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Effect of Activated Immunocompetent Cells on the Content of Multipotent Stromal Cells in Splenic Transplants of CBA and CBA/N Mice Administered with Polyvinylpyrrolidone
One day after intraperitoneal injection of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to recipient CBA and CBA/N mice, the count of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) in the 4-month-old splenic transplants was minimum in CBA/N →CBA/N group in comparison with the transplants of intact recipients (0.6 from the control level), but increased by 2.3, 3.2, and 3.7 times in CBA/N→CBA, CBA→CBA, and CBA→CBA/N groups, respectively. In the blood serum of recipient CBA/N mice with 4-month splenic transplants of CBA donors, th e levels of some cytokines (IL-5, TNFα, and IL-2) was significantly increased 1 and 24 h after PVP injection in contrast...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Combined Drug with Antibacterial Effect Supports the Normal Intestinal Microflora
Widespread use of antibiotics leads to an imbalance of normal intestinal microflora and to the development of multidrug resistance. The problem can be solved by administration of the antibiotics in combination with the drugs that have an immunotropic effect. We studied the effect of the drug containing technologically processed affinity purified antibodies to IFN γ, CD4 receptor, β2-microglobulin of MHC class I, and β2-domain of MHC II combined with antibiotics on the composition of intestinal microflora of pigs and the total number of microbiome resistance genes. Using the methods of NGS sequencing and quantitative PCR...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Transtraumatic Epidural Electrostimulation of the Spinal Cord in a Pig Model
The effect of transtraumatic epidural electrostimulation (TEES) above (T5) and below (L2) spinal cord injury in the lower thoracic region (T8-T9) in combination with treadmill exercise in pigs was evaluated using electrophysiological examination methods and behavioral tests. Two weeks after spinal cord injury, motor evoked potentials ofm. soleus were recorded during electrostimulation at the level of T5 and L2 segments, which indicated activation of spinal cord structures above and below the focus of injury. After 6 weeks of TEES in combination with physical training, restoration of the characteristics of M-response and H-...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics of Succinate in Rats after Intravenous Administration of Mexidol
The pharmacokinetics of succinate was studied in Wistar rats after a single intravenous administration of Mexidol in a dose 100 mg/kg body weight. The concentration of succinate in blood plasma, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial fractions of cells of the cerebral cortex, left-ventricular myocardium, and liver was measured by HPLC-MS/MS. After single intravenous administration of Mexidol, succinate was evenly distributed in organs and tissues and quickly eliminated from the body. The pharmacokinetics of succinate was described by a two-chamber model. An increase in the level of succinate in the cytoplasmic fraction of the liver...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Role of P2Y6 Receptors in the Mechanisms of the Neuroprotective Effect of Citicoline
Spontaneous bioelectrical activity of the brain and the duration of gasping were recorded in mice during modeling of global strangulation ischemia of the brain against the background of preventive administration of citicoline. The maximum neuroprotective effect of citicoline was observed when it was administered 60 min before the simulation of ischemia and was completely prevented by preliminary administration of a selective P2Y6 receptor antagonist MRS2578. The obtained experimental data attest to the leading role of receptor mechanisms in the implementation of neuroprotective activity of citicoline. (Source: Bulletin of ...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Pyridine Derivative of Succinic Acid Hydroxylamide Enhances the Cytotoxic Effect of Cisplatin and Actinomycin D
We studied the possibility of inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDAC) in the nuclear extract of HeLa cells by N1-hydroxy-N4-(pyridin-4-yl)succinamide (compound 1). Compound 1 inhibits HDAC and showed low toxicity for A-172, HepG2, HeLa, MCF-7, and Vero cells. HeLa cells were most sensitive to the compound. Increasing the interval between administration of compound 1 and the chemotherapeutic agent to 8 h led to an increase in the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin (actinomycin D) on HeLa cells. The combination of compound 1 with cisplatin (actinomycin D) reduced the cytotoxic effect of these drugs for non-tumor Vero cells. (So...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Development of a Cell Line Containing the Chimeric ETV6-NTRK3 Gene. The Search for Mutations of the Tyrosine Kinase Chimeric Domain That Cause Resistance to Larotrectinib
The development, registration, and further use of entrectinib and larotrectinib for the treatment of tumors resulting from oncogenic stimulation of chimeric neurotrophin receptors (TRK) attracted much interest to the mechanisms of tumor cells resistance to TRK inhibitors during treatment. In the presented study, a cell line carrying the chimeric geneETV6-NTRK3 (HFF-EN) was created on the basis of human fibroblasts. The transcription level of the chimericETV6-NTRK3 gene in HFF-EN was comparable to the transcription level of the householdACTB gene, the expression of the ETV6-NTRKA protein was confirmed by immunoblotting. A c...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Participation of cAMP-Mediated Signaling Transduction in the Regulation of the Secretory Function of Neuroglia during Ethanol-Induced Neurodegeneration
