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Role of PI3K, ERK1/2, and JAK2 Kinases in the Cardioprotective Effect of Deltorphin II during Cardiac Reperfusion
The signaling mechanism of the cardioprotective effect of deltorphin II was studied in models of coronary occlusion (45 min) and reperfusion (120 min) in male Wistar rats. We used the selective δ2-opioid receptor agonist deltorphin II (0.12 mg/kg), which was administered intravenously 5 min before reperfusion, the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin (0.025 mg/kg), the ERK1/2 blocker PD-098059 (0.5 mg/kg), the inhibitor JAK2 AG490 (3 mg/kg). All kinase blockers were administered 10 min before reperfusion. The infarct-limiting effect of deltorphin II is associated with the activation of PI3K and ERK1/2 and does not depend on JAK2. (S...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Parameters of Heart Rate Variability in Male Wistar Rats under Conditions of Different Motor Activity
We studied heart rate variability indexes in freely moving male Wistar rats at rest and under conditions of increased motor activity (treadmill exercise). Some regularities were revealed in the dynamics of HR, RRNN, Mo, indicator of the adequacy of regulation processes, VLF (msec2, %), HF, LF (%), LF/HF, and IC that characterize changes in the neurohumoral regulation and shifts in the level of cardiac rhythm control at the different stages of the experiment. It was found that changes in motor activity of male Wistar rats were accompanied by the transition of the functional state of the organism to a new level of regulation...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Application of Behavioral Tests for Evaluation of an Experimental Model of Alzheimer ’s Disease in Female Rats
Alzheimer ’s disease was modeled in female Wistar rats aged 4 months by stereotaxic bilateral injection of a synthetic peptide β-amyloid (Aβ1-42) into the hippocampus. Behavioral tests (open field, Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze) revealed significant impairment of memory and spatial navi gation 8 weeks after β-amyloid administration. At this term, the cognitive impairments typical of Alzheimer’s disease are reproduced. The experimental model of Alzheimer’s disease proposed by us can be used in preclinical studies of drugs for the treatment of this pathology. (Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Possible Kidney Complications after Application of Cell Technologies for the Repair of the Resected Liver
The state of rat kidneys after injection of bone marrow multipotent stromal cells (MSC) labeled with Vybrant CM-Dil into intact or resected liver was studied by fluorescence microscopy. The main structural changes in the kidneys after MSC injection into intact and partially resected liver manifested as granular dystrophy and necrobiotic/necrotic changes in single epithelial cells of the distal tubules and collecting ducts, thrombosis of some vessels, progression of an ascending urinary tract infection (detection of dust-like fluorescent objects), which can be due to the immunomodulating or even immunosuppressive influence ...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Long-Term Continuous Computer Registration and Analysis of Motor Activity of a Group of Zebrafish Danio rerio
A new algorithm for long-term continuous computer recording and analysis of motor activity of a group of zebrafish in the home tank has been developed. The movements of a group ofDanio rerio during the entire light period and for several days are recorded at a frequency of 1 frame/sec in the form of short (15 min) files. Then these files are analyzed by the unique DanioStudo software, which, using a threshold algorithm and appropriate masks, calculates for each frame the sum of pixels associated with fish (the sum of fish silhouettes), and for two consecutive frames, the sum of altered pixels (the sum of altered fish silho...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Study of the Morphogenesis of Granulomas in the Liver of Mice in Different Age Periods Treated with Oxidized Dextran
We studied granuloma formation and its outcomes in BCG-induced granulomatosis in the liver of mice of different age periods treated with oxidized dextran. Newborn C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with BCG vaccine on the first day of life (group 1) or BCG vaccine solution on first day of life and oxidized dextran on the second day of life (group 2). Analysis was carried out on 3, 5, 10, 28, and 56 days of life. After injection of BCG vaccine, granulomas in the liver appeared starting from the day 28. In mice treated with oxidized dextran, granulomas on day 28 were smaller and less numerous than in group 1 animal...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

KDM5 Family Demethylase Inhibitor KDOAM-25 Reduces Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Pseudotyped Viral Particles into Cells
We studied the effect of KDM5 family demethylase inhibitors (JIB-04, PBIT, and KDOAM-25) on the penetration of SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped viruses into differentiated Caco-2 cells and HEK293T cells withACE2 hyperexpression. The above drugs were not cytotoxic. Only KDOAM-25 significantly reduced virus entry into the cells. The expression ofACE2 mRNA in Caco-2 significantly increased, whileTMPRSS2 expression did not significantly change under these conditions. In differentiated Caco-2 cells, KDOAM-25 did not affect the expression ofBRCA1,CDH1,TP53,SNAI1,VIM, andUGCG genes, for which an association with knockdown or overexpression...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Therapeutic Efficacy and Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Intracerebral Transplantation in Rats with Experimental Ischemic Stroke
