Early Adolescent Binge Drinking Increases Risk of Psychopathology in Post-9/11 Veterans and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Exacerbates Symptom Severity
ConclusionsA history of BD during early adolescence is prevalent among Veterans and is related to higher risk for AUD and more severe AUD, SUD, mood and stress symptoms later in life. Veterans with early BD and military mTBI showed greater incidence and severity of PTSD, indicating that mTBI, a common comorbidity among post-9/11 Veterans, exacerbates risk. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 10, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Immune Response to an Acute Moderate Dose of Alcohol in Healthy Young Adults
AbstractPrior research on alcohol and the immune system has tended to focus on binge doses or chronic heavy drinking. The aim of this single-session preliminary study was to characterize immune response to moderate alcohol (0.60 g alcohol per kilogram body weight) in healthy, nonchronic drinkers. The sample (N = 11) averaged 26.6 years of age and was balanced in gender. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and 1, 2 and 3 hours postconsumption. Markers of microbial translocation [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] and innate immune response [LPS-binding protein (LBP), soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14), and sel...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 10, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Thiamine as a Modifying Factor for Alcohol-Related Intracranial Haemorrhage
In their article,Penget al., (2020) suggest a number of putative mechanisms for the association between chronic alcohol abuse and intracranial haemorrhage. These include increased sympathetic nervous system activity and oxidative stress mediated by hypertension. Cerebral small vessel rupture from uncontrolled high blood pressure may be further compounded by clotting dysfunction from liver disease, disruption of blood brain barrier integrity and neuroinflammation. Chronic alcohol abuse is also associated with other disorders whose pathological substrate includes intracerebral haemorrhage —with Wernicke’s encephalopath...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 6, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Does Class Proportion of Students with Non-Western Origin in High Schools Affect Drinking Habits Among Ethnic Danish Students?
Conclusionthe downward drinking trend among adolescents in Western countries may be partly explained by the higher proportion of youth with non-Western origin, influencing the prevalence of drinking and frequency of binge drinking among adolescents in the ethnic majority population. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 31, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Adaptation of and Protocol for the Validation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in the Russian Federation for Use in Primary Healthcare
ConclusionsThe systematic review identified over 60 different Russian-language AUDIT versions without systematic validation studies. The main difficulties encountered with the use of the AUDIT in the Russian Federation were related to the lack of:a concept and definition for a standard drink;low-risk drinking guidelines/thresholds andinclusion of the specific drinking pattern of episodic heavy drinking.A revised version of the Russian-language AUDIT was created based on the pilot studies, and was validated in primary healthcare facilities in all regions in 2019/2020. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 30, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Affective Drinking Motives, Delinquency and Binge Drinking: A Comparison of Male and Female High School Seniors
ConclusionsThese results suggest that while delinquency had no apparent impact on the affective drinking motive –binge drinking correlation in boys, low delinquency clearly amplified the counter-binge drinking effects of low affective drinking motives in girls. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 20, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Change Over Time in Australian Newspaper Reporting of Drinking During Pregnancy: A Content Analysis (2000 –2017)
ConclusionsA stronger abstinence message during pregnancy has been communicated through Australian newspaper media over time. The mixed messaging and large number of articles not endorsing a position on consumption may reflect the inconclusiveness of the evidence on harms from low to moderate levels of alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Opportunities remain for researchers to work with public health advocates to disseminate balanced messages based on evidence-based research. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 17, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Psychometric Properties of the Person-Centered Version of the Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perceptions Questionnaire (PC-AAPPQ)
ConclusionsThe PC-AAPPQ represents a positive effort to modernize the four-decade-old AAPPQ. This 30-item instrument, which adds one additional subscale, offers a means to assess providers ’ attitudes using respectful wording that avoids perpetuating negative biases and reinforces efforts to affirm the worth and dignity of the population being treated. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 15, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Alcohol Consumption among Samoan Adults in 2010: Patterns, Correlates and Health Implications
ConclusionOur analyses identified correlates of alcohol consumption and associated problems that can help guide the development of targeted interventions for different sex and age groups to mitigate the social and physiological harms of alcohol misuse. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 14, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Depictions of Alcohol in Australian TV ‘Bachelor In Paradise’: A Content Analysis
ConclusionsThe high volume of alcohol content depicted in the show is of concern, due to the important influence it may have on the audience. Vulnerable viewers, especially minors and young adults, are being exposed to ubiquitous alcohol references. This may influence their perceptions of normal alcohol use, their attitudes toward alcohol and their own consumption of alcohol. A stronger regulatory regime is required in Australia to protect young people more effectively from depictions in television programs. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 11, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Alcoholics Anonymous and 12-Step Facilitation Treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Distillation of a 2020 Cochrane Review for Clinicians and Policy Makers
ConclusionsAA/TSF interventions produce similar benefits to other treatments on all drinking-related outcomes except for continuous abstinence and remission, where AA/TSF is superior. AA/TSF also reduces healthcare costs. Clinically implementing one of these proven manualized AA/TSF interventions is likely to enhance outcomes for individuals with AUD while producing health economic benefits. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 6, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Histology of Liver of the Deceased Due to Harmful Use of Alcohol
ConclusionsSpectrum of histopathological liver changes is broad regardless of sex, and various traits are present in various patterns. Comorbidities have strong influence on the picture of changes in the liver. Exact evaluation how often and what histopathological changes will develop in alcohol liver disease is not possible by reason of variability of external factors. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 6, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Nutritional Care of Patients Admitted to Hospital for Alcohol Withdrawal: A 5-Year Retrospective Audit
ConclusionInconsistent nutritional assessment and management practices were identified across a diverse population group, whilst nutritional professionals were underutilized. Future research should benchmark current guidelines and multidisciplinary approaches considering the role of nutritional specialists in the team. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 6, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Ashamed and Alone —Risk Factors for Alcohol Craving Among Depressed Emerging Adults
ConclusionOur study demonstrates that shame is a specific emotional experience that contributes to solitary drinking among depressed emerging adults. It is important to use these results to inform interventions that directly target solitary contexts and shame. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - June 30, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Comparing the Prognosis of Patient with Alcohol and Nonalcohol-Associated Cirrhosis with Bacteremia
ConclusionsThe etiology of liver cirrhosis influences the outcomes of patients with bacteremia as well as the severity of their cirrhosis. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - June 30, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
