Development of a simplified and cost-effective sample preparation method for genotyping of human papillomavirus by next-generation sequencing
AbstractHigh-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common cause of cervical cancer, but low-risk HPV strains can sometimes also be involved. Although HPV genotyping techniques used in clinical diagnosis cannot detect low-risk HPV, next-generation sequencing (NGS) can detect both types. However, DNA library preparation is complicated and expensive. The aim of this study was to develop a simplified, cost-effective sample preparation procedure for HPV genotyping based on next-generation sequencing (NGS). After DNA extraction, a first round of PCR was performed using modified MY09/11 primers specific for the L1...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 20, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Novel ollusvirus detected in a solitary wild bee species (Osmia taurus) in Japan
This study extends our knowledge of wild bee parasites in Japan. (Source: Archives of Virology)
Source: Archives of Virology - June 15, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Developments in the classification and nomenclature of arthropod-infecting large DNA viruses that contain pif genes
AbstractViruses of four families of arthropod-specific, large dsDNA viruses (the nuclear arthropod large DNA viruses, or NALDVs) possess homologs of genes encoding conserved components involved in the baculovirus primary infection mechanism. The presence of such homologs encodingper os infectivity factors (pif genes), along with their absence from other viruses and the occurrence of other shared characteristics, suggests a common origin for the viruses of these families. Therefore, the classNaldaviricetes was recently established, accommodating these four families. In addition, within this class, the ICTV approved the crea...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 14, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Molecular characterization of a novel amalgavirus infecting lilium spp. in China
AbstractA novel plant virus with a double-stranded (ds) RNA genome was detected inLilium spp. in China by high-throughput sequencing and tentatively named “lily amalgavirus 2” (LAV2). The genomic RNA of LAV2 is 3432 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains two open reading frames (ORFs) that putatively encode a ‘1 + 2’ fusion protein of 1053 amino acids (aa), generated by a ‘+1’ programmed ribosomal frameshift (PRF). ORF1 encodes a puta tive 386-aa protein of unknown function, and ORF2 overlaps ORF1 by 350 nt and encodes a putative 783-aa protein with conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) motifs. The...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 14, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
The antiviral potential of Phyllanthus species: a systematic review
AbstractViral infections and diseases caused by viruses are worldwide problems. According to a WHO report, three to five million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) each year globally. Since some viruses mutate very quickly, developing antiviral drugs can be a daunting task. Moreover, currently used synthetic drugs are toxic and associated with side effects. Therefore, there is a need to search for alternative natural remedies that have low toxicity, a new mechanism of action, and no major side effects.Phyllanthus plants have traditio...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 13, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Chimaeric plant-produced bluetongue virus particles as potential vaccine candidates
AbstractBluetongue virus (BTV) causes bluetongue disease in ruminants and sheep. The current live attenuated and inactivated vaccines available for prevention pose several risks, and there is thus a need for vaccines that are safer, economically viable, and effective against multiple circulating serotypes. This work describes the development of recombinant virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidates in plants, which are assembled by co-expression of the four BTV serotype 8 major structural proteins. We show that substitution of a neutralising tip domain of BTV8 VP2 with that of BTV1 VP2 resulted in the assembly of VLPs th...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 13, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Antiviral response and immunopathogenesis of interleukin 27 in COVID-19
AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a high mortality rate. The clinical course is attributed to the severity of pneumonia and systemic complications. In COVID-19 patients and murine models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the disease may be accompanied by excessive production of cytokines, leading to an accumulation of immune cells in affected organs such as lungs. Previous reports have shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection antagonizes interferon (IFN)-dependent antiviral response, thereby preventing the expression of...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 13, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Molecular diversity of yam virus Y and identification of banana mild mosaic virus isolates infecting yam (Dioscorea spp.)
AbstractTwo members of the familyBetaflexiviridae associated with yam (Dioscorea spp.) have been described so far: yam latent virus (YLV) and yam virus Y (YVY). However, their geographical distribution and molecular diversity remain poorly documented. Using a nested RT-PCR assay, we detected YVY inD. alata, D. bulbifera, D. cayenensis, D. rotundata, andD. trifida in Guadeloupe, and inD. rotundata in C ôte d'Ivoire, thus extending the known host range of this virus and geographical distribution. Using amplicon sequencing, we determined that the molecular diversity of YVY in the yam samples analyzed in this work ranged bet...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 13, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Full genotype characterization of Brazilian canine G3P[3] strains during a 10-year survey (2012 –2021) of rotavirus infection in domestic dogs and cats
AbstractThere is a dearth of information on the molecular epidemiology of rotaviruses in pets in Brazil. The aim of this study was to monitor rotavirus infections in household dogs and cats, determine full-genotype constellations, and obtain data on evolutionary relationships. Between 2012 and 2021, 600 fecal samples from dogs and cats (516 and 84, respectively) were collected at small animal clinics in S ão Paulo state, Brazil. Rotavirus screening was conducted using ELISA, PAGE, RT-PCR, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Rotavirus type A (RVA) was detected in 0.5% (3/600) of the animals. No non-RVA types were detect...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 12, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Changes to virus taxonomy and the ICTV Statutes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2023)
This article reports changes to virus taxonomy and taxon nomenclature that were approved and ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in April 2023. The entire ICTV membership was invited to vote on 174 taxonomic proposals that had been approved by the ICTV Executive Committee in July 2022, as well as a proposed revision of the ICTV Statutes. All proposals and the revised ICTV Statutes were approved by a majority of the voting membership. Of note, the ICTV continued the process of renaming existing species in accordance with the recently mandated binomial format and included gene transfer agent...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 10, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
A novel mammarenavirus (family Arenaviridae) in hedgehogs (Erinaceus roumanicus) in Europe
In this study, a novel mammarenavirus (familyArenaviridae) was identified in a hedgehog (family Erinaceidae) in Hungary and genetically characterized.MecsekMountainsvirus (MEMV, OP191655, OP191656) was detected in nine (45%) out of 20 faecal specimens collected from a Northern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus roumanicus). The L-segment proteins (RdRp and Z) and S-segment proteins (NP and GPC) of MEMV had 67.5%/70% and 74.6%/65.6% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, to the corresponding proteins of Alxa virus (speciesMammarenavirus alashanense) identified recently in an anal swab from a three-toed jerboa (Dipus sa...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 8, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Increase in rotavirus prevalence with the emergence of genotype G9P[8] in replacement of genotype G12P[6] in Sabah, Malaysia
AbstractRotaviruses are major causative agents of acute diarrhea in children under 5 years of age in Malaysia. However, a rotavirus vaccine has not been included in the national vaccination program. To date, only two studies have been carried out in the state of Sabah, Malaysia, although children in this state are at risk of diarrheal diseases. Previous studies showed that 16% –17% of cases of diarrhea were caused by rotaviruses and that equine-like G3 rotavirus strains are predominant. Because the prevalence of rotaviruses and their genotype distribution vary over time, this study was conducted at four government health...
Source: Archives of Virology - June 3, 2023 Category: Virology Source Type: research
