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Development of a Method for Isolation of Mature Cardiomyocytes from Human Heart Biopsy Specimens
To increase the yield of living cells and their survival, studies were carried out to optimize the method for isolating cardiomyocytes from biopsy specimens excised from the right atrial appendages. It was found that creatine, blebbistatin, and taurine are necessary components of the buffer solution during cardiomyocyte isolation, and that composition of the solutions is a more important factor than their oxygenation. (Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Effects of Non-Opiate Analogue of Leu-Enkephalin on the Ion Currents, Number of Nucleoli, and p53 Expression in Isolated Cardiomyocytes of Albino Rats
Acute exposure of isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes to non-opiate analogue of leu-enkephalin (NALE peptide: Phe-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg) in a concentration of 100 μg/liter and 6-h incubation in NALE solution did not significantly change ATP-dependent K+ current, L-type Ca2+ current, p53 protein expression, and number of nucleoli in the cardiomyocyte nuclei. Incubation of cardiomyocytes with NALE (100 μg/liter) in combination with NOP receptor blocker J-113397 (1 mg/liter) was followed by an increase in Ca2+ L-type current and the number of p53+ cells. The exposure of cardiomyocytes to NALE in a concentration 1000 μg/lit...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Formation of Non-Specific Immunological Memory Phenotype in Human Monocyte-Like THP-1 and U-937 Cell Lines
We studied the formation of the phenotype of non-specific immunological memory (trained immunity) in human monocyte-like THP-1 and U-937 cell lines. The absence of the lag phase after primary contact with the pathogen (Mycobacterium bovis, BCG vaccine) does not contribute to the formation of the trained immunity phenotype in the cells. The presence of the lag phase promotes the development of the trained immunity phenotype, especially in THP-1 cells. The second stimulation (bacterial LPS) did not increase the production of lactate, nitric oxide, and glucose consumption by cells, which can be a consequence of the Warburg ph...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Effect of Polyene Antibiotic Amphotericin B on Erythrocyte Cytoarchitectonics and Osmotic Resistance
We studied the effect of amphotericin B (2.5 ×10–5 and 5.4 ×10–5 M) on osmotic resistance and surface cytoarchitectonics of donor blood erythrocytes. Antibiotic at a concentration of 2.5 ×10–5 M induced most pronounced changes in the studied parameters, which can be related to the specifics of the spatial organization of the cholesterol –amphotericin B complexes at different stoichiometric ratios of the components and their ability to pore formation in the membranes. Cholesterol binding to the polyene antibiotic and the appearance of perforations in the plasma membrane lead to accumulation of reversibly and irre...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Changes in the Number of Residual γH2AX Foci in Ki-67-Positive and Ki-67-Negative Human Fibroblasts Irradiated with X-Rays in Doses of 2-10 Gy
We studied changes in the number of residual γH2AX foci in cultured human fibroblasts with different expression of the cell proliferation marker protein Ki-67 24, 48, and 72 h after exposure to X-ray radiation in doses of 2-10 Gy. It was shown that, regardless of the expression of Ki-67, the number of residual γH2AX foci in irradiated cells linearly depends on the absorbed dose of X-ray radiation. However, the quantitative yield of residual γH2AX foci per unit of the absorbed dose in Ki-67+ cells 24 and 48 h after irradiation was higher than in Ki-67— cells by 1.8 and 2.0 times, respectively. In Ki-67— cells, the qu...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Effective Connectivity of the Bilateral Amygdala, Dorsomedial Prefrontal, and Subgenual Anterior Cingulate Cortices: Feasibility of Positive Social Emotion Regulation Models for Real-Time Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Effective connectivity based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows assessing directions of interaction between brain regions. For real-time fMRI, we compared models of positive social emotion regulation based on a network involving the bilateral amygdala, dorsomedial prefrontal, and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex. The top-down regulation model implied modulation of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex exerted onto other regions, while the bottom-up model implied the inverse modulation. The validity of model calculations was tested using the data from three healthy volunteers who imagined positive interac...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Modeling of Alzheimer ’s Disease to Study the Efficacy of Cell Therapy (Review)
We analyzed the main approaches to the modeling of Alzheimer ’s disease for studying the effectiveness of cell therapy. Recent advances in regenerative medicine in the field of neuroscience create prospects for the use of various cell preparations for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Experimental data on the use of neural stem/progenitor cells, mesen chymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells in various models of Alzheimer’s disease are presented. Of particular importance is the standardization of protocols. The use of a standardized protocol in modeling of Alzheimer’s disease ...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Changes in Microcirculation in the Brain, Heart, and Liver in Female Rats with Translational Model of Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy
We studied some features of blood and lymph microcirculation in the brain, heart, and liver of female rats with developed alcoholic cardiomyopathy. In female rats after 24-week forced consumption of 10% ethanol solution, the size and inotropic function of the heart were measured by echocardiography. Microcirculation in the brain, myocardium, and liver was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry using LAKK-OP2 and LAZMA-D computerized laser analyzers. Using spectral wavelet analysis, we determined the absolute and normalized to total perfusion amplitudes of microcirculation oscillations reflecting various regulatory mechanisms....
