European Journal of Applied Physiology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Fermentation of waste water from agar processing with Bacillus subtilis by metabolomic analysis
This study provides a research basis for the devel opment of new natural antifungal agents and rational use of seaweed agar waste.Key points• Bacillus subtilis fermented waste water has antifungal activity• Bacillus subtilis could transform active substances in waste water• Waste water is a potential raw material for producing antifungal agentsGraphical abstract (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Construction of rBCG carrying the IL-2-BZLF1 fusion gene and its immunological function
AbstractIn this research, a recombinant Bacillus Calmette Guerin (rBCG) vector vaccine carrying a humanIL-2 and EBVBZLF1 fusion gene (IL-2-BZLF1-rBCG) was constructed. TheIL-2-BZLF1-rBCG construct was successfully generated and stably expressed the IL-2 and BZLF1 proteins.IL-2-BZLF1-rBCG activated the immune system and promoted the secretion of IFN- γ and TNF-α by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.IL-2-BZLF1-rBCG activated lymphocytes to effectively kill EBV-positive NPC cells in vitro. Additionally,IL-2-BZLF1-rBCG stimulated the proliferation of NK cells and lymphocytes in vivo, activated related immune responses, and effectively t...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Production of cello-oligosaccharides from corncob residue by degradation-synthesis reactions
In this study, two strategies were compared for their ability to transform CCR into cello-oligosaccharides (COS). The first strategy employed the use of endo-glucanases. Although selected endo-glucanases from GH9, GH12, GH45, and GH131 could release COS with degrees of polymerization from 2 to 4, the degrading efficiency was low. For the second strategy, first, CCR was efficiently depolymerized to glucose and cellobiose using the cellulase fromTrichoderma reesei. Then, using these simple sugars and sucrose as the starting materials, phosphorylases from different microorganisms were combined to generate COS to a level up to...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Phage cocktail alleviated type 2 diabetes by reshaping gut microbiota and decreasing proinflammatory cytokines
AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D), a global health concern, is closely associated with the gut microbiota. Restoration of a balanced microbiota and intestinal homeostasis benefit therapy of T2D. Some special phages may selectively alter the gut microbiota without causing dysbiosis, such as MS2 and P22. However, scarcely systematic analysis of cascading effects triggered by MS2 and P22 phages on the microbiota, as well as interactions between specific gut bacteria and systemic metabolism, seriously inhibit the development of positive interventions of phages. Based on multi-omic analysis, we analyzed the intrinsic correlations a...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Resistance mechanism of Escherichia coli strains with different ampicillin resistance levels
This study will improve our view of resistance mechanisms in bacteria with different levels of resistance and provide the basis for our understanding of the molecular mechanism of antibiotic resistance in ampicillin-resistantE. coli strains.Key points•The mutation of the ampC promoter may act synergistically with other mutations and lead to higher resistance.•Similar transcriptomic responses to ampicillin are induced in strains with different levels of resistance.•Low antibiotic concentrations are the steps that allow rapid achievement of high antibiotic resistance. (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Research progress on carotenoid production by Rhodosporidium toruloides
AbstractCarotenoids are natural lipophilic pigments, which have been proven to provide significant health benefits to humans, relying on their capacity to efficiently scavenge singlet oxygen and peroxyl radicals as antioxidants. Strains belonging to the genusRhodosporidium represent a heterogeneous group known for a number of phenotypic traits including accumulation of carotenoids and lipids and tolerance to heavy metals and oxidative stress. As a representative of these yeasts,Rhodosporidium toruloides naturally produces carotenoids with high antioxidant activity and grows on a wide variety of carbon sources. As a result,...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Aspergillus fumigatus escape mechanisms from its harsh survival environments
AbstractAspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous pathogenic mold and causes several diseases, including mycotoxicosis, allergic reactions, and systemic diseases (invasive aspergillosis), with high mortality rates. In its ecological niche, the fungus has evolved and mastered many reply strategies to resist and survive against negative threats, including harsh environmental stress and deficiency of essential nutrients from natural environments, immunity responses and drug treatments in host, and competition from symbiotic microorganisms. Hence, treatingA. fumigatus infection is a growing challenge. In this review, we summarized...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Role of folic acid in regulating gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids based on an in vitro fermentation model
In this study, an in vitro fecal slurry culture model of folic acid deficiency was established to investigate the effects of supplementation with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) and non-reduced folic acid (FA) on the modulation of gut microbiota. 16S rRNA sequencing results revealed that both FA (29.7%) and MTHF (27.9%) supplementation significantly reduced the relative abundance ofBacteroidetes compared with control case (34.3%). MTHF supplementation significantly improved the relative abundance ofFirmicutes by 4.49%. Notably, compared with the control case, FA and MTHF supplementation promoted an increase in fecal levels...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Poly- β-hydroxybutyrate production by Synechocystis MT_a24 in a raceway pond using urban wastewater
