Evolution and divergence of the genetic lineage Desmodus rotundus/Artibeus lituratus of rabies virus in S ão Paulo State
In this study, we genetically analyzed 70 RABV isolates from S ão Paulo State that were received by the Virology Laboratory of the Pasteur Institute of São Paulo between 2006 and 2015. Of these isolates, 33 were associated with the hematophagous bat D. rotundus and 37 with the fruit batA. lituratus. A genomic approach using phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide sequence comparisons demonstrated that these isolates belonged to the same genetic lineage of RABV. We also found that, in S ão Paulo State, theD. rotundus/A. lituratus lineage could be subdivided into at least four phylogenetic sublineages: two associated withD....
Source: Archives of Virology - October 6, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Evidence for the circulation of genotype 4 Eurasian avian-like lineage swine H1N1 influenza A viruses on Korean swine farms, obtained using a newly developed one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay
In this study, we developed a one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay targeting the M, HA1, and PB2 genes to detect G4 and related EA H1N1 viruses, with detection limits of 1.5 × 101 copies/ μL and 1.15 × 10−2 ng/ μL for the purified PCR products and RNA templates, respectively. The specificity of the detection method was confirmed using various influenza virus subtypes. When the one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay was applied to swine respiratory samples collected between 2020 and 2022 in Korea, a virus relate d to G4 EA H1N1 strains was detected. Phylogenetic analysis based on portions of all eight genome segments showed tha...
Source: Archives of Virology - October 6, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Sequencing and biological characterization of historical cynosurus mottle virus isolates from Germany
We report sequencing of four historical cynosurus mottle virus (CnMoV) isolates, originating from different hosts and locations. The CnMoV genome, ranging from 4417 to 4419 nt, encodes five ORFs. It shares 48.1% nucleotide sequence identity with cocksfoot mottle virus and 69.8% with the recently discovered Poaceae Liege sobemovirus. Phylogenetic analysis supports classification within the genusSobemovirus. Sequenced CnMoV isolates exhibit 96.4 –99.9% identity. Nucleotide substitutions leading to amino acid changes showed no host associations. However, amino acid changes in the coat protein appear to be linked to differen...
Source: Archives of Virology - October 4, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Viral inhibitory potential of hyoscyamine in Japanese encephalitis virus –infected embryonated chicken eggs involving multiple signaling pathways
In this study, we investigated the antiviral effect of hyoscyamine against JEV and its immunomodulatory activity in embryonated chicken eggs. Pretreatment with hyoscyamine sulphate resulted in a significant decrease in the viral load in both chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and brain tissues at 48 and 96 hours postinfection.In silico studies showed stable binding and interaction between hyoscyamine and non-structural protein 5 (NS5), suggesting that this could be the basis of its antiviral effect. Embryonated eggs pretreated with hyoscyamine sulphate showed upregulation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), TLR7, TLR8, interleuk...
Source: Archives of Virology - October 3, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Rational approach to vaccination against highly pathogenic avian influenza in Nigeria: a scientific perspective and global best practice
AbstractSince 2006, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtypes H5Nx have adversely affected poultry production in Nigeria. Successive waves of infections in the last two decades have raised concerns about the ability to contain infections by biosecurity alone, and evidence of recurrent outbreaks suggests a need for adoption of additional control measures such as vaccination. Although vaccination can be used to control virus spread and reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by HPAI, no country using vaccination alone as a control measure against HPAI has been able to eliminate or prevent re-infection. To inform po...
Source: Archives of Virology - September 29, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Genomic characterization of the novel bacteriophage IME183, infecting Klebsiella pneumoniae of capsular type K2
AbstractKlebsiella pneumoniae causes a wide range of serious and life-threatening infections.Klebsiella phage IME183, isolated from hospital sewage, exhibited lytic activity againstK. pneumoniae of capsular type K2. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that phage IME183 has a head with a diameter of 50 nm and a short tail. Its genome is 41,384 bp in length with a GC content of 52.92%. It is predicted to contain 50 open reading frames (ORFs). The results of evolutionary analysis suggest that phage IME183 should be considered a member of a new species in the genusPrzondovirus. (Source: Archives of Virology)
Source: Archives of Virology - September 29, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Epidemiology, genetic diversity, and evolutionary dynamics of Tembusu virus
AbstractTembusu virus (TMUV) is an emerging pathogenic flavivirus associated with acute egg-drop and fatal encephalitis in domestic waterfowl. Since its initial identification in mosquitoes in 1955, TMUV has been confirmed to infect ducks, pigeons, sparrows, geese, and chickens, posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. Here, we sequenced two DTMUV strains isolated in 2019 and systematically investigated the possible origin, genetic relationships, evolutionary dynamics, and transmission patterns of TMUV based on complete virus genome sequences in the public database. We found that TMUV can be divided into four m...
