Loss-of-Control Eating and Obesity Among Children and Adolescents
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review summarizes findings on pediatric loss-of-control (LOC) eating and obesity published since 2013 in relation to physiological, socioenvironmental, and psychological factors.Recent FindingsLOC eating and obesity are highly comorbid in youth. Genetic and physiological risk factors are associated with the development of LOC eating. Adverse physiological outcomes of LOC eating include increased risk for overweight and obesity and greater dysfunction in components of metabolic syndrome. Socioenvironmental, psychological, and behavioral factors, such as weight-based teasing, dieting, negative a...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - January 30, 2019 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Women ’s Use of Social Media: What Is the Evidence About Their Impact on Weight Management and Body Image?
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewThis review aims to summarize recent research on the effects of social media-delivered weight management interventions on weight loss and the impact of social media use on body image concerns in women and adolescent girls.Recent FindingsEvidence supports the feasibility, but not the efficacy, of studies using single-component social media-delivered weight management interventions (i.e., including no other modes of intervention delivery) in women. Studies conducted in adolescent girls and women suggest that the impact of social media on body image outcomes is mostly detrimental, but is dependent...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - January 21, 2019 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Psychosocial Concerns Following Bariatric Surgery: Current Status
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this paper is to review the current status of research on psychosocial concerns following bariatric surgery.Recent FindingsBariatric surgery has a positive overall impact on weight and obesity-related comorbidities, as well as a positive short-term impact on mental health and psychosocial functioning. Nonetheless, research has documented a number of different psychosocial concerns that may emerge following surgery including maladaptive eating, substance use disorders, suicide, lack of social support, and excess skin. Moreover, special populations of patients may have distinctive psyc...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - January 18, 2019 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Bipolar Disorder and Obesity: Contributing Factors, Impact on Clinical Course, and the Role of Bariatric Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewBipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, common, and chronic affective disorder. This review highlights the BD and obesity connection and the role of treatments for obesity in this population.Recent FindingsPatients with BD are at a significantly increased risk for obesity, as compared to those without BD, with obesity serving as a proxy for severity and predictor of poorer outcome. BD is characterized by substantial medical burden, with obesity-related conditions contributing to premature mortality. Pharmacotherapy for BD can cause weight gain and may be moderated by binge eating behavior. Bariatric sur...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - October 27, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Towards an Individualized Nutrition Treatment: Role of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in the Interplay Between Diet and Obesity
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDietary treatments for obesity have relatively low long-term success. Recent studies have identified the gastrointestinal microbiome as a factor of high relevance. The current knowledge on the interplay between diet, obesity, and the gastrointestinal microbiome and the potential for individualized dietary treatment will be discussed.Recent FindingsStudies indicate that each individual digests and metabolizes identical food substances differently depending on their gastrointestinal microbiome composition. Factors related to this crosstalk may improve our understanding of weight homeostasis and treat...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - October 25, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Bangladesh: a Systematic Review of the Literature
This study included 14 studies on the topic which were available in full text and met the inclusion criteria.Recent FindingsThe outcomes from the included study indicated an increasing trend in overweight and obesity among Bangladeshi children, adolescents, and adults over time. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is much higher in girls than in boys among children and adolescents, and also prevalence rates are higher in females than in males in the adults. Prevalence rates of overweight and obesity are also higher in urban peoples compared to rural peoples living in Bangladesh.SummaryGlobally, overweight/obesity is c...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - October 22, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Risk Factors and Implications of Childhood Obesity
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review summarizes our current understanding of factors associated with childhood obesity, including latest prevalence rates, effectiveness of intervention strategies, and risk for concomitant disease later in life.Recent FindingsObesity has reached global dimensions, and prevalence of childhood obesity has increased eightfold since 1975. Interventions for obesity prevention have mainly focused on behavioral settings to date, i.e., interventions that have focused on behavioral changes of the individuum such as increasing daily physical exercise or optimizing diet. However, effects have been ver...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - October 13, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Obesity and Sexual Functioning
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewSexual functioning is an important, yet often overlooked, aspect of quality of life for many individuals with obesity.Recent FindingsWith the growing recognition of obesity as a significant, international public health issue, a developing body of research has investigated the relationship between obesity and sexual functioning. Several studies have found that obesity is associated with impairments in sexual functioning. The mechanisms of this relationship, whether physiological, psychosocial, or a combination of the two, are yet to be fully elucidated. Other studies have suggested that weight l...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - September 15, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Disordered Eating Attitudes and Behaviors in Youth with Overweight and Obesity: Implications for Treatment
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewChildren with obesity experience disordered eating attitudes and behaviors at high rates, which increases their risk for adult obesity and eating disorder development. As such, it is imperative to screen for disordered eating symptoms and identify appropriate treatments.Recent FindingsFamily-based multicomponent behavioral weight loss treatment (FBT) is effective at treating childhood obesity and demonstrates positive outcomes on psychosocial outcomes, including disordered eating. FBT utilizes a socio-ecological treatment approach that focuses on the development of individual and family healthy...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Investing for Health: Potential Mechanisms for the Investment Community to Contribute to Obesity Prevention and Improved Nutrition
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThere is a critical need for corporations to be part of the solutions to major societal issues, such as obesity. Investment decisions can have a substantial impact on both corporate practices and population health. This paper aimed to explore potential mechanisms for incorporating obesity and related nutrition considerations into responsible investment (RI) approaches.Recent FindingsWe found that there are a number of available strategies for the investment community to incorporate obesity considerations into their decisions. However, despite some recent efforts to improve company disclosure in the...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Personality Traits and Weight Loss Surgery Outcome
AbstractPurpose of the reviewTo update the recent findings on the influence of personality features on postoperative weight loss in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.Recent findingsSeveral studies investigated the influence of pre-surgical psychological variables on the outcome of bariatric surgery, but the effective role of personality factors (i.e., both normal personality traits and personality disturbances) in shaping bariatric surgery outcome is still unclear.SummaryWe analyzed nine recent papers that examined the impact of pre-operative personality traits on postoperative weight loss among individuals undergoing ...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Australia ’s Progress in Improving Diets and Preventing Obesity: Clear Opportunities for Action
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAustralia, like other developed countries, has a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, in both adults and children. This review examines progress in food policy in Australia, particularly at a national level, around key policy domains as well as in relation to public education.Recent FindingsAustralia lacks a national nutrition strategy or an obesity prevention strategy, incorporating best practice recommendations to improve diets. Examination of current progress shows patchy implementation of key food policy initiatives and significant gaps, particularly at the federal level.SummaryIn the abs...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
Epidemiology of Obesity in Adults: Latest Trends
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAn increasing trend in obesity prevalence since the early 1980s has posed a significant population health burden across the globe. We conducted a systematic review for studies using measured anthropometry to examine trends in obesity in the USA published from 2012 to 2018 and for systematic reviews to document trends in obesity across the globe published from 2014 to 2018.Recent FindingsFor the USA, the only nationally representative data source capturing trends in obesity in this period was the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which uses repeated cross-sectional data to document n...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - August 28, 2018 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research
