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NSAIDs hypersensitivity: questions not resolved: Erratum
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: ERRATUM Source Type: research

Topical tacrolimus for allergic eye diseases
Purpose of review The spectrum of allergic eye diseases includes a variety of conditions, each characterized by complex immunopathologies. Antiallergic drugs, such as antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers, are often insufficient without concomitant topical corticosteroid treatment. The chronic course of the more severe allergic eye diseases, such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), limits the treatment with topical corticosteroids to short courses. In addition, topical corticosteroid treatment puts patients at high risk of developing severe ocular complications, particularly du...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: EYE ALLERGY: Edited by Leonard Bielory and Abraham Solomon Source Type: research

Pathogenesis and complications of chronic eye rubbing in ocular allergy
Purpose of review To review the updated literature regarding eye rubbing complications and its association with ocular allergy disorders. Recent findings Atopy and ocular allergy disorders, mainly vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), are strongly associated with rubbing-related complications, most probably via itching and watery eye sensations that trigger the habit of chronic eye rubbing. Vigorous and prolonged rubbing may lead to establishment of corneal remodeling and ectatic disorders, such as keratoconus. Keratoconus development in rubbed eyes can be caused by mechanical mechanisms of corneal thinning and its loss ...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: EYE ALLERGY: Edited by Leonard Bielory and Abraham Solomon Source Type: research

The roles of omega-3 fatty acids and resolvins in allergic conjunctivitis
Purpose of review Lipids are one of the most important constituents in our body. Advances of lipidomics are elucidating the new roles of various lipid molecules in allergic diseases. For example, some reports showed anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and their metabolites, on allergic diseases. Here, we introduce the role of lipid mediators in allergic conjunctivitis mouse model. Recent findings Lipidomics using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry can profile numerous lipid molecules from small tissue samples such as conjunctival sp...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: EYE ALLERGY: Edited by Leonard Bielory and Abraham Solomon Source Type: research

Neurotrophic factors and nerve growth factor in ocular allergy
Purpose of review During allergic reaction, nervous and immune systems mutually interact through release of mediators, including neurotrophic factors and nerve growth factor (NGF). These mediators modulate allergic reaction through binding their receptors expressed by immune and structural cells and by stimulating neuropeptide release by nerves. The role of neuropeptides and NGF has been demonstrated in allergic asthma and rhinitis, and, to a lesser extent, in allergic conjunctivitis. The aim of this review are to elucidate the evidence of the role of NGF and neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis. ...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: EYE ALLERGY: Edited by Leonard Bielory and Abraham Solomon Source Type: research

Current market trends in anterior ocular inflammatory disease landscape
Purpose of review In the US anterior ocular inflammatory disease (AOID) composed of the spectrum of ocular allergies, different forms of infectious conjunctivitis, and dry eye diseases, affects over 40% of the population. This review evaluates the current economic costs for AOID associated pharmacotherapies. Recent findings In recent years, with improved understanding in pathophysiology of the AOID, providing novel targets for pharmacotherapy, have led to considerable improvements in outcomes for patients. Despite these advances, there continues to be a need for interventions that inhibit key inflammatory mediators or...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: EYE ALLERGY: Edited by Leonard Bielory and Abraham Solomon Source Type: research

Ocular allergy: update on clinical trials
Purpose of review The purpose of this article is to provide an update on the advances made through recent clinical trials regarding the treatment of the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis and its associated conditions. Recent findings Recent studies have demonstrated significant advancement in the various forms of immunotherapy treatments. Nutritional interventions such as probiotics have surfaced as a viable complementary treatment option. Novel delivery methods such as contact lenses have been further studied along with a new tacrolimus formulation to improve ocular levels of the drug. Summary Currentl...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: EYE ALLERGY: Edited by Leonard Bielory and Abraham Solomon Source Type: research

Office-based ocular procedures for the allergist
Purpose of review The aim of this study is to suggest principles for ocular procedures to be performed by allergists in their offices in helping their diagnosis of ocular diseases and suggest better interactions between allergists and ophthalmologists. Recent findings Diagnosis of ocular allergy is based on clinical history and signs and symptoms, with the support of in-vivo and in-vitro tests for the identification of the specific allergen. Unfortunately, ocular manifestations are frequently misdiagnosed and not properly managed. Summary A multidisciplinary allergist–ophthalmologist approach may improve early di...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: EYE ALLERGY: Edited by Leonard Bielory and Abraham Solomon Source Type: research