Source: Archives of Virology - September 29, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Research progress on pathogenic and therapeutic mechanisms of Enterovirus A71
This article aims to provide an overview of the possible mechanisms underlying infection, signaling pathway activation, the immune response, immune evasion, apoptosis, and the inflammatory response caused by EV-A71 infection and an overview of potential therapeutic strategies against EV-A71 infection to better understand the pathogenesis of EV-A71 and to aid in the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines. (Source: Archives of Virology)
Source: Archives of Virology - September 29, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Evolutionary characterization and pathogenicity of Getah virus from pigs in Guangdong Province of China
This study provides valuable data for understanding the risk of GETV infection in the pig industry and a reliable basis for studying the pathogenic mechanisms and diagnostic surveillance of GETV. (Source: Archives of Virology)
Source: Archives of Virology - September 28, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Characterization of the complete genome of oat sterile dwarf virus: a fijivirus occurring in the temperate climate zone of Europe
AbstractOat sterile dwarf virus (OSDV) is a fijivirus whose genome segments 7 to 10 were sequenced earlier. In the current study, the complete genome was sequenced. To confirm the genome ends, rapid amplification and sequencing of cDNA ends were performed. The complete OSDV genome consists of 10 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments with a total size of 28,686 bp. The sense strand sequence of all segments has the terminal consensus sequence motif 5 ’-AACGA(5–7)… U(6–8)(A/U)GUC-3’, in which the length of the stretches of A and U varies, being slightly shorter for segments 1–4 and longer for segments 5–10. The 3...
Source: Archives of Virology - September 28, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Prevalence and genomic analysis of t203-like G9 (G9-VI) rotaviruses circulating in children with gastroenteritis in Beijing, China
AbstractOur previous surveillance revealed that t203-like G9 (tentatively designated subtype G9-VI) rotaviruses re-emerged in 2010 in Beijing and rapidly prevailed over the G9-III subtype (the most common G9 subtype globally) and previously predominant G genotypes over the following two years. G9-VI belongs to the VP7 evolutionary lineage VI, which includes unusual and sporadic human rotaviruses from China (t203) and Japan. To obtain insight into the epidemiology, evolution, and transmission advantages of G9-VI rotavirus, we performed follow-up surveillance (2014-2017) and whole-genome analysis of 12 representative G9 st...
Source: Archives of Virology - September 27, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
The 3' end of the coding region of senecavirus A contains a highly conserved sequence that potentially forms a stem-loop structure required for virus rescue
AbstractSenecavirus A (SVA) can cause a vesicular disease in swine. It is a positive-strand RNA virus belonging to the genusSenecavirus in the familyPicornaviridae. Positive-strand RNA viruses possess positive-sense, single-stranded genomes whose untranslated regions (UTRs) have been reported to containcis-acting RNA elements. In the present study, a total of 100 SVA isolates were comparatively analyzed at the genome level. A highly conserved fragment (HCF) was found to be located in the 3D sequence and to be close to the 3' UTR. The HCF was computationally predicted to form a stem-loop structure. Eight synonymous mutation...
Source: Archives of Virology - September 22, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Correction to: Developments in the classification and nomenclature of arthropod-infecting large DNA viruses that contain pif genes
(Source: Archives of Virology)
Source: Archives of Virology - September 20, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Asymptomatic arbovirus and campylobacter infections in German travelers to Asia
In this study, we performed ELISA for dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Zika virus (ZIKV), hepatitis E virus (HEV), andCampylobacter jejuni on samples from 81 healthy Germans before and after they traveled to Asia. ELISA found five seroconversions forC. jejuni, two for DENV, one for ZIKV, and zero for HEV. For CHIKV, three subjects were positive before travel and negative afterwards. None had symptoms. These infections would have gone unnoticed by retrospective studies. Therefore, the risk for these infections may be higher than previously estimated. (Source: Archives of Virology)
Source: Archives of Virology - September 20, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Identification of a novel polyomavirus in wild Sonoran Desert rodents of the family Heteromyidae
AbstractRodents are the largest and most diverse group of mammals. Covering a wide range of structural and functional adaptations, rodents successfully occupy virtually every terrestrial habitat, and they are often found in close association with humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Although a significant amount of research has focused on rodents ’ prominence as known reservoirs of zoonotic viruses, there has been less emphasis on the viral ecology of rodents in general. Here, we utilized a viral metagenomics approach to investigate polyomaviruses in wild rodents from the Baja California peninsula, Mexico, using fecal...
Source: Archives of Virology - September 15, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
