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Endoscopic Orbital Decompression for Thyroid Eye Disease
This article will cover the latest developments in endoscopic management of thyroid eye disease while reviewing the pathophysiology of the disease, patient selection, proper surgical technique, postoperative outcomes, and complications.Recent FindingsEndoscopic surgeons have modified the technique over the past several years in order to reduce the incidence of certain complications, in particular diplopia. The implementation of “balanced” decompression, along with preservation of orbital struts and/or periorbital slings, has improved postoperative outcomes.SummaryEndoscopic orbital decompression remains a safe and effe...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - April 16, 2019 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

The Spectrum of Non-asthmatic Airway Diseases Contributing to Cough in the Adult
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCough becomes a pathologic reflex when the airways are inflamed and overwhelmed with excessive mucus. The goal of this review is to discuss acute and chronic cough syndromes caused by non-asthmatic airway diseases.Recent FindingsAcute cough syndrome is short-lived and self-limited. Acute bronchitis and diffuse acute infectious bronchiolitis (DAIB) are examples. The former is usually caused by a viral illness; the latter byMycoplasma pneumoniae, influenza, andHaemophilus influenzae. Causes of chronic cough in the adult include chronic bronchitis, non-infectious bronchiolitis, and non-cystic fibrosis...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - April 16, 2019 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Endoscopic Optic Nerve Decompression: Indications, Technique, Results
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFor decades, treatment of compressive optic nerve neuropathy was conservative and involved the intravenous application of high-dose corticoids, which was combined with nerve growth factors in later years. If surgery was considered, transcranial and transfacial access to the orbital apex and the optic nerve were achieved using classical approaches. Over the past decade, endonasal endoscopic procedures have increasingly come into force, based on favorable experiences with functional endoscopic sinus surgery and as a result of innovative developments in endoscopy and image guidance. The purpose of thi...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - April 16, 2019 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Transorbital Endoscopic Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEndoscopic surgery of the orbit and the creation of transorbital portals to access lesions involving the orbit, sinuses and skull base is now being performed in multiple centres across the world since being popularised by Kris Moe in 2010. This review focuses on the current knowledge base with regard to transorbital endoscopic surgery.Recent FindingsNumerous publications show favourable outcomes in the management of orbital, skull base and intracranial lesions using endoscopic transorbital surgery when compared to traditional surgical approaches. Previously inaccessible or difficult-to-access lesio...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - April 2, 2019 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Managing Complications and Revisions in Sinus Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo discuss strategies to avoid, identify and deal with both minor and major complications, as well as indications for revision sinus surgery.Recent FindingsComplication rates from endoscopic sinus surgery are low and have improved with increased surgical experience and new technology. Early extensive surgery in patients with complex sinonasal disease can improve long-term outcomes.SummaryA majority of patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery have a positive outcome. The surgeon must be competent in recognising and dealing with potential complications, as well as approaching complex revision cas...
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - April 2, 2019 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research