Role of the ocular surface microbiome in allergic disease
Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to provide an update regarding new and emerging data on the role of the ocular surface microbiome in allergic disease. Recent findings Recent findings support the role of the microbiome in the pathophysiology of allergic disease of the ocular surface. Summary Understanding the role of the ocular surface microbiome in allergic disease may provide a new target for the development of therapeutic interventions. (Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: EYE ALLERGY: Edited by Leonard Bielory and Abraham Solomon Source Type: research

Impact of climate change on insect–human interactions
Purpose of review To update the influence of the global climate change on Hymenoptera venom allergy. Recent findings Climate change facilitates biological invasions of hymenopteran species and plays a role in the impact of introduced species relevant for human health. It contributes to a rise in the incidence of sting injuries and allergy reactions across the world. Summary Global climate change has contributed to the expansion and the redistribution of allergenic insect species, increasing the number of allergy cases caused by stinging insects worldwide. Imported insects are trending species in systemic reactions ...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: ANAPHYLAXIS AND INSECT ALLERGY: Edited by Gianenrico Senna and Mariana Castells Source Type: research

Mastocytosis presenting as insect anaphylaxis: gender differences and natural history
Purpose of review Currently, there is strong evidence about an association between hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis (HVA) and mastocytosis. This review is focused on the most relevant clinical and biological features of systemic mastocytosis associated with HVA. Recent findings HVA is a relatively common complication that modifies the natural course of patients with mastocytosis, particularly men with indolent systemic mastocytosis without skin lesions (ISMs−) in whom HVA can be the presenting symptom in up to around one-half of the cases. Patients with ISMs− associated with HVA are typically males with cardiovascula...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: ANAPHYLAXIS AND INSECT ALLERGY: Edited by Gianenrico Senna and Mariana Castells Source Type: research

Tryptase values in anaphylaxis and insect allergy
In conclusion, baseline tryptase levels support the clinical diagnosis of anaphylaxis and mast cell disorders, determine venom immunotherapy treatment and are relevant in deciding on lifelong treatment. (Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: ANAPHYLAXIS AND INSECT ALLERGY: Edited by Gianenrico Senna and Mariana Castells Source Type: research

Insect sting allergy: new guidelines from the European and USA consensus groups: algorithms and recommendations
Purpose of review Guidelines on insect sting allergy and venom immunotherapy (VIT) have been updated. This review describes the evolution of these guidelines and their similarities and differences. Recent findings The US and European guidelines show the evolution of guideline development in the grading of recommendations and the transparency of the evaluation of evidence. The US and European guidelines on VIT are similar in most areas and complimentary in others. The European guidelines are limited to VIT and are based on a published systematic review; the US practice parameters cover all areas of the diagnosis and ma...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: ANAPHYLAXIS AND INSECT ALLERGY: Edited by Gianenrico Senna and Mariana Castells Source Type: research

Asthma and anaphylaxis
Purpose of review Both asthma and anaphylaxis are recognized noncommunicable hypersensitivity conditions, which should be correctly diagnosed and treated/controlled in order to decrease avoidable deaths. Nevertheless, their association is not completely clear. We here propose to review the current and new evidence-based data of asthma and anaphylaxis in the view of the new knowledge in the field that can support the quality practice and empower allergists and health professionals in treating symptoms and preventing death. Recent findings Hypersensitivity life-threatening conditions, such as anaphylaxis and asthma can ...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: ANAPHYLAXIS AND INSECT ALLERGY: Edited by Gianenrico Senna and Mariana Castells Source Type: research

Biologics and anaphylaxis
Purpose of review The use of biologicals as therapeutic agents in oncology and other inflammatory diseases has dramatically increased during the last years. Due to their biological nature and inherent immunological activity, they are able to induce important adverse events, such as cytokine release reactions (rapid release of proinflammatory cytokines), serum sickness disease, and immediate or delayed hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis. The aim of the current article is to review the state of the art of anaphylaxis because of biological agents. Recent findings Different phenotypes, and potential underly...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: ANAPHYLAXIS AND INSECT ALLERGY: Edited by Gianenrico Senna and Mariana Castells Source Type: research