The complete genome sequences of a negative single-stranded RNA virus and a double-stranded RNA virus coinfecting the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin
AbstractBeauveria bassiana Vuillemin is an entomopathogenic fungus that has been developed as a biological insecticide.B. bassiana can be infected by single or multiple mycoviruses, most of which are double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses, while infections with single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses, especially negative single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) viruses, have been observed less frequently. In the present study, we sequenced and analyzed the complete genomes of two new different mycoviruses coinfecting a singleB. bassiana strain: a -ssRNA virus which we have named"Beauveria bassiana negative-strand RNA virus 1" (BbNS...
Source: Archives of Virology - February 8, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Identification and characterization of a marine bacterium extract from Mameliella sp. M20D2D8 with antiviral effects against influenza A and B viruses
AbstractDespite significant improvements in vaccines and chemotherapeutic drugs, pathogenic RNA viruses continue to have a profound impact on the global economy and pose a serious threat to animal and human health through emerging and re-emerging outbreaks of diseases. To overcome the challenge of viral adaptation and evolution, increased vigilance is required. Particularly, antiviral drugs derived from new, natural sources provide an attractive strategy for controlling problematic viral diseases. In this antiviral study, we discovered a previously unknown bacterium,Mameliella sp. M20D2D8, by conducting an antiviral screen...
Source: Archives of Virology - February 7, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Characterization of antibodies targeting severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus glycoprotein Gc
This study focuses on the production and characterization of antibodies targeting the SFTSV Gc protein. Monoclonal antibodies against Gc were generated through immunization of mice, and their antiviral activity was evaluated. Three out of four anti-Gc antibody clones from this study demonstrated dose-dependent SFTSV neutralization activity, two of which exhibited a synergistic effect on the neutralization activity of the anti-Gn antibody clone Mab4-5. Further studies are necessary to identify key sites on the SFTSV glycoprotein and to develop novel agents as well as antibodies with diverse mechanisms of action against SFTS...
Source: Archives of Virology - February 3, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Molecular characterization of a novel narnavirus infecting the phytopathogenic fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea
AbstractHere, a novel mycovirus, Botryosphaeria dothidea narnavirus 5 (BdNV5), was discovered in the plant-pathogenic fungusBotryosphaeria dothidea strain ZM210167-1. The BdNV5 genome sequence is 2,397 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains a putative open reading frame (ORF) encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with a molecular mass of 72.77 kDa. A BLASTp search using the RdRp amino acid (aa) sequence showed that it was most similar to the RdRp of Botryosphaeria dothidea narnavirus 4 (42.35%). In a phylogenetic tree based on RdRp aa sequences, BdNV5 clustered with members of the familyNarnaviridae. BdNV5 is th...
Source: Archives of Virology - February 1, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Complete genome sequence of polygonatum kingianum mottle virus infecting Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl in Yunnan, China
AbstractThe complete genome sequence of a putative novel potyvirus, tentatively named “polygonatum kingianum mottle virus” (PKgMV; GenBank accession no. ON428226), infectingPolygonatum kingianum in China, was obtained by next-generation sequencing (NGS), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). PKgMV exhibits the typical genome organization and characteristics of members of the genusPotyvirus, with a length of 10,002 nucleotides (nt) and a large open reading frame (nt 108 to 9,746) encoding a polyprotein of 3,212 amino acids (aa) (363.68 kDa). Pairwise compa...
