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Safety Assessment: a Comparative Analysis of Quantitative Content of Bacterial Endotoxins and Evaluation of Pyrogenicity of the Kazakhstan Vaccine QazCovid-in ® against COVID-19
We measured the levels of bacterial endotoxins in the bulk vaccine product (BVP) and finished vaccine QazCovid-in® and evaluated the effect of aluminum hydroxide (adjuvant) on the results of LAL test and pyrogenicity of samplesin vivo (in rabbits receiving intravenous injection into the marginal ear vein). Administration of BVP with LPS resulted in a dose-dependent increase in body temperature in rabbits similar to that caused by LPS alone, which suggests that aluminum hydroxide in the vaccine did not affect the pyrogenic response in rabbits. Moreover, the LAL test showed that the aluminum hydroxide did not hinder LPS act...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Correlation of the Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction and Ventricular Depolarization in a Post-Infarction Model of Chronic Heart Failure
The body surface potential mapping of the heart during the period of ventricular depolarization and the inotropic function of the ventricles were studied in rats under conditions of a translational model of post-infarction chronic heart failure developed by us. We revealed a statistically significant (p<0.001) correlation between the left-ventricular ejection fraction and the values of the maximum positive and negative extrema of the cardioelectric field on the body surface of rats with post-infarction chronic heart failure caused by anterior transmural myocardial infarction. The calculated linear regression equations h...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Influence of a Decrease in Blood Viscosity on Arterial Pressure in Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
We investigated the effect of a decrease in blood viscosity on the mean BP during isovolumic hemodilution and vasodilating activity of the endothelium in normotensive Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Blood viscosity was reduced by isovolumic hemodilution (replacement of 10% of circulating blood with an equal volume of plasma). Hemodilution caused the same reduction in blood viscosity by 16% in both groups of rats. In Wistar rats, a decrease in blood viscosity did not significantly change in the mean BP; no significant correlations between blood viscosity and mean BP were observed before and after hemo...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Characterization of Risk Factors for Modeling of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Induced by a High-Fat Diet in C57BL/6 Mice
Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. C57BL/6 mice prone to obesity and leptin resistance were kept on a high-fat diet for 21 weeks. The animals showed a significant increase in fasting and postprandial glucose levels and body weight, the development of insulin resistance, and by week 18, an increase in the serum TNF α level. Metformin therapy at a dose of 250 mg/kg was effective against the background of disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism: animals showed a significant decrease in insulin resistance and TNFα level. (Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Microalbuminuria in Rats Treated with D-Nitroarginine Methyl Ether
Microalbuminuria is an early symptom and prognostic marker of the progression of renal pathology. The analysis of the role of anionic components of the renal glomeruli in the albumin retention and the development of a model of minimal changes in the glomerular filter leading to the appearance of microalbuminuria are relevant. The effect of organic cations D-arginine methyl esters (D-AME) and D-nitroarginine (D-NAME) on the excretion of albumin by the kidneys in rats was studied. D-AME had no effect on urinary albumin excretion in rats. D-NAME caused microalbuminuria, which persisted for more than a day and sharply increase...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Effect of IQ-1 on the Infarct Size and the Parameters of Cardiodynamic Indicators in the Acute Period after Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats
The effect of a new JNK inhibitor IQ-1 (11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime) was studied in male Wistar rats in a model of acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Area at risk and myocardial infarct zones were studied in two series of experiments: 16 h after a single dose of IQ-1 (25 mg/kg intraperitoneally during cardiac ischemia) and on day 5 after its course administration (25 mg/kg intraperitoneally during cardiac ischemia and daily over 4 days). On day 5 after ischemia/reperfusion, cardiodynamic indicators were also studied: systolic, end-diastolic, and minimum pressure in the left ventricle, stress —time index,...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Evaluation of Collagenase Activity from Crab Hepatopancreas in Different Model Systems
The effect of Kamchatka crab hepatopancreas containing three collagenolytic isoenzymes Collagenase KK and proteinases ofStreptomyces lavendulae on metabolic activity and cell death were carried out onin vitro models. It was shown that changes in the protein structure under the influence of Collagenase KK occurred earlier than under the effect of bacterial proteinases. At the same time, activity of Collagenase KK was significantly higher than that of bacterial proteinases (p<0.01). Both preparations had a pronounced time- and dose-dependent effects on metabolic activity of cells. Collagenase KK had low cytotoxic effect, ...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Role of δ2-Opioid Receptors in the Regulation of Tolerance of Isolated Cardiomyocytes to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation