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Individual Features of the Hypothalamic —Pituitary—Thyroid Axis Functioning during Aging in Non-Human Primates
Individual features of age-related changes in the function of the neuroendocrine systems are an important problem as the basic component of a personalized approach to predicting and treating age-related pathologies. We studied the age-related features of the function of the hypothalamic —pituitary—thyroid axis in laboratory primates with depression- and anxiety-like behavior (DAB). It was found that in young female rhesus monkeys with DAB, the basal and thyrotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone were significantly lower than in young animals with standard behavior (control). During a...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Effect of Paclitaxel on the Hemostatic Potential of the Blood in the Experiment
The duration and severity of prothrombotic effects of the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel (40 mg/kg) were evaluated in intact outbred mice. Hemostasis was assessed before and on days 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, and 30 after a single injection of paclitaxel using standard coagulation tests (activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, fibrinogen concentration, and antithrombin III) and a “global” method, low-frequency piezothromboelastography. A pronounced prothrombotic effect of paclitaxel was revealed starting from the first day postinjection that consisted in intensification of fibrinogenesis up to the 7...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Role of NMDA Receptor Subunits in the Effect of Memantine on the Brain of Healthy Animals
The non-competitive NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist memantine has neuroprotective properties and is the first non-cholinergic drug approved for the treatment of Alzheimer ’s disease. The purpose of this work was to test the hypothesis that injections of memantine to healthy animals can affect the subunit composition of NMDA receptors in the brain, which may explain the effects of its chronic administration. For this, the expression of subunits GluN1, GluN2A, GluN2B , and GluN2C was studied in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rats after single or five subchronic injections of memantine. The results showed that ...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Automated Assessment of the Area of Infiltration by CD8+ Cells in Gastric Carcinoma and Areas of Normal Mucosa as a Significant Prognostic Factor
In 139 patients with verified gastric cancer, the infiltration of the postoperative material with CD8+ cells was analyzed. Automated morphometric analysis of immunostained slides was performed separately in different specimen sites (tumor center, invasive edge, and peritumoral mucosa). The mean area of infiltrating CD8+ cells in the tumor center and in the invasive edge was not predictive, while in the peritumoral mucosa it provided a new negative predictive factor (hazard ratio 2.10; confidence interval 0.87-4.92, Cox regression) reliably associated with the TNM stage (hazard ratio 1.91; confidence interval 0.91-4.61, Cox...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Association of Serotonin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Regulatory and Adaptive Capacities of Medical Students
Molecular genetic analysis of polymorphic variants of serotonin receptor genes (HTR2C andHTR2A) was performed in 89 healthy medical students and regulatory and adaptive capacities were determined by cardiorespiratory synchronism. The relationship of serotonin receptor gene polymorphisms and the regulatory and adaptive capabilities of the body were revealed. The highly active *G allele and *G/*G genotype of the serotonin receptorHTR2C gene and the heterozygous *A/*G genotype of the serotonin receptorHTR2A gene are associated with “good” regulatory and adaptive capacities. The low-active *C allele of the serotonin recept...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Effect of Stress on the Production of Antibodies and IL-2, IL-4, and IFN γ Depending on the Time of Antigen Administration and Evaluation of the Role of Opioid Receptors
The time of stress exposure relative to the moment of immunization affects the direction of the immunoregulatory effect of stress. In case of stress exposure preceding immunization, rotation stress stimulated the production of antibodies, while immobilization depressed it. After antigen injection, these types of stress had no significant effect on the formation of antibody-producing cells. Acute cold stress did not affect the number of antibody-forming cells before immunization, but stimulated the humoral response after it. At the same time, the effect of stress on the production of antibodies was leveled by blockade of op...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - August 11, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Blood Cytokines of the Ovarian Vein Basin in Different Stages of Pelvic Varicose Veins
We analyzed the blood concentration of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the ovarian vein basin area in women of the reproductive age with primary pelvic varices. Increase in the disease severity was accompanied by a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines (TNF α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8) and the proinflammatory index (IL-6/IL-10), whereas anti-inflammatory cytokine production changed ambiguously (increase of IL-4 at stage I, decrease of IL-10 at stage II, significant decrease of IL-4 and IL-10 at stage III). Control of these changes in female patien ts should probably be an important component of tre...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - August 11, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research