Intellectual Curiosity and Action Initiation are Subtypes of Apathy Affected in Huntington Disease Gene Expansion Carriers
Conclusion:
Apathy is a frequent syndrome that is found in individuals with HD. Apathy has a specific expression, with symptoms such as reduced initiation, voluntary actions, and interests, that might be related to the underlying neuropathology. Apathy is related to disease progression, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairments. (Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology)
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - December 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
Impact of Donepezil and Memantine on Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Alzheimer Disease: Six-month Open-label Study
Background:
Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common in individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD). Donepezil and memantine are both widely used for the treatment of moderate AD.
Objective:
To evaluate the effects of donepezil and memantine in relieving BPSD in individuals with moderate AD.
Method:
We conducted a prospective, randomized, 6-month clinical trial involving 85 individuals with moderate AD divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 42) was treated with donepezil; group 2 (n = 43) was treated with memantine. We used the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) to assess the prevalenc...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - December 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
Honorific Speech Impairment: A Characteristic Sign of Frontotemporal Dementia
Conclusion:
A decline in the ability to use honorific speech may be a diagnosable behavioral and psychiatric symptom for bvFTD in Korean-speaking individuals. This decline in individuals with bvFTD could be attributed to multiple factors, including social manners (politeness) and impaired social language use ability (pragmatics). (Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology)
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - December 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Correlates of Resilience Following Adolescent Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion:
The current findings are some of the first to indicate neurobiological evidence of previously noted buffering effects of resilience-promoting factors in individuals with TBI. (Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology)
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - December 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
Effects of Cognitive Reserve on Cognition in Individuals With Central Nervous System Disease
Cognitive reserve (CR) has been proposed to account for functional outcome differences in brain pathology and its clinical manifestations. The purpose of our paper is to systematically review the effects of CR on cognitive outcomes in individuals with neurodegenerative and structural CNS diseases. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and PsychInfo using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Seventeen studies met the predetermined inclusion criteria and were selected for review. Education level was...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - December 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Review Source Type: research
Clinical Characterization of Atypical Primary Progressive Aphasia in a 3-Year Longitudinal Study: A Case Report
The logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA) is the most recent variant of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) to be identified; thus far, it has been poorly investigated. Despite being typically associated with Alzheimer disease (AD), lvPPA has recently been linked to frontotemporal lobe degeneration (FTLD), with distinctive cognitive and neural features that are worthy of further investigation. Here, we describe the neuropsychological and linguistic profile, as well as cerebral abnormalities, of an individual exhibiting PPA and carrying a pathogenetic variant in the GRN gene, from a 3-year longitudinal pers...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Disconnected Motor Intention and Spatial Attention in a Case of Probable Marchiafava-Bignami Disease
Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare complication of chronic alcoholism that typically causes demyelination and necrosis of the corpus callosum. Here, we report a man with probable MBD with callosal and right medial paracentral lesions who presented with abnormal reaching behavior and ideomotor apraxia of the left hand. He exhibited difficulty in reaching with the left hand when a target object was placed on his right-hand side, and he exhibited rightward bias when using his right hand in a line bisection task. These disturbances in reaching suggest disruption of the top–down control of motor intention and spatial...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Variably Protease-sensitive Prionopathy in a Middle-aged Man With Rapidly Progressive Dementia
We report the clinical, imaging, and neuropathological features of VPSPr in a 46-year-old right-handed man who presented with progressive cognitive decline, behavior disturbances, and a 50-pound weight loss over 6 months. The initial evaluation revealed severe cognitive impairment with no focal neurologic deficits. His cognitive, psychiatric, and behavior symptoms progressed rapidly, and he died 12 months after the initial visit. Throughout his disease course, workup for rapid progressive dementia was unremarkable except that brain MRI diffusion-weighted imaging showed persistent diffuse cortical and thalamic signal abnorm...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Neuropsychological Profile of an Adolescent Female With Ectodermal Dysplasia With Hypohidrosis
We describe the neuropsychological profile of a female adolescent with ectodermal dysplasia with hypohidrosis. Using a battery of standardized tests, we assessed the adolescent’s intellectual functioning, language processing, visuospatial and visuomotor functioning, perceptual reasoning, sensory–motor functioning, memory, executive functioning, academic functioning, emotional and behavioral functioning, and adaptive functioning. Results from the testing indicated that the adolescent possessed relative verbal strengths, with scores generally falling in the low average to average range. However, she exhibited severe defi...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Brain F-18 FDG and F-18 FP-CIT PET/CT Findings of c.856_860delCTCTA Mutation McLeod Syndrome
We report the case of a 67-year-old man who presented to Kyungpook National University Hospital in the Republic of Korea with progressive worsening of generalized chorea and dystonia. He had no recognized family history of neurologic illness. A peripheral blood smear showed increased acanthocytes. His serum creatine kinase levels were 894 U/L. A brain MRI showed atrophy of the bilateral striatal nuclei. An F-18 F-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane PET/CT showed moderately decreased dopamine transporter uptake in the putamen and severely decreased uptake in the caudate nucleus. An F-18 flude...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Disparities in Alzheimer Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders
Conclusion:
Compared with other racial groups, NHPI have a higher proportion of AD than MCI at diagnosis, are diagnosed at a younger age, have a higher female prevalence, have more comorbidities that may contribute to AD/MCI onset, and present with lower MMSE scores. (Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology)
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
The Impact of Primary Progressive Aphasia on Picture Naming and General Language Ability
Conclusion:
Print exposure and cortical volume atrophy may help explain variability in the language performance of nfvPPA individuals with similar age, education, disease duration, and cognitive ability. (Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology)
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
The Effect of Donepezil on Problem-solving Ability in Individuals With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study
Conclusion:
The visuospatial problem-solving task appeared to be more sensitive than memory measures to the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors in individuals with aMCI, perhaps due to the high attentional demand of the task. (Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology)
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
Preliminary Validation of the Learning Ratio for the HVLT–R and BVMT–R in Older Adults
Conclusion:
The LR is sensitive to AD pathology along the AD continuum. This result supports previous claims that the LR score can reflect learning capacity better than traditional learning calculations can by considering the amount of information that is learned at trial 1. (Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology)
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
Prevalence of Sleep Disorders and Related Factors in Individuals Undergoing Hemodialysis
Conclusion:
Sleep disorders are common in individuals undergoing hemodialysis and are related to gender, comorbid diseases, poor economic state, altered biochemical values, dialysis timing, and concerns about the disease and its treatment. Improving these individuals’ quality of life through adequate psychological and financial support and early diagnosis of sleep disorders should decrease their mortality and morbidity rates. (Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology)
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - September 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
