Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Advances in Endoscopic Surgical Approaches for Sinonasal Tumors
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith the advance of instruments and techniques, the endoscopic endonasal approach has improved rapidly during the past three decades, especially in the ventral skull base surgery. The purpose of this article was to review the new advances of endoscopic surgical approaches for the treatment of sinonasal tumors.Recent FindingsThere emerged some novel surgical approaches for sinonasal tumor resection, including the endoscopic Denker ’s, prelacrimal, transantral, transseptal, endoscopic, or robot-assisted techniques and a combination of these diverse corridors. The endoscopic approach could provide a...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - March 7, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

A Review of EXIT: Interventions for Neonatal Airway Rescue
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to examine the evidence and trends of ex utero intrapartum therapy (EXIT) and its various treatment modalities, with a focus on foetal survival outcomes.Recent FindingsA review of the literature (2017 –2022) revealed 126 reported cases. EXIT for the management of congenital diaphragmatic hernias is now infrequently performed due to alternative foetoscopic techniques. Airway management remains the main indication for EXIT. Overall mortality was 24% whilst the EXIT interventions themselves had lo w immediate ‘procedure-specific’ mortality (4%). This suggests that subsequent mor...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - March 4, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Commentary on Patient Advocacy and Research Priorities in Olfactory and Gustatory Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper outlines the challenges faced by people with smell and taste disorders (SATDs) and why patient advocacy is crucial in addressing these. It includes recent findings in identifying research priorities in SATDs.Recent FindingsA recent Priority Setting Partnership (PSP) conducted with the James Lind Alliance (JLA) has been completed and the top 10 research priorities in SATDs determined. Fifth Sense, a UK charity, has been working alongside patient and healthcare professions to drive awareness, education and research in this area.SummaryFollowing the completion of the PSP, Fifth Sense have l...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - February 17, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

A Primer on Hypotussic Cough: Mechanisms and Assessment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis narrative review introduces key elements of cough neural control, function, dysfunction, and measurement for physicians and speech-language pathologists. Its goal is to guide integrated approaches to the assessment of cough and facilitate differential diagnosis of cough dysfunction among people with dysphagia.Recent FindingsResearch has shown that cough and swallow dysfunction have high co-occurrence, especially in neurodegenerative populations. Both sensory and motor components of cough dysfunction can be evaluated using high and low-tech equipment (e.g., handheld peak flow meters). The evalu...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - February 16, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Dysphagia Advances in Head and Neck Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review summarises the current literature regarding head and neck cancer –associated dysphagia. Up-to-date evidence for dysphagia outcome measurement for this population is provided, in addition to recent innovations that aim to prevent, reduce or remediate the common and debilitating side effects of treatment.Recent FindingsBoth patient-reported outcomes and clinical measures are necessary to capture the multi-dimensional nature of swallowing. A minimally important difference in scores has been calculated for some of these measures, to aid interpretation and powering of clinical trials. The ...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - February 15, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Office-Based Evaluation and Management of Dysphagia in Otolaryngology
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to summarize otolaryngology office-based evaluation and management of dysphagia. This review seeks to describe in detail state-of-the-art practice in advanced deglutology practice.Recent FindingsMuch of dysphagia evaluation and management can currently be practiced in the otolaryngology office, from swallowing function assessment with endoscopic and fluoroscopic techniques, to dysphagia interventions such as dilation of the pharyngoesophageal segment under local anesthesia.SummaryAdvanced dysphagia evaluation and management can be performed in the outpatient otolaryngo...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - February 4, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Therapeutic Vaccination for HPV-Mediated Cancers
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this narrative review is to educate clinicians regarding the foundational concepts, efficacy, and future directions of therapeutic vaccines for human papillomavirus (HPV) –mediated cancers.Recent FindingsTherapeutic HPV vaccines deliver tumor antigens to stimulate an immune response to eliminate tumor cells. Vaccine antigen delivery platforms are diverse and include DNA, RNA, peptides, proteins, viral vectors, microbial vectors, and antigen-presenting cells. Randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated that therapeutic HPV vaccines are efficacious in patients with cervical intraepi...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - February 1, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Parosmia and Phantosmia: Managing Quality Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review was to summarize the current knowledge on parosmia and phantosmia and introduce support and treatment algorithms for the two qualitative olfactory disorders.Recent FindingsRecent literature regarding parosmia has revealed that patients with the disorder are mainly triggered by certain substances, including thiols and pyrazines. In 2015, the existing “olfactory training” regimen was improved to more effectively treat post-infectious olfactory loss and was named “modified olfactory training” (MOT). It was also found in 2022 that MOT is also effective against COVID-1...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - January 27, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Recent Updates of Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis in Children
