humans, relying on their capacity to efficiently scavenge singlet oxygen and peroxyl radicals as antioxidants. Strains belonging to the genusRhodosporidium represent a heterogeneous group known for a number of phenotypic traits including accumulation of carotenoids and lipids and tolerance to heavy metals and oxidative stress. As a representative of these yeasts,Rhodosporidium toruloides naturally produces carotenoids with high antioxidant activity and grows on a wide variety of carbon sources. As a result,...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 3, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Chitosan-based matrix as a carrier for bacteriophages
This study is focused on the preparation and characteristics of chitosan-based material in the form of a film with the addition ofPseudomonas lytic phages (KTN4, KT28, and LUZ19), which would exhibit antibacterial activity as a potential dressing that accelerates the wound healing. We investigated the method of producing a polymer based on microcrystalline chitosan (MKCh) to serve as the matrix for phage deposition. We described some important parameters such as average molar mass, swelling capacity, surface morphology, phage release profile, and antibacterial activity tested in thePseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial model. T...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Resistance mechanism of Escherichia coli strains with different ampicillin resistance levels
This study will improve our view of resistance mechanisms in bacteria with different levels of resistance and provide the basis for our understanding of the molecular mechanism of antibiotic resistance in ampicillin-resistantE. coli strains.Key points•The mutation of the ampC promoter may act synergistically with other mutations and lead to higher resistance.•Similar transcriptomic responses to ampicillin are induced in strains with different levels of resistance.•Low antibiotic concentrations are the steps that allow rapid achievement of high antibiotic resistance. (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The use of Phasmarhabditis nematodes and metabolites of Xenorhabdus bacteria in slug control
AbstractMany species of slugs are considered serious pests in agriculture and horticulture around the world. In Europe, slugs of the generaArion andDeroceras are the most harmful pests in agriculture. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the whole-cell metabolites of 10 strains of fiveXenorhabdus and three slug-parasitic nematodes (Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, Phasmarhabditis bohemica, and Phasmarhabditis apuliae) on the feeding behaviour and repellent effect on target slugs and evaluate a new possible means of biocontrol of these pests. The repellent and anti-feedant effects of nematode-k...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Blood flow restriction augments the cross-education effect of isometric handgrip training
ConclusionIncorporating BFR into low-intensity isometric training led to a cross-education effect on strength that was greater than all other groups (including high-intensity training). (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The effects of sustained, low- and high-intensity isometric tasks on performance fatigability and the perceived responses that contributed to task termination
ConclusionsDespite reaching task failure, the subjects were able to perform MVICs that were 100 –300% greater than the target torque values within seconds of terminating the tasks. Thus, we hypothesized that task failure was not caused by an inability to produce sufficient torque to sustain the tasks, but rather an unwillingness to continue the task. (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Prolonged exercise shifts ventilatory parameters at the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition
ConclusionThese data suggest prolonged exercise shifts ventilatory parameters at the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition, but\({\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}\) remains stable. Real-time monitoring of\({\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}\) may be a useful means of assessing proximity to the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition during prolonged exercise and is worthy of further research. (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 1, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Insights into the regulatory role of bacterial sncRNA and its extracellular delivery via OMVs
AbstractSmall noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) play important regulatory roles in bacterial physiological processes and host-pathogen interactions. Meanwhile, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), as naturally secreted outer membrane structures, play a vital role in the interaction between bacteria and their living environment, including the host environment. However, most current studies focus on the biological functions of sncRNAs in bacteria or hosts, while neglecting the roles and regulatory mechanisms of the OMVs that encapsulate these sncRNAs. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the intracellular regulatory roles of...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - December 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The horizontal gene transfer of perchlorate reduction genomic island in three bacteria from an ecological niche
AbstractThree new strains of dissimilatory perchlorate-reducing bacteria (DPRB), QD19-16, QD1-5, and P3-1, were isolated from an active sludge. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA genes indicated that QD19-16, QD1-5, and P3-1 belonged toBrucella,Acidovorax, andCitrobacter, respectively, expanding the distribution of DPRB in theProteobacteria. The three strains were gram-negative and facultative anaerobes with rod-shaped cells without flagella, which were 1.0 –1.6 μm long and 0.5–0.6 μm wide. The three DPRB strains utilized similar broad spectrum of electron donors and acceptors and demonstrated a similar capabilit...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - December 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Phosphate solubilization and plant growth properties are promoted by a lactic acid bacterium in calcareous soil
AbstractOn the basis of good phosphate solubilization ability of a lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strainLimosilactobacillus sp. LF-17, bacterial agent was prepared and applied to calcareous soil to solubilize phosphate and promote the growth of maize seedlings in this study. A pot experiment showed that the plant growth indicators, phosphorus content, and related enzyme activity of the maize rhizospheric soils in the LF treatment (treated with LAB) were the highest compared with those of the JP treatment (treated with phosphate solubilizing bacteria, PSB) and the blank control (CK). The types of organic acids in maize rhizosph...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - December 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Motility of Acinetobacter baumannii: regulatory systems and controlling strategies
AbstractAcinetobacterbaumannii is a Gram-negative opportunistic zoonotic pathogenic bacterium that causes nosocomial infections ranging from minor to life-threatening. The clinical importance of this zoonotic pathogen is rapidly increasing due to the development of multiple resistance mechanisms and the synthesis of numerous virulence factors. Although no flagellum-mediated motility exists, it may move through twitching or surface-associated motility. Twitching motility is a coordinated multicellular movement caused by the extension, attachment, and retraction of type IV pili, which are involved in surface adherence and bi...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - December 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Genes controlling hydrolysate toxin tolerance identified by QTL analysis of the natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae BCC39850
In this study, naturalSaccharomyces strains isolated from habitats in Thailand were screened for their tolerance to synthetic hydrolysate toxins (synHTs). TheSaccharomyces cerevisiae natural strain BCC39850 (toxin-tolerant) was crossed with the laboratory strain CEN.PK2-1C (toxin-sensitive), and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed on the segregants using phenotypic scores of growth (OD600) and glucose consumption.VMS1,DET1,KCS1,MRH1,YOS9,SYO1, andYDR042C were identified from QTLs as candidate genes associated with the tolerance trait. CEN.PK2-1C knockouts of theVMS1,YOS9,KCS1, andMRH1 genes exhibited sign...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - December 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research