This study aimed to investigate PHB production in the cyanobacteriumSynechocystis sp. PCC6714 MT_a24 in an outdoor bioreactor using urban wastewater as a sole nutrient source. The culture was grown in a thin-layer raceway pond with a working volume of 100 L, reaching a biomass density of up to 3.5  g L−1 of cell dry weight (CDW). The maximum PHB content was found under nutrient-limiting conditions in the late stationary phase, reaching 23.7  ± 2.2% PHB per CDW. These data are one of the highest reported for photosynthetic production of PHB by cyanobacteria, moreover using urban wastewater in pilot-scale cultivation...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Co-metabolic degradation and metabolite detection of hexabromocyclododecane by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
In this study, we investigated the biodegradation of HBCD usingShewanella oneidensis MR-1 under optimized conditions. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was implemented for the optimization of the physical degradation parameters of HBCD.S. oneidensis MR-1 showed the best degradation performance at a temperature of 30 °C, pH 7, and agitation speed of 115 rpm, with an HBCD concentration of 1125 μg/L in mineral salt medium (MSM). The strain tolerated up to 2000 μg/L HBCD. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified three intermediates, including 2-bromo dodecane, 2,7,10-trimethyldodecane, and 4-meth yl-1-decene. The...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The effects of CypA on apoptosis: potential target for the treatment of diseases
AbstractCyclophilin A (CypA), the first member of cyclophilins, is distributed extensively in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, primarily localized in the cytoplasm. In addition to acting as an intracellular receptor for cyclosporin A (CSA), CypA plays a crucial role in diseases such as aging and tumorigenesis. Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is able to balance the rate of cell viability and death. In this review, we focus on the effects of CypA on apoptosis and the relationship between specific mechanisms of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis and diseases, including tumorigenesis, cardiovascular diseases, ...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Bacterial community and filamentous population of industrial wastewater treatment plants in Belgium
AbstractThe discharge of industrial water requires the removal of its pollutants, where biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are the most used systems. Biological WWTPs make use of activated sludge (AS), where bacteria are responsible for the removal of pollutants. However, our knowledge of the microbial communities of industrial plants is limited. Understanding the microbial population is essential to provide solutions to industrial problems such as bulking. The aim of this study was to identify at a high taxonomic resolution the bacterial population of 29 industrial WWTPs using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Our...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The use of Phasmarhabditis nematodes and metabolites of Xenorhabdus bacteria in slug control
AbstractMany species of slugs are considered serious pests in agriculture and horticulture around the world. In Europe, slugs of the generaArion andDeroceras are the most harmful pests in agriculture. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the whole-cell metabolites of 10 strains of fiveXenorhabdus and three slug-parasitic nematodes (Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, Phasmarhabditis bohemica, and Phasmarhabditis apuliae) on the feeding behaviour and repellent effect on target slugs and evaluate a new possible means of biocontrol of these pests. The repellent and anti-feedant effects of nematode-k...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Bacteriophage cocktail for biocontrol of soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium species in Chinese cabbage
In this study, we isolated and characterized two virulent phages (phiPccP-2 and phiPccP-3) to develop a phage cocktail. Morphological and genomic analyses revealed that two phages belonged to theTevenvirinae andMccorquodalevirinae subfamilies, respectively. The phiPccP-2 and phiPccP-3 phages, which have a broad host range, were stable at various environmental conditions, such as various pHs and temperatures and exposure to ultraviolet light. The phage cocktail developed using these two lytic phages inhibited the emergence of phage-resistant bacteria compared to single-phage treatments in in vitro challenge assays. The phag...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

A mycofactocin-associated dehydrogenase is essential for ethylene glycol metabolism by Rhodococcus jostii RHA1
In this study, we found that a mycolic acid-containing bacteriumRhodococcus jostii RHA1 can grow with ethylene glycol as a sole source of carbon and energy. Deletion of a putative glycolate dehydrogenase gene (RHA1_ro03227) abolished growth with ethylene glycol, indicating that ethylene glycol is assimilated via glycolate inR. jostii RHA1. Transcriptome sequencing and gene deletion analyses revealed that a gene homologous to mycofactocin (MFT)-associated dehydrogenase (RHA1_ro06057), hereafter referred to as EgaA, is essential for ethylene glycol assimilation. Furthermore,egaA deletion also negatively affected the utilizat...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research