Hypoxia (20 min) and reoxygenation (30 min) were simulated on isolated rat cardiomyocytes to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of selective δ2-opioid receptor agonist deltorphin II, opioid receptor antagonist naloxone methiodide, μ-opioid receptor antagonist CTAP, κ-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine, ε1-opioid receptor antagonist BNTX, and δ2-opioid receptors naltriben. Deltorphin II was administered 5 min before reoxygenation, antagonists were administered 10 min before reoxygenation. The cytoprotective effect of deltorphin II was assessed by the number of cardiomyocytes survived after hypoxia/reoxygena...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Ratios between the Levels of IL-18, Free IL-18, and IL-1 β-Binding Protein Depending on the Severity and Outcome of COVID-19
In 89 patients with COVID-19, the ratios between IL-18, free IL-18, and IL-18-binding protein (IL-18BP) were analyzed depending on severity and outcome of the disease. At admission to the hospital, the levels of IL-18 and free IL-18 were significantly higher than 3 months after discharge from the hospital, the levels IL-18BP of being almost the same. In patients with more severe lung injury (computed tomography data), the levels of IL-18 and free IL-18 were higher and IL-18BP levels were lower than in patients with mild and moderate COVID-19. Three months after discharge from the hospital, no differences between these para...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Correction to: Features of Hemolysin Biosynthesis by Morganella morganii
(Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 13, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Correction to: Xenon-Induced Recovery of Functional Activity of Pulmonary Surfactant (In Silico Study)
(Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 13, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Changes of the Concentration of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Intestines of Mice with Different Types of Obesity
We studied the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) by the intestinal microbiota in mice with obesity caused by a diet and a genetic defect in the leptin receptor gene. In mice, intestinal contents were examined and SCFA were quantitatively assayed by gas chromatography. SCFA concentration in the intestinal contents of mice with alimentary obesity model was significantly lower in the first phase of the experiment (day 14), and the change in their production in dynamics was fundamentally different from this process in the control group (standard diet). The dynamics of the concentration of these metabolites in the mo...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 12, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Peracute Myocardial Infarction: Features of the Influence of α2-Adrenoreceptor Stimulation on the Isolated Heart
We performed a comparative analysis of the effect of α2-adrenoreceptor stimulation on the performance of Langendorff-isolated heart from rats with experimental myocardial infarction in the acute stage and sham-operated animals (control). In animals with peracute myocardial infarction, different agonist concentrations (clonidine, 10-6 and 10-9 M) produced a multidirectional effect on the left-ventricular developed pressure and speed and time parameters of heart contractility. In control rats, both concentrations of the agonist added to the perfused solution reduced contraction force. Clonidine in a concentration of 10-6 M ...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 12, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Simulated Microgravity and Hypergravity Affect the Expression Level of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase, Adenylate Cyclase, and Phosphodiesterase Genesin Rat Ventricular Cardiomyocytes
Ion channels activity is regulated through soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and adenylate cyclase (AC) pathways, while phosphodiesterases (PDE) control the intracellular levels of cAMP and cGMP. Here we applied RNA transcriptome sequencing to study changes in the gene expression of the sGC, AC, and PDE isoforms in isolated rat ventricular cardiomyocytes under conditions of microgravity and hypergravity. Our results demonstrate that microgravity reduces the expression of sGC isoform genes, while hypergravity increases their expression. For a subset of AC isoforms, gene expression either increased or decreased under both micr...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 12, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Influence of a Passive Tilt Test on the Proteomic Composition of the Blood of Healthy Humans
In order to identify changes in the blood proteome of healthy volunteers after passive tilt test carried out on day 19 of head-down bed rest, a chromato-mass-spectrometric analysis of samples of dried blood spots was carried out. It was revealed that the body ’s response to the tilt test was characterized by a decrease in the level of HDL and kininogen-1. After the tilt test, we observed an increase in the level of vimentin, vitamin K-dependent protein C, Wnt signaling pathway proteins, proteins involved in autophagy and adaptive immune response, focal adhesion proteins, vascular damage marker S100A8, PEDF regulator, and...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 12, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research