We studied the involvement of cAMP and PKA in the regulation of the secretion of neurotrophic growth factors by macro-and microglial cells in the model of ethanol-induced neurodegenerationin vitro andin vivo. The stimulating role of cAMP in the secretion of neurotrophins by intact astrocytes and oligodendrocytes was shown, while PKA does not participate in this process. On the contrary, the inhibitory role of cAMP (implemented via PKA activation) in the production of neurogenesis stimulators by microglial cells under conditions of optimal vital activity was found. Under the influence of ethanol, the role of cAMP and PKA in...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Humanized Mouse Model of HIV Infection
The development of new drugs for the treatment of HIV infection requires testing of their efficacy in a relevant animal model, such as humanized mice, which, unfortunately, are not yet available in Russia. In the present study, we have developed conditions for the humanization of immunodeficient NSG mice with human hematopoietic stem cells. Humanized animals generated during the study showed a high degree of chimerism and harbored repopulation of the entire range of human lymphocytes required for HIV replication in the blood and organs. Inoculation of these mice with HIV-1 virus led to stable viremia, which was confirmed b...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Binding of Iron (II) Ions by Aqueous Extractions from Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis)
We studied the ability of an aqueous extract from yerba mate and a dry extract obtained on the basis of this aqueous extract to remove Fe(II) ions from an aqueous medium. Aqueous extracts from mate dose-dependently reduced the concentration of free Fe(II) ions assayed by the reaction with 1,10-phenanthroline. This can be attributed to polyphenolic compounds with iron-chelating properties present in aqueous extracts from mate, namely quercetin, rutin, caffeic and chlorogenic acids. These substances effectively removed Fe(II) ions from the medium (the initial concentration of these ions was 15 μM) in the concentration range...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

fMRI Brain Response in Patients with Depression at the Time of Control of the Severity of Positive Social Emotions and Analysis of Behavioral Factors
The study presents functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on the brain activity in depression and psycho-diagnostic indicators that characterize cognitive activity strategies of positive social emotion regulation. It was shown that fMRI activity of the brain during viewing of emotionally neutral and moderately positive images and searching for an optimal self-regulation strategy was associated with changes in activation in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Analysis of behavioral factors showed that strategies of searching for the optimal way of emotional self-regulation were closely related to the general style...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

B-Cell-Activating Factor Contributes to Elevation of the Content of Regulatory B Cells in Neonatal Sepsis
We studied the role of B cell-activating factor (BAFF) in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in promoting proliferation and maintaining survival of regulatory B lymphocytes (Breg) in newborns with sepsis. The peripheral blood samples were collected from preterm neonates (n=40) diagnosed with sepsis on the day of diagnosis and on days 7, 14, and 21 after diagnosis, as well as from the matched preterm neonates without sepsis (n=40; control group). The peripheral blood mononuclear cells and B cells were isolated, cultured, and stimulated with LPS and immunostimulant CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN). Proliferation and different...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Specifics of Experimental Modeling 8-OH-DPAT-Induced Perseverative Behavior in Mice
The effect of 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT (intraperitoneal injection in doses of 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg) on spontaneous alternation behavior of mice in Y-maze was studied without and with habituation procedure and food reward. In the first case, 8-OH-DPAT administration led to a decrease in spontaneous alternation and locomotor activity in mice. At the same time, 8-OH-DPAT treatment after habituation and food deprivation increased repeated choices of goal arms without affecting locomotor activity, which was consistent with perseverative behavior. 8-OH-DPAT-induced decrease in spontaneous alternation behavior in Y-maze in ...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Interaction of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles with Human Mononuclear Cells in the Cell-IQ System
The interaction of graphene oxide nanoparticles with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells was studied using the Cell-IQ continuous monitoring system for living cells. We used graphene oxide nanoparticles of various sizes coated with linear or branched polyethylene glycol (PEG) in concentrations of 5 and 25 μg/ml. After 24-h incubation with graphene oxide nanoparticles, the increase in the number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells at visualization points decreased; nanoparticles coated with branched PEG more markedly suppressed cell growth in culture. In the presence of graphene oxide nanoparticles , peripheral bloo...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Experimental Study of Antidepressant Properties of Afobazole
We studied the effects of oral administration of Afobazole in a dose of 10 mg/kg for 5 days on depressive-like behavior of male C57BL/6 mice in the tail suspension test in comparison with amitriptyline (10 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) treatment. Afobazole produced an antidepressant effect similar to amitriptyline, but inferior to fluoxetine. The σ1 receptor antagonist BD-1047 in a dose of 5 mg/kg blocked the antidepressant effect of Afobazole, which indicates the involvement of σ1 receptors in the antidepressant effect of the drug. (Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research