We studied therapeutic efficacy and migration characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the human placenta after their intracerebral (stereotactic) administration to rats with the experimental ischemic stroke. It was shown that cell therapy significantly improved animal survival rate and reduced the severity of neurological deficit. New data on the migration pathways of transplanted cells in the brain were obtained. (Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Morphological Features of the Ascending Aorta Remodeling and Activation of Regeneratory Potential in Intima when Forming Aneurysm
In patients with an ascending aorta aneurysm, restructuring of all its layers and, first of all, the intima and media was revealed. The thickness of the intima was 79.3 ±63.1 μm in patients with aortic diameter<55 mm (group Ao<55) and 162.7 ±177.4 μm (p<0.05) in patients with aortic diameter ⩾55 mm (Ao⩾55 group), the thickness of the aortic media was 1184.0±198.2 and 1144.3±288.4 μm, respectively. In patients of the Ao<55 group, aortic dilatation was accompanied by compensatory thickening of the inner and middle layers of the aorta. In the Ao ⩾55 group, thinning of the aortic media, fragmentation o...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Differences in Transcriptomic Profiles of Brain and Thyroid Tumors with NTRK Gene Rearrangement
For tumors with chimericNTRK genes, entrectinib and larotrectinib can be prescribed regardless of tumor localization. We compared changes in the transcriptional activity of genes in brain tumors (BT) and thyroid cancer (TC) with rearrangement (NTRK+) and without rearrangement (NTRK-) of theNTRK genes using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We revealed an increase in the transcription of theJUN gene inNTRK+ samples in comparison withNTRK- samples: by 1.6 times for BT (p=0.239) and by 2.5 times for TC (p=0.003). The transcription of eightHOX genes inNTRK+ BT samples was also increase...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Cytokine Profile and Concentrations of Metabolic Hormones in the Blood of Overweight Men with Coronary Arteriosclerosis
Plasma concentrations of cytokines and metabolic hormones and their association with vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques were studied in 36 overweight men (age 40-77 years; BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) with coronary atherosclerosis who underwent coronary endarterectomy. According to histological analysis, the patients were divided into two groups: with stable (17 (47.2%) men) and vulnerable (19 (52.8%) men) plaques in the coronary arteries. The plasma levels of cytokines and metabolic hormones were measured by multiplex analysis: C-peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1, glucagon, IL-6,...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The RNA-Binding Proteins OAS1, ZFP36L2, and DHX58 Are Involved in the Regulation of CD44 mRNA Splicing in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Regulation of alternative splicing is carried out by RNA-binding proteins. Each alternative splicing event is controlled by several RNA-binding proteins, which in combination create the distribution of alternative splicing products in a given cell type. Transmembrane protein CD44 plays an important role at various stages of the metastatic cascade and is considered as a promising molecule for the therapy of tumor diseases and the construction of prognostic classifiers. However, the functions of specific isoforms of this protein may differ significantly. In this work, we performed a bioinformatic search of RNA-binding protei...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Modified Estrogen-Progesterone Induction Method of Mammary Gland Hyperplasia in Rats
In female Wistar rats, mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) was modeled according to a modified protocol involving estrogen-progesterone induction and taking into account the duration of the estrous cycle of this animal species. MGH was induced over four 7-day cycles; each cycle included subcutaneous administration of 17 β-estradiol (0.5 mg/kg) for 4 days, injection of progesterone (5 mg/kg) on day 5, then 2 days without injections. In females with MGH, a significant increase in the height and diameter of the nipples of the mammary glands was recorded, two types of changes were observed in the gland tissue: tubuloa lveolar and...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

HIF-1 α- and HIF-2α-Immunopositive Neurons and Capillaries in the Prefrontal Cerebral Cortex of Rats with Experimental Myocardial Infarction
The quantitative content of HIF-1 α- and HIF-2α-immunopositive brain neurons in Wistar rats was studied 1, 15, and 30 days after modeling of myocardial infarction. In rats of the control group, the immunohistochemical markers HIF-1α and HIF-2α in the prefrontal cortex of the brain were determined in few pale-colored neurons and capillaries. One day after myocardial infarction simulation, the number of HIF-1α+ neurons increased, and on day 15 it reached the maximum level: the concentration of immunopositive neurons and capillaries increased by 24.7 and 18.4%, respectively, in comparison with the control. After 30 days,...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Effect of IGFBP6 Knockdown on Proteins Regulating Exosome Synthesis and Secretion in MDA-MB-231 Cell Line
One of the potential causes of cancer recurrence is disruption of the cell —cell communication in the primary tumors that is realized, among other things, through secretion and uptake of exosomes by cells. Low expression of theIGFBP6 gene (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6) is associated with a high recurrence rate and can serve as a prognostic marker of luminal breast cancer. The knockdown of theIGFBP6 gene leads to significant changes in lipid metabolism. We performed a quantitative analysis of both exosomes and proteins involved in the mechanism of their biogenesis. Changes in the expression profile of mRNA...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research