Source: Archives of Virology - February 1, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Tracing the journey of poxviruses: insights from history
AbstractThe historical significance of the poxviruses is profound, largely due to the enduring impact left by smallpox virus across many centuries. The elimination of smallpox is a remarkable accomplishment in the history of science and medicine, with centuries of devoted efforts resulting in the development and widespread administration of smallpox vaccines. This review provides insight into the pivotal historical events involving medically significant poxviruses. Understanding the remarkable saga of combatting smallpox is crucial, serving as a guidepost for potential future encounters with poxvirus infections. There is a...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 27, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
The role of receptors in the cross-species spread of coronaviruses infecting humans and pigs
AbstractThe pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has proven capable of infecting over 30 animal species, highlights the critical need for understanding the mechanisms of cross-species transmission and the emergence of novel coronavirus strains. The recent discovery of CCoV-HuPn-2018, a recombinant alphacoronavirus from canines and felines that can infect humans, along with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pig cells, underscores the potential for coronaviruses to overcome species barriers. This review investigates the origins and cross-species transmission of both human and porcine coronaviruses, with a specific emphasis...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 24, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
ENPP1 inhibits the transcription activity of the hepatitis B virus pregenomic promoter by upregulating the acetylation of LMNB1
AbstractCurrent therapies for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can slow disease progression but cannot cure the infection, as it is difficult to eliminate or permanently silence HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). The interaction between host factors and cccDNA is essential for their formation, stability, and transcriptional activity. Here, we focused on the regulatory role of the host factor ENPP1 and its interacting transcription factor LMNB1 in HBV replication and transcription to better understand the network of host factors that regulate HBV, which may facilitate the development of new antiviral drugs. Overe...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 24, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Detection and complete genome sequence analysis of human adenovirus in children with acute diarrhea in Yunnan, China, 2015 –2021
ConclusionsIn Yunnan province, children of all ages are susceptible to HAdV infection, b ut there has been marked variation in the yearly prevalence. The highest rate of HAdV detection was in June, followed by November. Priority should be given to disease prevention over the development of targeted antiviral therapies, and effective vaccines for preventing HAdV diarrhea are needed. It i s also important to establish a surveillance system to collect relevant clinical and epidemiological data quickly in order to assess the potential risk of HAdV infection in children and to identify epidemic strains for the development of ef...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 23, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Potential role of microRNAs in personalized medicine against hepatitis: a futuristic approach
AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been the subject of extensive research for many years, primarily in the context of diseases such as cancer. However, our appreciation of their significance in viral infections, particularly in hepatitis, has increased due to the discovery of their association with both the host and the virus. Hepatitis is a major global health concern and can be caused by various viruses, including hepatitis A to E. This review highlights the key factors associated with miRNAs and their involvement in infections with various viruses that cause hepatitis. The review not only emphasizes the expression profil...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 21, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Zika virus infection during pregnancy and vertical transmission: case reports and peptide-specific cell-mediated immune responses
AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnant women is associated with birth defects, which are more prevalent and severe the earlier in pregnancy the infection occurs. Pregnant women at risk of possible ZIKV exposure (n = 154) were screened using ELISA for ZIKV IgM and IgG. Nine of 154 (5.84%) pregnant women who underwent screening exhibited positive ZIKV serology. Of these, two maternal infections were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and five were considered probable, but only three of those were retained for further analysis based on strict diagnostic criteria. Plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) confirmed ZIKV...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 20, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Molecular characterization of a novel mycovirus from binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A strain A46
AbstractThe complete genome sequence of a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ ssRNA) virus, Rhizoctonia beny-like virus 1 (RBLV1), isolated from binucleateRhizoctonia AG-A strain A46, was determined. The RBLV1 genome is 10,280 nt in length and contains a short stretch of adenines at the 3 ′ terminus. It contains a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 376.30-kDa protein with viral helicase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) motifs. The encoded protein exhibited the highest sequence similarity to Rhizoctonia cerealis beny-like virus 0928-1 (RcBeLV 0928-1, 45.25%), with a s equence coverage of 63%. Phylogene...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 18, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Clinical characteristics of outpatients with influenza-B-associated pneumonia and molecular evolution of influenza B virus in Beijing, China, during the 2021 –2022 influenza season
AbstractWe analyzed the clinical characteristics of outpatients with influenza-B-associated pneumonia during the 2021 –2022 influenza season and analyzed the molecular epidemiology and evolution of influenza B virus. The presence of influenza B virus was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Electronic medical records were used to collect and analyze data of outpatients. The HA an d NA genes were phylogenetically analyzed using ClustalW 2.10 and MEGA 11.0. Out of 1569 outpatients who tested positive for influenza B virus, 11.7% (184/1569) developed pneumonia, and of these, 19.0% (35/184) ...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 18, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
The impact of PA/I38 substitutions and PA polymorphisms on the susceptibility of zoonotic influenza A viruses to baloxavir
AbstractGenetic reassortment of avian, swine, and human influenza A viruses (IAVs) poses potential pandemic risks. Surveillance is important for influenza pandemic preparedness, but the susceptibility of zoonotic IAVs to the cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir acid (BXA) has not been thoroughly researched. Although an amino acid substitution at position 38 in the polymerase acidic protein (PA/I38) in seasonal IAVs reduces BXA susceptibility, PA polymorphisms at position 38 are rarely seen in zoonotic IAVs. Here, we examined the impact of PA/I38 substitutions on the BXA susceptibility of recombinant A(H5N1) virus...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 12, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Construction and characterization of a full-length infectious clone of an emerging senecavirus A strain
AbstractSenecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging virus that causes vesicular disease in pigs. Construction of a full-length SVA cDNA clone is crucial for understanding its replication and pathogenesis. Here, we successfully constructed a CMV-promoter-driven infectious cDNA clone of the SVA isolate SVA/GX/CH/2018, which we named rSVA GX01. Sequence comparison between the pSVA GX01 and the parental isolate (SVA/GX/CH/2018) revealed three single-nucleotide differences. Four-week-old piglets were experimentally infected with either the parental virus or the cloned virus. The results showed that the cloned rSVA GX01 displayed weak pa...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 12, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