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAllergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a novel treatment approach with disease-modifying and preventative benefits that are not shared with other strategies for treating allergic illnesses. It has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in children. This review provides the most recent information on AIT in children as well as any pertinent updates.Recent FindingsAlthough there is not a standard way to begin AIT, there are clear indications for AIT. Each case needs to be evaluated on its own by weighing the pros and downsides. AIT has been proven to significantly improve symptoms and quality of life in...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - January 27, 2023 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Investigations and Outcomes for Olfactory Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide a detailed overview of the investigations and core outcome measures for olfactory disorders.Recent FindingsOlfactory disorders can have a detrimental impact to the quality of life of patients. There are a wide range of causes of olfactory loss including sinonasal conditions, idiopathic, post-head trauma or infection. This review highlights the key investigations and reasoning for their use to clinically assess and research patients with olfactory disorders. In addition, this review outlines the core outcome measures for olfaction that will help inform future research in olfactory disorde...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - November 29, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Modern Advances in Bone Conduction –Hearing Devices
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review summarizes the options available for bone conduction –hearing devices for patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss and single-sided deafness. We address patient candidacy and review the benefits and disadvantages of currently available technology.Recent FindingsPercutaneous osseointegrated devices provide the most efficient sound conduction and best hearing fidelity at the cost of skin inflammation in some patients. Transcutaneous devices obviate these skin issues at the expense of loss of sound fidelity due to attenuation of sound across the skin and soft tissue. Active transcu...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - November 8, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Cochlear Implant Translocation: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Clinical Implications
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo summarize the literature on scalar translocation of cochlear implant (CI) electrode arrays (EAs), including diagnosis, prevention, and clinical implications of such.Recent FindingsRates of translocation vary by EA design, with lateral wall (straight) EAs having rates ranging from 5 to 22% and pre-curved (perimodiolar) having rates of approximately 7% (external stylet) and 30 –50% (internal stylet). All three FDA-cleared CI manufacturers are working on preoperative planning software with the intent of optimizing final EA location and preventing translocation.SummaryTranslocations typically lead...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - October 29, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Current Theories in Odorant Binding
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe olfactory epithelium is characterized as the main organ for the sense of smell in humans and vertebrates. The neuronal cells called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) play a key role in the olfactory epithelium by expressing the olfactory receptors (ORs) on their apical surface membrane, are specially differentiated.Recent FindingsThe model of odor identification and discrimination working in combination is well established; however, little is known about the action mechanisms of neuronal divergence for odor identification and discrimination. In this article, we present some basic theories on th...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - October 26, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Novel Therapies in Olfactory Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo summarize and critically review the recent literature on novel treatments for olfactory disorders (OD).Recent FindingsEmerging therapies in the management of OD include multiple vitamins and supplements, biologics, neuromodulators, and intranasal agents. There is also an active investigation into treatments that harness the neuroregenerative properties of the olfactory epithelium, such as platelet-rich plasma and stem cell transplantation.SummarySuccessful management of OD is multimodal and tailored to the underlying etiology. As the findings of further investigations accrue, the management of O...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - October 22, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Functional Imaging in Olfactory Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim was to synthesize key findings regarding the use of functional MRI (fMRI) to assess olfactory dysfunction (OD), and thus, to evaluate whether fMRI could be a reliable clinical diagnostic tool.Recent FindingsIn response to olfactory stimulation, patients with quantitative OD display reduced activation in olfactory-related brain regions but also stronger activation in non-olfactory brain areas. Parosmic patients also seem to show both weaker and higher brain signals. As to trigeminal chemosensory system, fMRI suggests that central processing may be declined in patients with OD. Functional con...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - October 19, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research